Cancer Family
Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000001Explore in graph →
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000001Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
8,141 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APC Mutation + CTNNB1 Activating MutationAPCCTNNB11 | ||||||||
| Nirogacestat | Desmoid FibromatosisALIAS | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID12023In a phase 3 trial (NCT03785964) involving 142 adults with progressing desmoid tumors, the gamma-secretase inhibitor nirogacestat demonstrated a significant progression-free survival benefit compared … (full text at CIViC) PMID 36884323 · Gounder et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRG1 Fusion + KRAS WildtypeNRG1KRAS1 | ||||||||
| Afatinib | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID7493Whole genome sequencing and transcriptomic analysis were performed on 47 advanced PDAC patients. 3/47 patients were KRAS wildtype and all three of these cases harbored a NRG1 fusion. In a 54-year-old … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31068372 · Jones et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARAF Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Cobimetinib | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11297In an open-label, phase II trial, 18 patients with histiocytosis, including two patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis, of any mutational status were enrolled. Patients received cobimetinib at a … (full text at CIViC) PMID 30867592 · Diamond et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARAF Mutation + ARAF P216A + ARAF S225V1 | ||||||||
| Cobimetinib | Erdheim-Chester Disease | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11296In an open-label, phase II trial, 18 patients with histiocytosis, including 12 patients with Erdheim-Chester disease, one patient with ARAF S225V, and one patient with ARAF P216A, of any mutational st… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30867592 · Diamond et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARAF S214C4 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | accepted | EID11147194 somatic mutations seen in primary lung cancers were functionally evaluated using three approaches: (1) differences in pattern or extent of changes in gene expression in A549 cells induced by trans… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27478040 · Berger et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID17In one patient with S214C mutation, the use of sorafenib has led to more than 5 years of survival and near remission. PMID 24569458 · Imielinski et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports | ||||
| ARAF S214F1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | accepted | EID11146194 somatic mutations seen in primary lung cancers were functionally evaluated using three approaches: (1) differences in pattern or extent of changes in gene expression in A549 cells induced by trans… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27478040 · Berger et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARAF V145L1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Does Not Support Oncogenicity | 3 | accepted | EID11148194 somatic mutations seen in primary lung cancers were functionally evaluated using three approaches: (1) differences in pattern or extent of changes in gene expression in A549 cells induced by trans… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27478040 · Berger et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR AR alternative transcripts2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID12402Analysing 101 samples of metastatic prostate cancer biopsy, a high friequency of structural variants in the AR gene were identified (23/101), comprising a heterogeneous mix of deletion, inversion, tra… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31932493 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Abiraterone + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9578In a clinical study including 168 patients treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide, a multivariate analysis including tumor burden and TP53 status show no significant correlation between AR-V1, AR-V2… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30209161 · De Laere et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR AR-V716 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID12376Analysis was performed on 224 advanced prostate cancer (PCA) patient samples which had clinical outcome information. Elevated PSA levels in patients after radical prostatectomy are associated with me… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19244107 · Guo et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | accepted | EID12258Using a panel of three androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines (C-81, CWR-R1 and 22Rv1), a novel AR protein isoform was identified. This protein was found to be encoded by three novel alternat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19244107 · Guo et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | |||
| AREG Expression6 | ||||||||
| Unspecified therapy | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | rejected | EID84747 HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab/docetaxel were retrospectively analyzed for EGFRvIII, EGFR and AREG expression with IHC. 45% of cases expressed high level of AREG. High AREG expression in tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21653686 · Tinhofer et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID788226 cetuximab-treated patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed for mRNA expression (by qPCR) of EGFR and its ligands (EGF, TGFA, AREG and EREG). High AREG mRNA expression in KRAS wild type … (full text at CIViC) PMID 23374602 · Pentheroudakis et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + DocetaxelCombination | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | |||||||
| AR F877L1 | ||||||||
| Apalutamide + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID447Mutations F876L in the ligand binding domain of the androgen receptor confered resistance to enzalutamide and ARN-509, causing these compounds to function as partial agonists in two prostate cancer ce… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23779130 · Joseph et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib | GlioblastomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID12606In the STARTRK-NG Phase 1/2 trial of entrectinib in pediatric patients, with extracranial solid tumors or primary CNS tumors, aged <22 years with relapsed or refractory disease, tumors with fusions… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35395680 · Desai et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Loss3 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID13135Ovarian clear cell carcinoma is a relatively chemotherapy-refractory ovarian cancer subtype with a comparatively stable genome and a well-recognized association with endometriosis, but the somatic alt… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20942669 · Wiegand et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Atezolizumab + Nivolumab + PembrolizumabSubstitutes | Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID6399Treatment with anti-PD-L1 antibody reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival of mice bearing ARID1A-deficient but not ARID1A-wild-type ovarian tumors. ARID1A deficiency contributes to impaired MMR a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29736026 · Shen et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Malignant Liver Neoplasm | Predictive | ||||||
| ARID1A Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11907This study sequenced 73 DLBCL tumors (34 with matched constitutional DNA) and reported 322 genes they deemed recurrently mutated. Only genes that have been confirmed by other similar studies were adde… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23292937 · Zhang et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Q185*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Burkitt Lymphoma | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11813Reported as significantly mutated in BL per the cited study. An arbitrarily selected variant from the study is included here. PMID 30617194 · Grande et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Q456*1 | ||||||||
| Dasatinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID4487In an in vitro study, human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 cell line was made to homozygously express ARID1A Q546* via adeno-associated virus-mediated somatic gene targeting. Compared to the paren… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27364904 · Miller et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Underexpression2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID5676This study included 290 patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma whose tumor tissues were sampled and then analyzed. These samples were then divided according to ARID1A expression after immunohis… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25628030 · Park et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Prognostic | D | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID5675In this study, real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays were used in 66 pairs of cancerous and matched adjacent normal tissues. In 43 of those pairs, the expression level of ARID1A was significantly lower… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22808142 · Wang et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID2 R1273* (c.3817C>T)1 | ||||||||
| (predisposing) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predisposing | D | Supports Predisposition | 3 | submitted | EID8051Mutation of ARID2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is often seen. There is about 6/16 of the truncated mutations found at the C2H2 domain (zinc finger) and about 16/24 mutations show that this domain… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32071245 · Jiang et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Bicalutamide + Cyproterone Acetate + Flutamide + NilutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID1521In a study of 150 patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), 71.3% of cases (n=107) harbored androgen receptor (AR) pathway aberrations. Within the AR mutation cohort, 78… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26000489 · Robinson et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR OVEREXPRESSION2 | ||||||||
| Bicalutamide + LeuprolideCombination | Malignant Salivary Gland NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID6953In this single institution, open-label, single arm, phase II Trial, salivary gland carcinomas, staining positive for androgen receptor expression on IHC (minimum of 1% tumor cells), were treated with … (full text at CIViC) PMID 29211833 · Fushimi et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | Malignant Breast Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID859In-vitro and xenograft studies of response of breast cancer cell lines to PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 showed that sensitivity correlated with expression of the androgen receptor (AR). Reintroductio… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24356815 · Wang et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR Overexpression of AR-V91 | ||||||||
| Abiraterone | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9491In a clinical study including 78 patients with metastatic CRPC, multivariate analyses show that overexpression of AR-V9 is significantly correlated to primary resistance to abiraterone (p = 0.02). PMID 28473535 · Kohli et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR SPLICE VARIANT 71 | ||||||||
| Abiraterone + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | rejected | EID1126In 31enzalutamide-treated and 31 abiraterone-treated patients, detectable levels of AR-V7 was associated with resistance in these patients with castration resistant prostate cancer. PMID 25184630 · Antonarakis et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 22 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID40Sorafenib can inhibit ARF-mediated MEK phosphorylation and soft agar colony formation of AALE cells expressing ARAF S214C in vitro. PMID 24569458 · Imielinski et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC |
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| Trametinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID41Trametinib can inhibit ARF-mediated ERK phosphorylation and soft agar colony formation of AALE cells expressing ARAF S214C in vitro. PMID 24569458 · Imielinski et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| accepted |
EID12259Seven novel AR isoforms were identified through the examination of cryptic exon splicing at exon 3 of the AR gene. All seven isoforms encode truncated AR proteins, lacking the ligand binding domain. T… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19117982 · Hu et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | accepted | EID12465To compare the activity of AR-V7 with that of full-length AR (AR-FL) lentiviral stable cell lines of castrate-resistant prostate cancer were generated that expressed doxycycline-regulated AR-V7 or AR-… (full text at CIViC) PMID 38687617 · Han et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Abiraterone Acetate | Malignant Salivary Gland NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID6954Case Report of a Patient with metastatic salivary gland cancer with androgen receptor overexpression under treatment with abiraterone. The patient experienced stable disease for 6 months. Analysis of … (full text at CIViC) PMID 29897400 · Cappelletti et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Abiraterone + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID9547This multicenter clinical trial study (PROPHECY) enrolled 118 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) on Abiraterone or Enzalutamide treatment. The Johns Hopkins Universi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30865549 · Armstrong et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9553In a prospective clinical trial including 149 patients starting abiraterone or enzalutamide treatment AR-V7 expression is associated with worse PSA PFS, PFS and OS ( p < 0.001) in the overall cohort (… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28384066 · Antonarakis et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID12463A cross-sectional cohort study was performed in 161 men with metastatic prostate cancer undergoing a change in treatment to determine if pre-therapy AR-V7 nuclear protein expression in circulating tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27262168 · Scher et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID12464A blinded, multi-institutional cohort study was performed in 142 men with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer to determine if pre-therapy nuclear-localized expression of AR-V7 protein in … (full text at CIViC) PMID 29955787 · Scher et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID9548A clinical study including 37 patients with mCRPC commencing abiraterone or enzalutamide treatment shows no significant changes in PSA PFS response when AR-V7 is expressed (p = 0.4). The same result i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29398263 · To et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cabazitaxel | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9552In a retrospective clinical study including 29 patients treated with cabazitaxel, AR-V7 expression is not significantly correlated with PSA response change (p = 0.6) or PFS (p = 0.8) or OS (p = 0.4 ).… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26188394 · Onstenk et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Enzalutamide | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9554In a prospective clinical trial including 28 patients treated with enzalutamide, AR-V7 expression is significantly correlated with primary resistance (p = 0.018). PMID 24882673 · Efstathiou et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Abiraterone + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9555In a prospective clinical trial including 37 patients treated with enzalutamide or abiraterone, AR-V7 expression is significantly associated with non PSA response to any subsequent treatment ( p < 0.0… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31289619 · Steinestel et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9576In a clinical study including 37 patients treated with taxanes or enzalutamide and abiraterone: - AR-V7 is associated with resistance to enzalutamide and abiraterone, but its relevance in the context … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26181238 · Antonarakis et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID863This prospective study enrolled 31 Enzalutamide-treated (group 1) and 31 Abiraterone-treated (group 2) patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC). AR-V7 variant was detected… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25184630 · Antonarakis et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Enzalutamide + GaleteroneSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9549In a clinical study including 38 AR-V7 positive patients treated with Galeterone (19) and Enzalutamide (19), PSA50 response rates is 13% for Galeterone and 42% for Enzalutamide. | civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| 2 |
| accepted |
EID84647 HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab/docetaxel were retrospectively analyzed for EGFRvIII, EGFR and AREG expression with IHC. 45% of cases expressed high level of AREG. High AREG expression in tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21653686 · Tinhofer et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC |
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| Crizotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID781Five patients with acquired resistance to crizotinib showed high concentration of amphiregulin in malignant pleural effusions. PMID 23344087 · Kim et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID780A cell line (DFCI076) with EML1-ALK fusion and resistance mutation L1152R showed no response to ALK inhibition with crizotinib or TAE684. There was co-dependancy on AKT and EGFR-signaling and inhibiti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21791641 · Sasaki et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Panitumumab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1020Prospectively planned retrospective biomarker study in archived tumor tissue from 323 patients from the PICCOLO trial (panitumumab plus irinotecan in CRC patients with KRAS wt). Tumors were classified… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26867820 · Seligmann et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| D |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID7328Arid1a-deficiency activates Ang2-dependent angiogenesis and promotes HCC progression. Loss of Arid1a in HCCs confers sensitivity to Ang2 blockade and sorafenib treatment. PMID 29113912 · Hu et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC |
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