Gene

EGFR

epidermal growth factor receptor

Explore in graph →CI-GENE-00044375HGNC:3236 ENSG00000146648 NCBI 1956 CIViC Cancer geneApproved

Curated evidence

Clinical evidence (644)

CIViC items involving this gene, grouped by molecular profile and therapy, with native levels and directions. 50 items per page.

civicCuratedShowing 151–200 of 644 evidence items · levels, directions and significance as curated at the source; each row links to its CIViC record.

Therapy	Cancer	Type	Level	Direction · significance	Rating (1–5)	Status	Evidence	Source
EGFR EGFRVIII + SEPTIN14 FusionSEPTIN14 EGFR1
(oncogenic)	GlioblastomaCURATED_BROADER	Oncogenic	B

Cohorts

Alteration frequency by cohort (195)

Frequency = cases affected / cases profiled within one cohort. Cohorts are never pooled.

cbioportalObserved195 cohort rows (showing 50, sorted by frequency) · frequency = affected / profiled, as published by each cohort; cohorts are not pooled. Hover a row badge for its release.

Cohort	Mapped cancer	Alteration	Affected (n)	Profiled (n)	Frequency (%)	Rank in cohort	Source
Colorectal Cancer (MSK, Gastroenterology 2020) crc_apc_impact_2020	Colorectal Adenocarcinoma	Ssm

Literature

Linked publications (141)

25 per page, newest first.

pubmedPublishedShowing 1–25 of 141 publications · bibliographic data as recorded by PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced.

EGFR T790M resistance mutation in non small-cell lung carcinoma.
· Clin Chim Acta · 2015 · PMID 25668228 · validated civic_curation pubmed
Osimertinib: First Global Approval.
· Drugs · 2016 · PMID 26729184 · validated civic_curation pubmed
Osimertinib or Platinum-Pemetrexed in EGFR T790M-Positive Lung Cancer.
· N Engl J Med · 2017 · PMID 27959700 · validated civic_curation pubmed
U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval summary: Erlotinib for the first-line treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations.
· Oncologist · 2014 · PMID 24868098 · validated civic_curation

EGFR Exon 18 deletion1
Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	submitted	EID6038 Among 1,402 EGFR mutations, Del19, L858R, and Ins20 were detected in 40%, 47%, and 4%, respectively. Exon 18 mutations, including G719X, E709X, and Del18, were present in 3.2%. Transfected Ba/F3 cells… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26206867 · Kobayashi et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC	civic

EGFR Exon 18 deletion1

Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes

Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER

Predictive

Supports Sensitivity Response

submitted

EID6038

Among 1,402 EGFR mutations, Del19, L858R, and Ins20 were detected in 40%, 47%, and 4%, respectively. Exon 18 mutations, including G719X, E709X, and Del18, were present in 3.2%. Transfected Ba/F3 cells… (full text at CIViC)

PMID 26206867 · Kobayashi et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC

EGFR Exon 18 Mutation2
Befotertinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	submitted	EID12782 An in vitro study transformed Ba/F3 murine cells (IL-3 dependent lymphocyte model) with one of five uncommon EGFR mutations: Del18 (delE709_T710insD), E709K, G719A, S768I, and L861Q. The response to c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40940797 · Oiki et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC	civic
Firmonertinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	submitted	EID12781 An in vitro study transformed Ba/F3 murine cells (IL-3 dependent lymphocyte model) with one of five uncommon EGFR mutations: Del18 (delE709_T710insD), E709K, G719A, S768I, and L861Q. The response to c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40940797 · Oiki et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC	civic

EGFR Exon 19 Deletion21
Afatinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	A	Supports Sensitivity Response	5	accepted	EID2996 Afatinib, an irreversible inhibitor of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinases has been approved in the US for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who h… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23982599 · Dungo et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID880 A phase III clinical trial (NCT00949650) found that median progression free survival among patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion was 13.6 months for afatinib and 6.9 months for chemotherapy (HR, 0.47; 9… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23816960 · Sequist et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID981 Afatinib is an irreversible covalent inhibitor of EGFR (second generation). This Phase III clinical trial (LUX-Lung 6; NCT01121393) was performed in Asian patients with EGFR mutant advanced NSCLC. 364… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24439929 · Wu et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID983 In analysis of LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 trials (NCT00949650 and NCT01121393), of EGFR mutant NSCLC, median overall survival with afatinib treatment was seen to be significantly improved over chemothe… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25589191 · Yang et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID882 In a phase 2 study (NCT00525148), patients with lung adenocarcinoma (stage IIIb with pleural effusion or stage IV) and EGFR mutations, treated with afatinib, were assessed by objective response. In to… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22452895 · Yang et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	accepted	EID881 Stable HEK293 cell lines expressing mutant EGFR cDNAs were created (using a pQCLIN retroviral vector) and their drug sensitivities to afatinib were examined by MTT assay. Phorphorylation of EGFR was a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25862853 · Banno et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	accepted	EID969 Cells harboring an exon 19 deletion were sensitive to afatinib. This study performed drug response assays using five human NSCLC cell lines with various combinations of EGFR mutations. In order to dir… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26515464 · Hirano et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC	civic
Antigen-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Therapy	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	C	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	submitted	EID13095 A patient with stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR exon 19 deletion developed acquired resistance to osimertinib without an identified molecular resistance mechanism. The patient subsequen… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40959071 · Fu et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC	civic
Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Resistance	4	accepted	EID7586 In a multicenter retrospective study, the relationship between EGFR status in 171 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma and response to immune checkpoint blockade was examined. Immune checkpoint… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31086949 · Hastings et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC	civic
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Resistance	4	accepted	EID7587 In a multicenter retrospective study, the relationship between EGFR status in 171 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma and response to immune checkpoint blockade was examined. Immune checkpoint… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31086949 · Hastings et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC	civic
Dacomitinib + ErlotinibSubstitutes	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID4859 Non-small cell cancer patients from two studies [The ARCHER 1009 (NCT01360554) and A7471028 (NCT00769067)] with exon 19 deletion and L858R EGFR (Exon 21) mutations were pooled to compare the efficacy … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26768165 · Ramalingam et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC	civic
Deguelin	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	submitted	EID12205 Deguelin exhibits a potent inhibitory effect in gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells with exon 19 deletion (EGFR E746-A750). Both deguelin and gefitinib significantly suppressed EGFR kinase activity, redu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32081857 · Gao et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC	civic
Erlotinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	A	Supports Sensitivity Response	5	accepted	EID2995 On May 14, 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved erlotinib (Tarceva) for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epider… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24868098 · Khozin et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID884 A randomized phase 3 trial involving 173 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion or L858R mutation in exon 21) with no history of chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Patients were random… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22285168 · Rosell et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	C	Supports Sensitivity Response	—	accepted	EID4766 In a stage IV lung adenocarcinoma patient harboring EGFR exon 19 deletion, EGFR exon 19 deletion was associated with sensitivity to erlotinib monotherapy. Prior to identification of the EGFR exon 19 d… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27566387 · Kanemaru et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC	civic
Gefitinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID1666 90 NSCLC patients with stage IIIB/IV chemotherapy-resistant tumors were treated with gefitinib, and exon 19 deletion of EGFR was associated with longer time to treatment failure than those with wild-t… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18509184 · Yang et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID2519 In a phase 3 clinical trial of Korean, never-smoker, lung adenocarcinoma patients, a subset of patients with EGFR mutations (n=42) treated with gefitinib were associated with improved overall response… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22370314 · Han et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID6184 A Japanese Phase III clinical study assessed the noninferiority of gefitinib in comparison to erlotinib in 561 patients with postoperative or recurrent stage IIIB/IV lung adenocarcinoma. Patients were… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27022112 · Urata et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID273 Exon 19 deletion has been shown to be correlated with gefitinib response. PMID 16730237 · Ji et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC	civic
Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID413 NSCLC patients with exon 19 deletions in EGFR had longer overall survival than patients with an L858R mutation when treated with gefitinib or erlotinib (38 versus 17 months; P = 0.04). PMID 16818686 · Jackman et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC	civic
Afatinib + Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	submitted	EID12202 The goal of this study was to assess the frequency, overall survival, and classifying actionability of EGFR mutations in NSCLC within the Dutch population from 2013-2017. This study found that despite… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34298851 · Koopman et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC	civic

EGFR Exon 25 Deletion + EGFR Exon 26 Deletion + EGFR Exon 27 Deletion2
(functional)	—UNRESOLVED	Functional	D	Supports Gain Of Function	2	submitted	EID12686 In glioblastoma models expressing EGFR vIVa (lack of exons 25-27), a C-terminal deletion mutant that shows constitutive basal autophosphorylation and ligand-independent activation of ERK, AKT, and STA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20676128 · Pines et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC	civic
Tyrphostin AG 1478	GlioblastomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	D	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	submitted	EID12685 In glioblastoma models expressing EGFR vIVa (lack of exons 25-27), a C-terminal deletion mutant that shows constitutive basal autophosphorylation and ligand-independent activation of ERK, AKT, and STA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20676128 · Pines et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC	civic

EGFR Expression8
(prognostic)	Malignant Breast Neoplasm	Prognostic	D	Supports Poor Outcome	4	submitted	EID7445 91 cases of breast cancer were divided into two groups: pre and post-menopausal, with 47 in the first and 44 in the latter. The relationship between KI-67, a marker for increased proliferation, in com… (full text at CIViC) PMID 2372767 · Toi et al., 1990 · Open in CIViC	civic
Cetuximab	Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	4	accepted	EID1572 Patients with refractory colorectal cancer expressing immunohistochemically detectable EGFR were randomly assigned to receive treatment with cetuximab (n=287) or receive supportive care alone (n=285).… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18003960 · Jonker et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC	civic
〃	Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	1	accepted	EID1709 57 patients with chemorefractory colorectal cancer expressing EGFR (IHC staining) were treated with single-agent cetuximab in this phase 2 study. Five patients (9%; 95% CI, 3% to 19%) achieved a parti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 14993230 · Saltz et al., 2004 · Open in CIViC	civic
Erlotinib	Lung Adenocarcinoma	Predictive	C	Supports Sensitivity Response	—	submitted	EID4213 A phase 3 study of 889 advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients (with non-progressive disease while on standard chemotherapy treatment), reported that patients harboring EGFR mutation (exon 19 del… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21969500 · Brugger et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC	civic
Gefitinib	Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	3	accepted	EID4877 Double blind Phase II clinical trial evaluated 208 patients for efficacy of gefitinib against non-small cell lung cancer. For individuals taking 250mg/day, they observed an objective response rate of … (full text at CIViC) PMID 12748244 · Fukuoka et al., 2003 · Open in CIViC	civic
Lapatinib	Chordoma	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	accepted	EID1984 18 advanced progressing chordoma patients that were positive for EGFR by at least one technique (immunohistochemistry and/or phospho-arrays, real-time polymerase chain reaction for EGFR ligands, FISH)… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23559153 · Stacchiotti et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC	civic
3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy + Nimotuzumab + TemozolomideCombination	GlioblastomaCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	submitted	EID8299 A single-arm phase 2 trial evaluated the benefit of adding nimotuzumab to standard chemo-radiation treatment for GBM. 36 patients were evaluable for efficacy, all of whom had EGFR positive tumours by … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31289592 · Du et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC	civic
Panitumumab	Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER	Predictive	B	Supports Sensitivity Response	2	accepted	EID1708 463 patients with 1% or more EGFR tumor cell membrane staining, with metastatic CRC progressive after standard chemotherapy were randomized to panitumumab plus best supportive care (BSC, n = 231) or B… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17470858 · Van Cutsem et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC	civic