Subtype
Malignant Neoplasm of Unknown Primary
CI-CAN-00001150CUPExplore in graph →
- NCIt
- C8566
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Subtype
CI-CAN-00001150CUPExplore in graph →
Variants & evidence
1,035 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS Mutation3 | ||||||||
| Refametinib + SorafenibCombination | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1642Phase 2 study in Asian patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. 70 patients received refametinib (BAY 86-9766) plus sorafenib as study treatment. A retrospective biomarker analysis was per… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25294897 · Lim et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Salirasib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1218In a study of 30 lung adenocarcinoma patients with documented KRAS mutations, farnesylthiosalicylic acid (Salirasib) mono-therapy resulted in no partial responses and did not improve overall survival … (full text at CIViC) PMID 21847063 · Riely et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186 + SCH772984Combination | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1003Inhibition of ERK in 11 KRAS mutant pancreatic cancer cell lines with SCH772984 was more effective than MEK Inhibition. Combined Treatment with PI3K Inhibitor AZD8186 was more effective than either ag… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26725216 · Hayes et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS Q22*1 | ||||||||
| Panitumumab | Colon Mucinous Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID1131A 43-year-old female was diagnosed with an adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and received 6-months of adjuvant chemotherapy. After 5 years of completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, the disease relap… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19661358 · Palmirotta et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS RS617643701 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID872In the retrospective analysis of 103 HNSSC, the TG/GG rs61764370 variant was associated with poor response to cisplatin (log-rank P = 0.002).There seemed to be some improvement when cetuximab was adde… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25081901 · Chung et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS Wildtype1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11057The Medical Research Council (MRC) COIN trial consisted of patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, inoperable metastatic or locoregional measurable disease, and w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21641636 · Maughan et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LGR5 delta51 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Oral Cavity Squamous Cell CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID9621In a clinical trial including 78 patients, expression of delta5 is significantly associated with decreased OS (p = 0.02) and DFS (p = 0.01) by multivariate analysis. PMID 30770730 · Rot et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID2960A gene fusion between exon 11 of LMNA and exon 10 of NTRK1 was observed in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer after therapy with first-line FOLFOX, second-line FOLFIRI/cetuximab, and third-li… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26546295 · Russo et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion + NTRK1 G595R + NTRK1 G667C1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID2961A gene fusion between exon 10 of NTRK1 and exon 11 of the LMNA genes was observed in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer after therapy with first-line FOLFOX, second-line FOLFIRI/cetuximab, an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26546295 · Russo et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LRP1B Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID12652In a retrospective LUAD cohort treated with PD-1 plus CTLA-4 blockade (n = 59; LRP1B-MT n = 15, LRP1B-WT n = 44), LRP1B-mutated tumors showed significantly longer PFS (log-rank p = 0.0016), along with… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37057124 · He et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | submitted | EID13048A retrospective study of tumors sequenced through the Veterans Health Administration National Precision Oncology Program identified NTRK rearrangements in 25 of 22,450 solid tumors. Twelve patients wi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36926986 · Zhou et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | submitted | EID13058Xu et al. retrospectively analyzed paired pre- and post-EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor samples from 3,873 patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and identified an acquired LRRC71::NTRK1 fusion … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31372039 · Xu et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAGEH1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Gemcitabine | Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID95010 biliary tract carcinoma cell lines were sorted based on their gemcitabine sensitivity. MAGEH1 protein expression was negatively correlated with sensitivity. In a clinical validation cohort, MAGEH p… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20088962 · Ojima et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 K57N2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID2935In a study of 6,024 lung adenocarcinomas, 36 conferred MEK1 mutations whereby 64% (n=23) were K57N and 19% (n=7) were Q56P. Median overall survival of MEK1-mutated tumors was not significantly differe… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25351745 · Arcila et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Selumetinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID2936Mutational profiling of 207 lung adenocarcinomas identified in 2 of with activating mutation in exon 2 of MEK1 (K57N) in the nonkinase portion of the kinase. Neither of these two tumors harbored known… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18632602 · Marks et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 Q56_V60del1 | ||||||||
| Selumetinib | Ovarian Serous AdenocarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1661Case report of a 51-year old patient with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer. Selumetinib treatment in a phase-II trial led to a complete and durable response > 5 years. Sequencing (MSK-IMPACT … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26324360 · Grisham et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K2 G132D1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID7732In this case report, a 66-year old woman with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated with trametinib for a BRAF in-frame-deletion and TP53 mutation and achieved an initial partial response for c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29903880 · Aguirre et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K2 G132S1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID7733In this case report, a 66-year old woman with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated with trametinib for a BRAF in-frame-deletion and TP53 mutation and achieved an initial partial response for c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29903880 · Aguirre et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAPK1 E278E1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4607A stage IVA head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient with MAPK1 E322K mutation was reported to be sensitive to erlotinib treatment. The patient was treated with erlotinib monotherapy daily for 13… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26181029 · Van Allen et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAPK1 E322K2 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID791Case report of a patient with stage IVA HNSCC with near-complete histologic response after 13 days of neoadjuvant erlotinib. Whole-exome sequencing of the pre-treatment tumor revealed a MAPK1 E322K mu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26181029 · Van Allen et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4797In an in vitro study, a HSC-6 cell line expressing MAPK1 E322K mutation was associated with sensitivity to erlotinib treatment, compared to Cal33 cells expressing wild-type MAPK1. Sensitivity was dete… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27004400 · Wen et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MDM2 RS348863281 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Esophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID1636124 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with radical resection were genotyped using MassArray. Patients with the DEL/A +AA genotype of MDM2 rs34886328 had a notably increased overall survival… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27414035 · Li et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEN1 FRAMESHIFT TRUNCATION1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Oncocytic CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | EID1695Two patients diagnosed with oncocytic thyroid carcinoma (hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma) were evaluated for MEN1 mutations. One tumor showed 592-end deletion of MEN1 and the other showed a 521 frames… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25625803 · Kasaian et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEN1 Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| JQ1 | Neuroendocrine Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9249Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the pancreas (PNETs) and bronchus (BNETs) have mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene, which encodes menin that modifies histones by interacti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28504695 · Lines et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Amplification7 | ||||||||
| Cabozantinib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7873Cabozantinib's effect on cell proliferation was studied in a variety of cell lines. In two gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines with MET amplification (SNU-5 and Hs746T) were the most sensitive to caboz… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21926191 · Yakes et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1692In an evaluation of a patient with crizotinib-sensitive lung adenocarcinoma, an MET-Amplification was identified using CGP. The patient attained a reduction in the target lesions by 38.7%, and the pa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25922291 · Le et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | |||
| MET Amplification + MET Splice Site (c.2888_2919del)1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID11462A 76-year old male (non-smoker) presented with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with metastatic disease in the lung and thoracic vertebra (T2). Next-generation sequencing revealed a MET exon 14 skipping m… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27257131 · Liu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Amplification + MYC AmplificationMETMYC2 | ||||||||
| Capmatinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID11420An 82-year old male (smoker: 60 pack-years) was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. Initial tumor tissue testing revealed MET amplification (GCN = 13.5). The patient was enrolled in a phase 2 trial an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36248327 · Choi et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Capmatinib + ICX-101Sequential | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11421A patient diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma had cells cultured to create patient-derived cell lines. Such cells exhibited MET amplification and showed overexpression of MYC. Capmatinib was administer… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36248327 · Choi et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ALK Amplification + MET Amplification + ROS1 AmplificationALKROS1MET1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11386Lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (H3122: EML4-ALK E13:A20, HCC78: SLC34A2-ROS1, H1993: MET amplification, and H596: MET exon 14 skipping) with putative crizotinib-sensitive genotypes were analyzed with … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26791794 · Jorge et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 Amplification + MET AmplificationERBB2MET1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 5 | submitted | EID11372This study contained 230 patients presenting with untreated lung adenocarcinoma. Tumor and matched normal material were analyzed via whole-exome sequencing. It was shown that ~62% of samples contained… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25079552 · 2014, Nature · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Amplification + MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation + ALK Fusion + ROS1 FusionMETALKROS11 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID1138569 patients with lung adenocarcinoma from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center had their cancers submitted for genomic profiling to identify crizotinib-sensitive genomic events. There were 7 cases tha… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26791794 · Jorge et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET D1010H2 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4792In a lung adenocarcinoma patient harboring MET D1028H mutation, a partial response to crizotinib treatment was reported with continued response for at least 6 months. Prior to crizotinib treatment, th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25898962 · Waqar et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4793In a lung adenocarcinoma patient harboring a MET D1010H mutation, stable disease to crizotinib monotherapy was reported. The patient was treated with crizotinib for 4 months; treatment was ongoing at … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27343443 · Schrock et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET D1010N2 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4780In a lung adenocarcinoma patient with a MET D1010_splice mutation, a partial response to crizotinib treatment was reported with a 45.1% decrease in tumor measurement by RECIST v1.1. The patient experi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26791794 · Jorge et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4781In a metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma patient harboring a MET D1010N mutation, MET D1010N mutation was associated with response to crizotinib monotherapy. The patient maintained initial respons… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27022036 · Heist et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET D1010Y1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4778In a lung adenocarcinoma patient harboring a MET D1010Y mutation, a partial response to crizotinib monotherapy was reported. The patient was treated with crizotinib for 7 months; treatment was ongoing… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27343443 · Schrock et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation8 | ||||||||
| Cabozantinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID11400A 77-year-old Caucasian woman (previous smoker) was diagnosed with stage IV adenocarcinoma with pleural disease. Initial genetic testing showed wild-type EGFR and ALK. She received six cycles of carbo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30762593 · Wang et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Capmatinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1186A patient with MET c.3028+1G>T mutation (METex14) had partial response (tumor reduction of 61%) after 13 months capmatinib. MET gene copy number was four, MET FISH 13.8 copy number, and IHC 3+. PMID 25971938 · Frampton et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | ||
Data updated 10 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| submitted |
EID11383A 72-year old woman (former smoker: 12 pack-years) with advanced lung adenocarcinoma received 250 mg of crizotinib twice daily after first line chemotherapy with carboplatin, pemetrexed, and maintenan… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26791794 · Jorge et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID836Case report of a patient with MET amplification without high-level MET/CEP7 ratio, MET exon 14 mutation or overexpression who achieved rapid response to crizotinib. PMID 26724472 · Zhang et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID890Case report of a 73 year old patient with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung that tested negative for EGFR, KRAS and PIK3CA mutations and ALK and ROS1 rearrangements. c-MET amplification was… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24192513 · Schwab et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID1392155 patients with lung adenocarcinomas underwent rebiopsy and genotyping (EGFR, AKT1, BRAF, ERBB2, KRAS, MEK1, NRAS, PIK3CA and FISH for MET and HER2) after the development of acquired resistance to E… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23470965 · Yu et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Onartuzumab | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID689A case-study describing a patient with MET polysomy, MET over-expression and evidence of autocrine HGF-production (the growth factor ligand of MET). The patient initially achieved a complete response … (full text at CIViC) PMID 22389872 · Catenacci et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
EID11417A 65-year old female (non-smoker) presented with right leg pain and edema. Percutaneous needle biopsy was performed on a mass-like lesion that appeared in a chest x-ray and revealed moderately differe… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36072511 · Kim et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC |
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| Carboplatin/Pemetrexed Regimen + PembrolizumabCombination | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11487An 81-year old man (smoker: 40 cigarettes/day) presented with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. No genetic variants appeared on first round genetic testing on the Oncomine Dx Target TEst Multi-CDx syste… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37007311 · Nitta et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID797We now report responses to the MET inhibitors crizotinib and cabozantinib in four patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinomas harboring mutations leading to MET exon 14 skipping. PMID 25971939 · Paik et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1185A single patient with a MET c.3028G>A (splice donor site of exon 14) mutation exhibited clinical sensitivity to the c-Met inhibitor crizotinib. Exon 14 skipping was detected using qRT-PCR. Response to… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26729443 · Awad et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11384A 68-year old woman (former smoker: 24 pack-years) was diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Genomic profiling yielded MET exon 14 skipping mutation (c.e14 1 G>A), PIK3CA mutation (c.1624 G>A),… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26791794 · Jorge et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11395A 59-year old woman was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma after a 15 cm right upper lobe lung mass was found with multiple lymph nodes and pleural nodules. Next-generation sequencing revealed a MET e… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30553716 · Rotow et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |