Cancer Family
Endocrine Neoplasm
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- C3010
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000015Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
105 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRAF Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID462The AKAP9-BRAF fusion gene was found in 3/28 tumor samples of radiation-associated papillary thyroid carcinoma, and no samples of non-radiation associated papillary thyroid carcinoma. This fusion was … (full text at CIViC) PMID 15630448 · Ciampi et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BIRC7 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | E | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID8314The results proposes a potential that BIRC7 represses PTC cell autophagy, causing increase in the migration and mtastatic ability of these cells PMID 32064154 · Liu et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V600E20 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 5 | accepted | EID80Thyroid nodule with BRAF V600E mutation is highly correlated with papillary thyroid cancer. PMID 24570209 · Crescenzi et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support Poor Outcome | 5 | accepted | EID102Unlike other studies that suggest a poorer outcome, BRAF mutation in this study was not correlated with poorer prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer. PMID 24354346 · Walczyk et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports | ||||
| CD274 Expression2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1274Immunohistochemical analyses of PD-L1 protein was retrospectively performed on 251 archived FFPE surgical tissues (66 benign thyroid nodules and 185 papillary thyroid carcinomas PTC, E1L3N antibody). … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27086918 · Chowdhury et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Pembrolizumab | Merkel Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1578Patients with Merkel Cell Carcinoma (n=26) were enrolled to receive pembrolizumab. Of these patients, 25 were evaluated for response rate to pembrolizumab and PD-L1 (CD274) expression. The response ra… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27093365 · Nghiem et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BEND2 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Pancreatic Neuroendocrine CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID9219A 35 year-old patient presented with a grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and liver metastasis. Whole genome sequencing and RNAseq revealed a previously undescribed somatic translocation between … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31160355 · Williamson et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CHEK1 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin + Olaparib + PrexasertibCombination | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID4874A preclinical study to evaluate the efficacy of targeting the overexpressed CHEK1 cell cycle chekpoint kinase, including both miRNA and Prexasertib-induced inhibition. Both in vitro and in vivo, Prexa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28490518 · Sen et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| DLL3 Expression2 | ||||||||
| Rovalpituzumab Tesirine | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID7764In a phase II trial, patients with DLL3-expressing small cell lung carcinoma were treated with rovalpituzumab tesirine. Only patients with 1% or more tumor cells expressing DLL3 were enrolled. In this… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31506387 · Morgensztern et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID591974 patients with small-cell lung cancer and eight with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma received at least one dose of rovalpituzumab tesirine in a phase 1 trial. 11 (18%) of 60 assessable patients … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27932068 · Rudin et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR L858R1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID4293In an in vitro study using NCI-H3255 cells (EGFR L858R mutation), inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation was used as an assay to determine sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. NCI-H3255 cells d… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24893891 · Cross et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID10508From a retrospective review of 38,095 tumor samples from 33,997 patients using DNA sequencing (MSK-IMPACT) and RNA sequencing (MSK-Fusion panel) identified 87 tumors with NTRK1-3 fusions. One case of … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31375766 · Solomon et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Entrectinib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID10635Of 351 primary thyroid carcinoma patients assessed by targeted gene rearrangement next-generation assay, 11 cases (3.1%) had NTRK rearrangement. Only one case of EML4::NTRK3 fusion (e2,e13) with an in… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32457407 · Chu et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Irinotecan + TrastuzumabCombination | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1044This report details 2 case studies in relapsed HER2 positive SCLC. In the first case, a 50 pack-year patient showed intense non-mutant HER2 expression by IHC without DNA amplification, and had underg… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25601188 · Kinehara et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK2 Fusion + TERT c.-124C.TTERTNTRK21 | ||||||||
| Larotrectinib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID11278A 53 year old female patient had PTC treated with surgery and multiple brain metastases. TERT c.-124C.T mutation and ETV6::NTRK2 fusion was found in pleural biopsy and cerebellar resection specimens.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35171659 · Park et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID6474Prasad et al queried the histopathology of 28 Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas (PTCs) from patients ages 6-18 years (20 females, 8 males). None had significant exposure to radiation. 5 / 27 PTCs (18.5%) h… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26784937 · Prasad et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GNAS R201H1 | ||||||||
| Radioactive Iodine | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID3045A 79 year old patient with prior 5-year history of Graves' disease presented with follicular thyroid carcinoma. Two mutations NRAS p.Q61K and GNAS p.R201H were detected. The thyroid cancer manifested … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26788326 · Lu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HRAS Q611 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID6960Follicular thyroid cancers harboring RAS mutations have limited aggressiveness in the absence of TERT mutations. 2/2 follicular thyroid cancer patients with co-mutations in NRAS (10 Q61R and 1 Q61K) o… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25448848 · Muzza et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KDR Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Pazopanib | Neuroendocrine Tumor | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7854Phase 2 study of pazopanib in pretreated advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Study found that patients with immunoexpression of VEGFR2 (KDR) above the median had longer PFS (12.6 months vs 9.1 months, P=… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26063633 · Grande et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT M541L1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Merkel Cell Carcinoma | Diagnostic | B | Does Not Support Positive | 3 | submitted | EID9698Study evaluated 42 cases with aggressive fibromatosis were genotyped for the M541L (c.1621 A>C; rs3822214) was evaluated and compared to gender- and age-matched 126 healthy controls. In 4/7 cases with… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21757432 · Grabellus et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEN1 FRAMESHIFT TRUNCATION1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Oncocytic CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | EID1695Two patients diagnosed with oncocytic thyroid carcinoma (hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma) were evaluated for MEN1 mutations. One tumor showed 592-end deletion of MEN1 and the other showed a 521 frames… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25625803 · Kasaian et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEN1 Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| JQ1 | Neuroendocrine Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9249Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the pancreas (PNETs) and bronchus (BNETs) have mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene, which encodes menin that modifies histones by interacti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28504695 · Lines et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET R988C + MET T1010I1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11370Patient small-cell lung cancer cells with c-MET juxtamembrane mutations (R988C or T1010I) were shown to have increased tyrosine phosphorylated cellular proteins such as paxillin, a focal adhesion cyto… (full text at CIViC) PMID 14559814 · Ma et al., 2003 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MGMT Underexpression1 | ||||||||
| Temozolomide | Neuroendocrine Tumor | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID2904Among those patients who received temozolomide-based therapy in this study, the median progression-free survival for patients whose tumors showed intact MGMT expression was 9.3 months compared with 19… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19118063 · Kulke et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MYC Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin + Olaparib + PrexasertibCombination | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID3003A preclinical study to evaluate the efficacy of targeting the overexpressed CHEK1 cell cycle chekpoint kinase, including both miRNA and Prexasertib-induced inhibition. Both in vitro and in vivo, Prexa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28490518 · Sen et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRAS Q613 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports N/A | 3 | accepted | EID497In patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma, those with mutations in NRAS at codon 61 did not have significantly different overall survival than patients with wild-type NRAS (p=0.36). PMID 22650231 · Fukahori et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID6959Follicular thyroid cancers harboring RAS mutations have limited aggressiveness in the absence of TERT mutations. 2/2 follicular thyroid cancer patients with co-mutations in NRAS (10 Q61R and 1 Q61K) o… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25448848 · Muzza et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | |||||||
| PPARG Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID498PAX8–PPARG gene fusions were found in 12/33 follicular thyroid carcinoma tumor samples, but were rarely found in thyroid Hürthle cell tumors. PMID 12727991 · Nikiforova et al., 2003 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PIK3CA P471L1 | ||||||||
| Idelalisib | Merkel Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID739A case report of an 86-year old patient with metastasized Merkel cell carcinoma who achieved a complete clinical response under therapy with the PI3K-inhibitor Idelalisib. PMID 26466009 · Shiver et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| RAD50 L1237F1 | ||||||||
| Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762 + IrinotecanCombination | Ureter Small Cell Neuroendocrine CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID5829A 51-year-old woman with an invasive small-cell cancer of the ureter showed a durable complete response at 3-years when treated with AZD7762 (an ATP-competitive checkpoint kinase inhibitor) and irinot… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24934408 · Al-Ahmadie et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| RB1 Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Chemotherapy | Lung Small Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1866Study evaluated a total of 50 small cell lung cancer patients with extensive stage disease. Multivariate analysis identified RB1 as a factor in predicting response to first-line chemotherapy (odds rat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26802149 · Dowlati et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 15 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| 5 |
| accepted |
EID656In patients with papillary thyroid cancer harboring both BRAF V600E and the TERT promotor mutation C228T (N=35), recurrence-free survival is worse than in patients harboring one of these mutations (N=… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25024077 · Xing et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID2137In a study of 102 papillary thyroid cancer patients with a 15 year median follow-up time, those with BRAF V600E mutations had reduced overall survival compared to those with wildtype BRAF (P=0.015, lo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18682506 · Elisei et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID9170Clinical study including 219 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) to determine a correlation between the BRAF V600E mutation and poor oncological outcome. This study found that 107 of the 219 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 16174717 · Xing et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID105BRAF mutation correlated with poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer in both older (>65 yo) and younger (<65 yo) cohorts. PMID 21594703 · Howell et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID106BRAF V600E is correlated with poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer in a study of 187 patients with PTC and other thyroid diseases. PMID 24396464 · He et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID107V600E is correlated with disease recurrence in both age cohorts (>65 and <65 yo). PMID 21594703 · Howell et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID2503In a meta-analysis of 8 studies, papillary thyroid cancer patients with BRAF V600E mutation had a higher frequency of recurrence and persistent disease compared to those with wildtype BRAF (28.5% vs.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21882184 · Kim et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (oncogenic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13013In transgenic mice with thyroid-specific expression of BRAF V600E, Tg-BRAF2 mice developed papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in 14 of 15 animals at 12 weeks and 13 of 14 animals at 22 weeks. These tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 15899815 · Knauf et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7761In a phase 2 trial, patients with radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma harboring BRAF mutation were treated with dabrafenib alone or combination with trametinib. 94% patients havd BRAF V… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7762In a phase 2 trial, patients with radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma harboring BRAF mutation were treated with dabrafenib alone or combination with trametinib. 94% of patients had BRAF… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13281In a single-center retrospective study of 10 patients with BRAF V600E-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib, 5/10 patients (50%; 95% CI 24–76%) achieved an objec… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40844731 · Ando et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib + Trametinib + VemurafenibCombination | Digestive System Neuroendocrine TumorALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1430BRAF mutations were identified in 9% of 108 cases of high-grade colorectal neuroendocrine tumors (80% V600E). Two patients were treated with a combination of BRAF and MEK inhibition and exhibited dura… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27048246 · Klempner et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dasatinib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3775In an in vitro study, K2, a papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line expressing the BRAFV600E mutation, was associated with sensitivity to dasatinib treatment. Sensitivity was determined by assessing cel… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23729178 · Henderson et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Vemurafenib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID9018Open label phase 2 (Clinical Level B) trial including patients from across the globe (USA, Italy, and the Netherlands) investigating sensitivity to Vemurafenib in patients that have BRAF V600E-positiv… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27460442 · Brose et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1591Open-label non-randomised phase 2 trial in patients with recurrent or metastatic BRAF V600E mutant papillary thyroid cancer refractory to radioactive iodine. Patients had (cohort 2) or had not (cohort… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27460442 · Brose et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1414A 73 year old patient with prior history of breast cancer presented with metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. After two treatments of I-131 a comprehensive tumor profile revealed BRAF V600E as the … (full text at CIViC) PMID 24987354 · Ali et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3773In a retrospective study of 17 papillary thyroid cancer patients, patients with BRAF V600E mutation (n=6) were associated with a 47% (7/15) partial response rate and a 53% (8/15) stable disease rate. PMID 25353071 · Dadu et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3774In a clinical trial (NCT01286753) of 55 cancer patients with BRAF V600E mutation, patients with metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (n=3) were associated with sensitivity to vemurafenib treatment. One… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23489023 · Kim et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Prognostic |
| B |
| Supports Poor Outcome |
| 2 |
| submitted |
EID7104Retrospective analysis of thyroid carcinoma patients from a single institution identified 33/58 patients with follicular carcinomas had any RAS mutations (NRAS, KRAS, or HRAS at codons 12 or 61), 22 o… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22650231 · Fukahori et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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