Subtype
Digestive System Adenocarcinoma
CI-CAN-00002525Explore in graph →
- NCIt
- C210140
Loading cancer entity…
Subtype
CI-CAN-00002525Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
167 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRG1 Fusion + KRAS WildtypeNRG1KRAS1 | ||||||||
| Afatinib | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID7493Whole genome sequencing and transcriptomic analysis were performed on 47 advanced PDAC patients. 3/47 patients were KRAS wildtype and all three of these cases harbored a NRG1 fusion. In a 54-year-old … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31068372 · Jones et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID2 R1273* (c.3817C>T)1 | ||||||||
| (predisposing) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predisposing | D | Supports Predisposition | 3 | submitted | EID8051Mutation of ARID2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is often seen. There is about 6/16 of the truncated mutations found at the C2H2 domain (zinc finger) and about 16/24 mutations show that this domain… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32071245 · Jiang et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ATM R2034Ter1 | ||||||||
| Olaparib | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID13230A 77 year old man with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with somatic ATM R2034Ter mutation received off label olaparib after prior chemotherap. His disease remained stable for 18 months. PMID 40273902 · Vornhülz et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ATM Underexpression1 | ||||||||
| Olaparib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID878Low ATM protein expression led to sensitivity to PARP inhibitors in TP53 -ve gastric cancer cell lines (8 lines were used for various aspects of this study). PMID 24841718 · Kubota et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRG1 Fusion + KRAS WildtypeNRG1KRAS1 | ||||||||
| Afatinib | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID7492Whole genome sequencing and transcriptomic analysis were performed on 47 advanced PDAC patients. 3/47 patients were KRAS wildtype and all three of these cases harbored a NRG1 fusion. A 59-year-old met… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31068372 · Jones et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AURKA Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Alisertib + CisplatinCombination | Esophageal AdenocarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | E | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID456Antitumour effect of alisertib treatment in esophageal adenocarcinomas can be intensified in combination with cisplatin. PMID 22302096 · Sehdev et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AURKA Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Alisertib + CisplatinCombination | Esophageal AdenocarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID9627The efficacy of novel AURKA inhibitor alisertib (MLN8327) was tested alone or in combination with cisplatin in three esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines (FLO-1, OE19 and OE33) that overexpress AURKA.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22302096 · Sehdev et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V600E2 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 3 | rejected | EID12446Cell growth of several BRAF mutant cell lines were analyzed in response to treatment with increasing concentrations of cetuximab (0-300nM). Cell lines with activating BRAF mutations were insensitive, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 28783719 · Yao et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib/Trametinib Regimen | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID12811A 78-year-old Chinese female patient presented with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The patient received two cycles of chemotherapy. Following the second incomplete cycle of ch… (full text at CIViC) PMID 41367868 · Liu et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V600E + High1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID1940In a study of 468 colorectal adenocarcinoma 61 patients had micro-satellite instability (MSI) and there was a marginally statistically significantly better prognosis for BRAF WT (n=26) patients relati… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27302369 · Schell et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRCA1 Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| Olaparib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID7384In the phase 3 POLO trial patients who had germline BRCA1/2 mutation and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma that had not progressed during first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were allocated to ma… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31157963 · Golan et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRCA1 Mutation + BRCA2 Mutation + PALB2 MutationBRCA2BRCA1PALB21 | ||||||||
| Rucaparib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11317In this phase II study, 46 patients were enrolled (42 were evaluable; 27 gBRCA2, seven gBRCA1, six gPALB2, and two sBRCA2) and their chemotherapy was discontinued; patients then received rucaparib 600… (full text at CIViC) PMID 33970687 · Reiss et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRCA2 Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| Olaparib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID7385In the phase 3 POLO trial patients who had germline BRCA1/2 mutation and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma that had not progressed during first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were allocated to ma… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31157963 · Golan et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CCNE1 Overexpression2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Gastric Adenosquamous Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | rejected | EID364Elevated levels of CCNE1 mRNA has been shown to be correlated with advanced stage gastric carcinoma. PMID 10224221 · Donnellan et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastric Adenosquamous Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID365Elevated levels of CCNE1 mRNA has been shown to be correlated with increased depth of tumor invasion in gastic carcinoma. PMID 10224221 · Donnellan et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CD44 CD44v61 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 5 | submitted | EID9407In a meta-analysis including nine trials with a total of 942 patients, high CD44v6 expression is significantly associated with a decrease in survival outcome (HR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.58 to 2.88). PMID 25887688 · Fu et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CDK9 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Dinaciclib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9312This preclinical study elucidated the potential varying efficaciousness of cyclin dependent Kinase inhibitor (CDK) dinaciclib. When forcing overexpression of differing CDKs (CDK1 and 9). Overall Hepat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31561409 · Shao et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CEACAM1 CEACAM1-L1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID9606In a clinical study including 128 patients, CEACAM1-L dominant expression is significantly associated with decreased recurrence-free survival rate by a multivariate analysis (p = 0.04). Moreover CEACA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24390710 · Kiriyama et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CIP2A EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1117Expression of the protein CIP2A was investigated in 72 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and 27 cases of adjacent tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant difference in expression … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26894380 · Xu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CIP2A Underexpression1 | ||||||||
| Gemcitabine | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1118Researchers studied the effect of CIP2A expression in relation to gemcitabine sensitivity via SW1990 cell lines. SW1990 cells with CIP2A expression knocked-down displayed lower IC50 (p=.024), indicat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26894380 · Xu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CLDN18 positive2 | ||||||||
| CAPOX Regimen + ZolbetuximabCombination | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID12216In the phase 3 GLOW trial (NCT03653507), 507 patients with CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma were randomized 1:1 to receive either zolbetuximab combined with CAPOX … (full text at CIViC) PMID 37524953 · Shah et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FOLFOX-6 Regimen + ZolbetuximabCombination | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID12215In the phase 3 SPOTLIGHT trial (NCT03504397), 565 patients with gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma were randomized to receive either zolbetuximab combined with mFOLFOX6 (n=283) or placebo with m… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37068504 · Shitara et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CXCR4 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Docetaxel | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID949CXCR4 expression as assessed by microarray analysis, was associated with resistance to docetaxel in 11 cancer cell lines (R^2 = 0.23, p = 0.019). Expression levels (by qtPCR) were also higher in resis… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20651371 · Xie et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PRKACA Fusion3 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Fibrolamellar Carcinoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 5 | accepted | EID532RT-PCR and FISH assays were developed for the detection of rearrangements of the PRKACA locus. A total of 106 primary liver tumors were studied by RT-PCR (26 fibrolamellar carcinomas, 25 conventional … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25698061 · Graham et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Fibrolamellar Carcinoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID405A head-to-tail in-frame fusion between exon1 of DNAJB1 and exon2 of PRKACA resulting from a ~400kb deletion was observed in 100% (15/15) fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas examined. The fusion wa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24578576 · Honeyman et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Fibrolamellar Carcinoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | |||
| DNMT1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID946High DNMT1 expression was found in 105/127 (83%) or patients (by qPCR assay). Low DNMT1 expression was associated with improved histopathological and clinical response and OS in patients with gastric … (full text at CIViC) PMID 21458988 · Mutze et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Amplification2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Barrett AdenocarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID470In patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma, those with amplification of EGFR had shorter disease-specific survial. PMID 20840671 · Marx et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID6927This retrospective analysis of a Phase 2 trial shows significant association between increased EGFR gene copy number (≥ 4.0) and overall survival (OS) in patients with gastric and oesophago-gastric ju… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22152101 · Luber et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Amplification + SEPTIN14 FusionSEPTIN14EGFR2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 2 | submitted | EID11003A case report of a 49 year old female with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma, in whom a genomic screen of cf tumour DNA revealed an EGFR::SEPT14 fusion at a VAF of 45.3%. The fusion was confirmed by … (full text at CIViC) PMID 33969073 · Kim et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID10913Case report describing a 63-year-old patient with colorectal adenocarcinoma. He started treatment with XELOX and bevacizumab. After findings of disease progression, they changed to bevacizumab and FOL… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32162810 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Alteration + EGFR Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Lenvatinib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID12052The ctDNA of 46 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed to investigate whether EGFR alterations could lead to lenvatinib resistance. Among these patients, 16 had been treated with lenvatin… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36708791 · Lim et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR EGFRVIII1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID11116Case report describing a 63-year-old patient with colorectal adenocarcinoma with disease progression after treatment with XELOX-bevacizumab and bevacizumab-FOLFIRI. After the detection of EGFR aberrat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32162810 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR L747_P753delinsS1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID6005Patients with recurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma was treated with gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel, FOLFIRINOX and docetaxel + irinotecan. After failure of these treatment, a tumor specimen from the panc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28874593 · Cecchini et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Overexpression + KRAS MutationEGFRKRAS3 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Adverse Response | 3 | submitted | EID11059The Medical Research Council (MRC) COIN trial consisted of patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, inoperable metastatic or locoregional measurable disease, and w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21641636 · Maughan et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID11058The Medical Research Council (MRC) COIN trial consisted of patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, inoperable metastatic or locoregional measurable disease, and w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21641636 · Maughan et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | |||||||
| EGFR T790M1 | ||||||||
| Osimertinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID6006Patients with recurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma was treated with gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel, FOLFIRINOX and docetaxel + irinotecan. After failure of these treatment, a tumor specimen from the panc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28874593 · Cecchini et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EIF4EBP1 PHOSPHORYLATION1 | ||||||||
| Everolimus | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID9188 gastric cancer cell lines were treated with the MTOR inhibitor everolimus. Cell proliferation was effectively inhibited in 3 cell lines by everolimus. Phosphorylated EIF4EBP1 (T37/46, T70) levels we… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23340172 · Nishi et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID10484Whole genome sequencing and RNAseq were performed on 400 patients with resected or locally advanced/metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performe… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34583947 · Allen et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID10506From a retrospective review of 38,095 tumor samples from 33,997 patients using DNA sequencing (MSK-IMPACT) and RNA sequencing (MSK-Fusion panel) identified 87 tumors with NTRK1-3 fusions. Two cases of… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31375766 · Solomon et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 Amplification8 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11563The ERRB2 amplification effect in PDAC was studied through CAPAN1 cells and ERBB2-KO (knockout) CAPAN1 cells that were KO using CRISPR (Figure 4C, Supp Table 4), with a 90% reduction of ERBB2 compared… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31046123 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Afatinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID962Afatinib was growth-inhibitory for three pancreatic cancer cell lines but cytotoxic only toward BxPC3 (KRAS wt) and Capan-2 (KRAS mut) cells, both of which express high levels of EGFR, ERBB2, and ERBB… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26668065 · Huguet et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Lapatinib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | ||||
| ERBB2 E717D1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11555HPNE cells infected with lentiviral vectors containing the variant did show significant phosphorylation of ERBB2 (Supplementary Figure 1) compared to WT (Figure 2A and B). The variant also exhibits an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31046123 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 2 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| accepted |
EID754The DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion was detected in 79% (58/73) of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas assayed. PMID 25557953 · Cornella et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Does Not Support Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID11062The Medical Research Council (MRC) COIN trial consisted of patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, inoperable metastatic or locoregional measurable disease, and w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21641636 · Maughan et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID1023TyTAN, a Phase III study in Asian patients, looked at addition of tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib to chemptherapy in advanced HER2 positive gastric cancer. Primary endpoint was Overall Survival (… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24868024 · Satoh et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Chemotherapy + Pembrolizumab + TrastuzumabCombination | Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11252In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase III trial, 264 patients were enrolled with histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnoses of previously untreated, locally advanced, un… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34912120 · Janjigian et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Trastuzumab | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1499ToGA, a Phase III study (NCT01041404) addressed use of trastuzumab in HER2 positive (overexpression or amplification) advanced gastric cancer, where chemotherapy using fluoropyrimidine-based and plati… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20728210 · Bang et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11254In this open-label, randomized, phase II trial, 187 patients with HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma that had progressed while they were receiving at least two pre… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32469182 · Shitara et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1022ToGA, a Phase III study (NCT01041404) addressed use of trastuzumab in HER2 positive advanced gastric cancer, where chemotherapy using fluoropyrimidine-based and platinum-based combinations had been co… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20728210 · Bang et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Chemotherapy + TrastuzumabCombination | Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID11256In this phase 3, open-label, randomized controlled trial, 594 patients (584 in the primary analysis) with HER2-positive amplification or overexpression gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcin… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20728210 · Bang et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |