Cancer Family
Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000229Explore in graph →
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000229Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
1,218 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLH1 Q149*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1817MLH1 Q149* (c.445C > T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 65 year old female patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 Q426FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1807MLH1 Q426fs (c.1276del), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be a somatic mutation in a 46 year old male patient (patient id: sLS-5) with suspected Lync… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 R100*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1804R100* (c.298C > T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 46 year old female patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was t… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 R226*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1818MLH1 R226* (c.676C > T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 65 year old female patient (sLS-14) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 R265G1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1813MLH1 R265G (c.793C > G), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 65 year old female patient (id: sLS-10) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS).… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 R687FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1798MLH1 R687fs (c.2059del), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 33 year old male patient (patient id: sLS-3) with suspected Lynch Syndrome … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 T117M1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1806MLH1 T117M (c.350C > T), identified in three cases of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in patients with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patients were therefore… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 V213FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1814This variant (V213fs), identified in two cases of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in both patients (40 year-old female & 70 year-old male) with suspected Lynch S… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 V49A1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1808MLH1 V49A (c.146 T > C), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 68 year old female patient (id: sLS-7) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 V534R1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1791MLH1 V534R (c.1600_1601delinsAG), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be a somatic variant in a 27 year old male patient (id: sLS-24) with suspected Lyn… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH2 E28FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1827This variant (E28fs), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 66 year-old male patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH2 K172*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1834MSH2 K172*, identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 66 year old male patient (id: sLS-32) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient wa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH2 V273FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1826This variant (V273fs), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be a somatic mutation in a 61 year-old male patient (sLS-27) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (L… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH3 K383fs1 | ||||||||
| 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin + OxaliplatinSubstitutes | Colon Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9089To assess the effects of MSH3 status on chemosensitivity, MSH3-deficient and MSH3-proficient HCT116 cells were treated with oxaliplatin, SN-38 (irinotecan metabolite), and 5-FU. Parental MSH3-deficien… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23724141 · Park et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH6 I891FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1829This variant (I891fs), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 79 year-old male patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was t… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH6 I972F1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | submitted | EID1819This variant, identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was therefore negative for LS. … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH6 P138T1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1825This variant, identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was therefore negative for LS. PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH6 R1242C1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1840MSH6 R1242C (c.3724C > T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 53 year old male patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH6 R1242H1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1831This variant (R1242H), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 79 year-old male patient (sLS-37) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The pati… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| High4 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID12039This study looked specifically at the prognostic significance of Microsatellite Instability High (MSI-H) in sporadic Australian Clinico Pathological Stage C colorectal cancer in patients from a single… (full text at CIViC) PMID 10971428 · Wright et al., 2000 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dostarlimab | Rectal CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID1236847 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were treated with dostarlimab. 41 completed treatment and achieved a clinical complete response. No patients experienced local or distant disease recurr… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| Ipilimumab/Nivolumab Regimen | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | ||||||
| B2M Mutation + JAK1 Mutation + JAK2 Mutation + HighB2MJAK1JAK21 | ||||||||
| Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID12150Thirty-five MSI-H/dMMR patients were treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. Of the 35 patients, 10 patients harboured B2M mutations, and 8 patients harboured JAK mutations. A low TMB score was noted in patie… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35343934 · Zhang et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MTHFR A222V2 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Rectal CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1757Patients with the wild type (C/C) MTHFR gene are 2.91 times (95% CI: [1.23, 6.89]) more likely to have a positive response to neoadjuvant CRT and 3.25 times more likely not to experience relapse (95%… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26693073 · Nikas et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID669The MTHFR C667T variant was associated with significantly lower relapse-free survival and overall survival in stomach cancer patients treated with 5-Fluorouracil-based therapies. 116 Chinese patients … (full text at CIViC) PMID 18704422 · Huang et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MYC Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Ibrutinib | Esophageal Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID6928This study found the clinical BTK/ERBB2 kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, downregulated ERK-mediated signal transduction, cMYC Ser-62 phosphorylation and levels of MYC protein, and elicited G1 cell cycle a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28830912 · Chong et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MYC Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Ganetespib | Esophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID10151Collectively data from expression analysis of 102 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) sample tissues established MYC and HSP90 as potential targets with overexpression of MYC observed in over ha… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32308431 · Guan et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NCOA3 Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Anti-PDL1 Therapy + PD-1 Ligand InhibitorSubstitutes | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12626In a retrospective cohort analysis of colon adenocarcinoma treated with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors from the MSKCC ICIs-treated COAD dataset (n = 76; NCOA3-mutant n = 7, NCOA3-wild-type n … (full text at CIViC) PMID 40215778 · Liu et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NEDD9 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1059IHC was performed in 123 hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and their adjacent normal liver tissues for protein expression of HEF1 (NEDD9). Overexpression of HEF1 protein was observed in HCC tissue when… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26893853 · Li et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NME1 Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13318shRNA-mediated NME1 knockdown significantly increased fluorouracil sensitivity in HCT-116, HT-29, and SW620 colorectal cancer cells. The study reports 4- to 13-fold decreases in IC50 across the NME1, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NOTCH1 Amplification2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID812NOTCH1 amplifications (as determined by FISH) were significantly (log-rank p = 0.025) associated with worse survival in a cohort of 116 patients with colorectal cancer. PMID 26152787 · Arcaroli et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NOTCH1 Antibody (PF-06293622) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID811NOTCH1 copy-number gain in a patient-derived tumor xenograft model of colorectal cancer, was associated with increased NOTCH1 and JAG1 activity and response to a NOTCH1-targeting antibody (PF-06293622… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26152787 · Arcaroli et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NOTCH3 Overexpression2 | ||||||||
| Tarextumab | Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7001Notably, the antitumor efficacy of OMP-59R5 in combination with gemcitabine was significantly associated with expression of human Notch3 gene in pancreatic cancer. Tumors that were more sensitive to t… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25934888 · Yen et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Rectal CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7002Finally, treatment of CRC cells with anti-Notch2/3 antibody increased Numb protein while significantly reducing formation of spheroids in both MICOL-14tum cells and primary tumor cultures. This novel … (full text at CIViC) PMID 24525742 · Pastò et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF D594G + BRAF V600E + KRAS MutationBRAFKRAS1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11060The Medical Research Council (MRC) COIN trial consisted of patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, inoperable metastatic or locoregional measurable disease, and w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21641636 · Maughan et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Amplification + MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Prognostic | C | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID11381A 27-year old male patient displayed poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma and massive malignant ascites. Shortly after his diagnosis, the patient died. After genomic sequencing, it was shown t… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26375439 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NPTXR Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin + FluorouracilCombination | Gastric CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12774In preclinical gastric carcinoma models, NPTXR overexpression conferred sensitivity to NPTXR-targeted therapy. In xenograft mouse models of gastric cancer (MKN1; n = 3–4 mice per group), treatment wi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32847597 · Kanda et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NQO1 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| NSC84167 | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID12560In preclinical pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) models with high NQ01 expression, which indicates the NFE2L2 (NRF2) pathway activation, the small molecule NSC84167 (NSLC01, 50 mg/kg) selectivel… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34247201 · Dai et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NR2F2 OVEREXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID6461Statistical analysis showed that the inverse relationship between COUP-TF II and SMAD4 expression was shown in 112 different patients with Colorectal Cancer(CRC)(45 COUP-TF II-positive/SMAD4-negative … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26261604 · Wang et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NR4A2 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| C-DIM 12 + GemcitabineCombination | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID12649In pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa2 and Panc1, gemcitabine 1 μmol/L induced NR4A2/NURR1 expression and triggered cytoprotective autophagy, while both CRISPR-mediated NR4A2 knockout and the NR4A2 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 35582016 · Zarei et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ATG12 Overexpression + ATG7 Overexpression + NR4A2 OverexpressionNR4A2ATG7ATG121 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID12650In a retrospective TCGA PDAC (tumors n = 179, normals n = 171), high ATG7 expression was significantly associated with poorer survival on Kaplan–Meier analysis (P = 0.013), and high ATG12 expression s… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35582016 · Zarei et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRAS G12C4 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3846In an in vitro study, an OXCO-2 cell line expressing NRAS G12C mutation demonstrated acquired resistance after low level cetuximab exposure compared to OXCO-2 parental cells expressing NRAS wild-type.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24553387 · Misale et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID3845Two patients participating in a large retrospective trial of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had tumors which harbored NRAS G12C and were wild type for KRAS, PIK3CA, an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | ||||||||
| NRAS G12D4 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | accepted | EID3693In a retrospective study of 148 treatment naive metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with RAS mutations (n=10), including KRAS A146T, KRAS G13D, NRAS G12D and NRAS Q179*, treated with FOLFO… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25666295 · Kaczirek et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3691In an in vitro study, an OXCO-2 cell line expressing NRAS G12D mutation demonstrated acquired resistance after low level cetuximab exposure compared to OXCO-2 parental cells expressing NRAS wild-type.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24553387 · Misale et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm | |||||||
Data updated 12 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| A |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 4 |
| accepted |
EID12561In the phase III randomized open-label CheckMate 8HW trial (NCT04008030; n = 303, 255 centrally confirmed MSI-H/dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer), nivolumab plus ipilimumab significantly improved pro… (full text at CIViC) PMID 39602630 · Andre et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID12562In the phase III randomized open-label CheckMate 8HW trial (NCT04008030; n = 707 randomized; centrally confirmed MSI-H/dMMR: n = 296 nivolumab+ipilimumab vs 286 nivolumab) showed nivolumab plus ipilim… (full text at CIViC) PMID 39874977 · André et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER |
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| — |
| rejected |
EID2211NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC |
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| Selumetinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2214NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| D |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| submitted |
EID3692In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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| Cetuximab + IrinotecanCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID2002One patient participating in a large retrospective trial of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had a tumor which harbored NRAS G12D and was wild type for KRAS, PIK3CA, and… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |