Cancer Family
Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cell Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000023Explore in graph →
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000023Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
2,011 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS G12A2 | ||||||||
| Melphalan | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2013In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12483530 · Rowley et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2014In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16497971 · Hoang et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12C6 | ||||||||
| Melphalan | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | rejected | EID2258In a study of patients receiving melphalan-based therapy, those with KRAS codon 12 mutations were less likely to have a positive response than those with wildtype KRAS (26.9% vs. 58.3%, P=0.015). PMID 19284554 · Greco et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2259Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11524732 · Bezieau et al., 2001 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | ||
| KRAS G12D7 | ||||||||
| Melphalan | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | rejected | EID2247In a study of patients receiving melphalan-based therapy, those with KRAS codon 12 mutations were less likely to have a positive response than those with wildtype KRAS (26.9% vs. 58.3%, P=0.015). PMID 19284554 · Greco et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2248Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11524732 · Bezieau et al., 2001 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | ||
| KRAS G12S6 | ||||||||
| Melphalan | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | rejected | EID2274In a study of patients receiving melphalan-based therapy, those with KRAS codon 12 mutations were less likely to have a positive response than those with wildtype KRAS (26.9% vs. 58.3%, P=0.015). PMID 19284554 · Greco et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2275Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11524732 · Bezieau et al., 2001 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | ||
| KRAS G131 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Multiple Myeloma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID488In a retrospective study of 439 patients with multiple myeloma enrolled in a clinical trial, 28 had mutations in KRAS (22/28 in G12/G13). Those with KRAS (but not NRAS) mutations had worse overall (me… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18528420 · Chng et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS Mutation2 | ||||||||
| (predisposing) | Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia | Predisposing | D | Supports Likely Pathogenic | 3 | submitted | EID7166Plays a causative role in leukemogenesis. RAS existed in a GTP-bound state in greater abundance than wild type, leading to increased phosphorylation of ERK (Fig. 2) Identified as oncogenic alleles in … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19075190 · Tyner et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11960This study performed exome sequencing on 55 DLBCL tumor samples and identified several significantly mutated genes including KRAS. PMID 22343534 · Lohr et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS Q611 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Multiple Myeloma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID489In a retrospective study of 439 patients with multiple myeloma enrolled in a clinical trial, 28 had mutaions in KRAS. Those with mutations had worse overall and progression free survival than those wi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18528420 · Chng et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ABL1 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | EID9080This retrospective study included 1389 cases of high-risk pediatric B-ALL, of which 284 were identified by TaqMan Low Density Array to have a BCR-ABL1-like (Ph-like) gene expression signature. RT-PCR … (full text at CIViC) PMID 28408464 · Reshmi et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Prognostic | C | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID9153This retrospective study reported the outcome of 24 patients with Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) harboring ABL-class fusions who were treated with a combination of tyrosine kinase … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31434701 · Tanasi et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LTB Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11961The authors analyzed 304 primary DLBCLs using whole exome sequencing and targeted sequencing. This one one of the genes they identified as significantly enriched for somatic mutations. PMID 29713087 · Chapuy et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LYN Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 2 | submitted | EID11962The authors analyzed 304 primary DLBCLs using whole exome sequencing and targeted sequencing. This one one of the genes they identified as significantly enriched for somatic mutations. The rate of mut… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29713087 · Chapuy et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LYN OVEREXPRESSION2 | ||||||||
| Bafetinib + DasatinibSubstitutes | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveALIAS | Predictive | D | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID7874The BCR-ABL1 expressing imatinib-resistant cell line MYL-R overexpresses LYN, an SRC family kinase. Dasatinib showed the most potency against MYL-R compared to the non-resistant MYL cell line (IC50: 6… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18191450 · Deguchi et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Nilotinib | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 1 | accepted | EID7875The BCR-ABL1 expressing imatinib-resistant cell line MYL-R overexpresses LYN, an SRC family kinase. Nilotinib showed 3.1 times less potency than bafetinib (INNO-406) against MYL-R (IC50: 993.6 nM vs. … (full text at CIViC) PMID 18191450 · Deguchi et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LYN Y508F2 | ||||||||
| Axitinib | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4804In an in vitro study, a K562 cell line expressing LYN Y508F mutation demonstrated sensitivity to axitinib treatment, comparable to K562 cells expressing wild-type LYN or vector. Sensitivity was determ… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26912052 · Halbach et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dasatinib | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 PositiveALIAS | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID4805In an in vitro study, a K562 cell line expressing LYN Y508F mutation demonstrated sensitivity to dasatinib treatment, comparable to K562 cells expressing wild-type LYN or vector. Sensitivity was deter… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26912052 · Halbach et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 56_61QKQKVG>R1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID6384The C121S/G128D and 56_61QKQKVG>R variants were resistant to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib in vitro. All three variant proteins constitutively phosphorylated E… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25899310 · Nelson et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 C121S + MAP2K1 G128D1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID6385The C121S/G128D and 56_61QKQKVG>R variants were resistant to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib in vitro. All three variant proteins constitutively phosphorylated E… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25899310 · Nelson et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 E102_I103delEI1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID6447Brown wt al. described ex vivo efficacy of MEK inhibition in tissue obtained from a LCH patient harboring this somatic MAP2K1 mutation. We have treated a single patient with a systemic LCH showing th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24982505 · Brown et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 K57_G61del1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11301In this case series, 3 patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) were studied. Patient #1 was a 15-year-old male who has experienced five reactivations of LCH. He presented with left mastoid L… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32991018 · Messinger et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MCL1 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11768In this preclinical study, the sensitivity of Multiple Myeloma tumors harboring 1q21 amplification to MCL-1 inhibitor S63845 was tested. The effect of the MCL-1 inhibitor was tested in 21 human myelom… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31856269 · Slomp et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MECOM Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID8597Clinically, high MECOM (EVI1) expression occurs in approximately 8% of patients with de novo AML. In AML with inv(3)(q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2), aberrant MECOM expression is caused by a break poin… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20308656 · Gröschel et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MECOM rearrangement4 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MECOM Rearrangement | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID12399In this study, 17 patients with a variant pericentric inv(3) were identified from an institutional cytogenetics database, out of283 myeloid neoplasms with a MECOM rearrangement (MECOM-R) confirmed b… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36672407 · Tang et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MECOM Rearrangement | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID12400This study evaluates the frequency of MECOM rearrangements by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 76 AML and 21 MDS patients with various 3q chromosomal aberrations. Patients were referred to… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26815134 · Baldazzi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MECOM Rearrangement | Diagnostic | B | |||||
| MECOM t(3;21)(q26.2;q22)1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | C | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | submitted | EID9719t(3;21)(q26.2;q22) is a rare variant of AML, occurring in approximately 1% of cases. It carries a very poor prognosis with none of the reported patients surviving longer than 28 months and with an ave… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22706870 · Li et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEF2B mutation2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11919Multiple studies have demonstrated an enrichment for somatic missense mutations in MEF2B including multiple hot spots. PMID 21796119 · Morin et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Mantle Cell Lymphoma | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11872[the study] identified 25 significantly mutated genes, including known drivers such as ataxia-telangectasia mutated (ATM), cyclin D1 (CCND1), and the tumor suppressor TP53; mutated genes encoding the … (full text at CIViC) PMID 24145436 · Beà et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MEF2C Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11963The authors analyzed 304 primary DLBCLs using whole exome sequencing and targeted sequencing. This one one of the genes they identified as significantly enriched for somatic mutations. PMID 29713087 · Chapuy et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BCL9 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID12177This study was an international, multi-center retrospective analysis of 107 patients with MEF2D rearrangements, with information collected from 14 different regional study groups. The aim was to asses… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36309560 · Ohki et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CSF1R Fusion2 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID9360This study describes a cohort of 24 patients with BCR-ABL1-like B-ALL and ABL-class kinase rearrangement exposed to TKI frontline or at relapse, who showed favorable MRD response and outcome. Specific… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31434701 · Tanasi et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GW-2580 + ImatinibSubstitutes | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID403Cell lines with MEF2D-CSF1R fusion show sensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors Imatinib and GW-2580. PMID 24186003 · Lilljebjörn et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 21 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC)
PMID 15339850 · Rasmussen et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC
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| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2261In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11050000 · Rowley et al., 2000 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2263In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16497971 · Hoang et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | accepted | EID2262In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12483530 · Rowley et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC)
PMID 15339850 · Rasmussen et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC
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| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2250In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11050000 · Rowley et al., 2000 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2252In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16497971 · Hoang et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | accepted | EID2251In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12483530 · Rowley et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Vemurafenib | Hairy Cell Leukemia | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID1580One patient enrolled in a clinical study to evaluate vemurafenib treatment of BRAF V600E mutant hairy-cell leukemia developed resistance to vemurafenib retreatment. 300-gene targeted sequencing of the… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26352686 · Tiacci et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Activating mutations in KRAS or NRAS were observed more frequently in multiple myeloma patients than in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) (31% vs. 5% ). Another stu… (full text at CIViC)
PMID 15339850 · Rasmussen et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC
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| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2277In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11050000 · Rowley et al., 2000 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2278In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12483530 · Rowley et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Multiple Myeloma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2279In in vitro experiments, myeloma cell lines expressing activating NRAS and KRAS mutations are less sensitive to the apoptosis-inducing effects of dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and melphalan in compariso… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16497971 · Hoang et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
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| accepted |
EID12401In this study, samples from 33 patients presenting with AML or MDS were collected from either the Erasmus Hematology Department biobank (The Netherlands) or from the Munich Leukemia Laboratory (German… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32219447 · Ottema et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC |
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| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID13307This retrospective study from the I-BFM AML study group included 59 patients aged 0–21 years with de novo AML harboring a MECOM rearrangement (inv(3)/t(3;3) or other 3q26 rearrangements), diagnosed be… (full text at CIViC) | civic |