Cancer Family
Digestive System Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000012Explore in graph →
Loading cancer entity…
Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000012Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
1,220 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS Wildtype2 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil + Leucovorin + Oxaliplatin + PanitumumabCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | rejected | EID7052In a phase III study including 1183 colorectal cancer patients, panitumumab-FOLFOX4 significantly improved progression free survival (PFS) compared with FOLFOX4 (median PFS, 9.6 vs 8.0 months; HR = 0.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20921465 · Douillard et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Does Not Support Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID8840In an in vitro study, a human colon adenocarcinoma SW48 cell line expressing KRAS wildtype did not demonstrate resistance to regorafenib treatment (IC50: 114.28 nM) compared to SW48 cells expressing v… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26161928 · Camaj et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Panitumumab Regimen | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID12422In a multinational cohort study of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), a novel LANCL2::EGFR fusion was detected by comprehensive NGS assay in one EGFR amplified (250 copies), RAS/BRAF wildtype CRC sam… (full text at CIViC) PMID 33825902 · Randon et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LGR5 LGR5FL1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID9623Transfected cells with LGR5detla5-8 show significant decreased survival rate in comparison with transfected cells with LGR5FL (p< 0.05). Moreover addition of Anti-LGR5 exon 5 Ab shows significant decr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27140312 · Osawa et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion3 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID8901FISH of the tumor and patient derived xenograft of a 75-year-old with metastatic colorectal cancer that spread to the liver indicated NTRK1 involvement. 5’RACE PCR discovered a novel LMNA-NTRK1 fusion… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26563355 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Entrectinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID8900After disease progression with no objective response to therapy, a 75-year-old with metastatic colorectal cancer that spread to the liver displayed elevated NTRK1 expression in both primary tumor and … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26563355 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | |||||||
| NTRK1 Fusion + NTRK1 G595R + NTRK1 G667C1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID2961A gene fusion between exon 10 of NTRK1 and exon 11 of the LMNA genes was observed in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer after therapy with first-line FOLFOX, second-line FOLFIRI/cetuximab, an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26546295 · Russo et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAGEH1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Gemcitabine | Bile Duct Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID95010 biliary tract carcinoma cell lines were sorted based on their gemcitabine sensitivity. MAGEH1 protein expression was negatively correlated with sensitivity. In a clinical validation cohort, MAGEH p… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20088962 · Ojima et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GLI1 Fusion4 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Gastroblastoma | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID12080This study identified a recurrent MALAT1::GLI1 fusion in 4 of 4 (100%) gastroblastomas from patients ranging in age from 9 to 56 years old. Initially, the fusion was identified using transcriptome seq… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37165307 · Hamada et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastroblastoma | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID12753In this 2017 study the authors included four cases of gastroblastoma with control cases of histologic mimics. Gastroblastoma patients were aged 9, 27, 28 and 56 years. RNASeq identified a MALAT1::GLI1… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28731043 · Graham et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastroblastoma | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | ||
| MAP2K1 F53L1 | ||||||||
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID2930Paired pre-treatment and post-progression tumor biopsies from BRAF-mutant CRC patients treated with RAF inhibitor combinations were analyzed. Alterations in MAPK pathway genes were found in resistant … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25673644 · Ahronian et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 K57T1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID2971In a molecular case report, a MEK1 K57T mutation was found causing acquired resistancer to cetuximab. PMID 26644315 · Russo et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K1 V211D2 | ||||||||
| Binimetinib + PanitumumabCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID7580Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring BRAF V601E mutation were treated with binimetinib and panitumumab combination. Gene profiling at progressed tumor revealed MEK1 V211D mutation. V21… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31227518 · Gao et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP855 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7581Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer harboring BRAF V601E mutation were treated with binimetinib and panitumumab combination. Gene profiling at progressed tumor revealed MEK1 V211D mutation. V21… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31227518 · Gao et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K2 G132D1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID7732In this case report, a 66-year old woman with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated with trametinib for a BRAF in-frame-deletion and TP53 mutation and achieved an initial partial response for c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29903880 · Aguirre et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K2 G132S1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID7733In this case report, a 66-year old woman with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated with trametinib for a BRAF in-frame-deletion and TP53 mutation and achieved an initial partial response for c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29903880 · Aguirre et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MAP2K2 H123Q1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID7731In this case report, a 66-year old woman with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was treated with trametinib for a BRAF in-frame-deletion and TP53 mutation and achieved an initial partial response for c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29903880 · Aguirre et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MDM2 RS348863281 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Esophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID1636124 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with radical resection were genotyped using MassArray. Patients with the DEL/A +AA genotype of MDM2 rs34886328 had a notably increased overall survival… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27414035 · Li et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MET Amplification6 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Esophageal Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID11452A total of 185 patients with stage III or IV esophageal + junctional cancers were tested for amplified genes in this retrospective study. There were 5 MET amplifications, 14 EGFR amplifications, and 1… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22042947 · Lennerz et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cabozantinib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7873Cabozantinib's effect on cell proliferation was studied in a variety of cell lines. In two gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines with MET amplification (SNU-5 and Hs746T) were the most sensitive to caboz… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21926191 · Yakes et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Crizotinib | Malignant Digestive System NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | B | |||||
| KRAS Mutation + MET AmplificationMETKRAS2 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab + CrizotinibCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1979Functional studies show that MET activation confers resistance to anti-EGFR therapy both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, in patient-derived colorectal cancer xenografts, MET amplification correlated wi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23729478 · Bardelli et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab/Irinotecan Regimen + PanitumumabSubstitutes | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID19717 patients with acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors were analyzed in this study. Of these, 4 did not develop KRAS mutations. Post- and Pre-Treatment tissued was available of three patients and MET … (full text at CIViC) PMID · | |
| MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation4 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID113774 patient-derived cell lines with MET exon 14 skipping mutation were selected from 50 patient derived tumor lines from the SMC Biomarker study. These cell lines tested against crizotinib, which showed… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26375439 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID113794 patient-derived cell lines with MET exon 14 skipping mutation were selected from 50 patient derived tumor lines from the SMC Biomarker study. These cell lines tested against crizotinib, which showed… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26375439 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| SAIT301 | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Predictive | B | |||||
| MET Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Rilotumumab | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID5835In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, 609 patients with MET+ (expression of at least 1+ intensity on 25% or more tumor cells) gastric cancer or gastroesophageal adenocarc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28958504 · Catenacci et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MIR218-1 EXPRESSION2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1119Researchers examined the prognostic role of miR-218 expression in CRC tumor samples when receiving 5-FU based treatment. CRC samples from patients who received first-line 5-FU-based adjuvant chemother… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26442524 · Li et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1120Researchers examined the overall and progression free survival of CRC patients receiving first line 5-Fluorouracil therapy. Samples were stratified into two groups (low/high expressing miR-218). Kapl… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26442524 · Li et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MIR218-1 UNDEREXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm | Prognostic | D | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1184The study found mir-218 was significantly under-expressed when compared to matched adjacent normal tissue in 107 samples via qPCR. Further, low expression of mir-218 was revealed to be associated with… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26662432 · Li et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 A424T1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1816MLH1 A424T (c.1270G>A), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 45 year old male patient (id: sLS-13) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). Th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 A681V1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1824This variant (A681V), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 52 year-old male patient with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient was th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 c.790+1G>A1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1794MLH1 c.790+1G > A, identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 61 year old male patient (sLS-2) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patient … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 D667FS1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1810This variant (D667fs), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 68 year old female patient (id: sLS-7) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). Th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Gastric CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID168046 patients with poorly cohesive, signet-cell ring, gastric carcinoma were evaluated for genetic mutations and MLH1 expression (immunohistochemistry). Overall survival rate of MLH1 negative cases were… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27313181 · Rokutan et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 G65D1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1823This variant (G65D), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 71 year-old male patient (sLS-21) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patie… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 G67R1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1821This variant (G67R), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 61 year-old male patient (sLS-18) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). The patien… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 I68S1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1822MLH1 I68S (c.203 T > G), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 65 year old male patient (id: sLS-20) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). T… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 K618DEL1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1796MLH1 K618del (c.1852_1854del), identified in two cases of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in both patients with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). Both patients were… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 M1L1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1811MLH1 M1L (c.1A>T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be somatic in a 73 year old female patient (patient id: sLS-8) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS)… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 METHYLATION1 | ||||||||
| Oxaliplatin | Gastric CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID1315The methylation status of MLH1 was analyzed in a study of 53 paraffin-embedded gastric cancer samples. No association was found between methylation status and clinical factors. The study showed that M… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24748501 · Li et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 N551T1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID1815MLH1 N551T (c.1652A > C) identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer was confirmed to be somatic in a 51 year old female patient (id: sLS-12) with suspected Lynch Syndrome (LS). … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MLH1 P138T1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | rejected | EID1797This variant (P138T), identified in a case of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer, was confirmed to be a somatic mutation in a 58 year-old male patient (sLS-23) with suspected Lynch syndrome (LS… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25111426 · Geurts-Giele et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 5 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID2960A gene fusion between exon 11 of LMNA and exon 10 of NTRK1 was observed in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer after therapy with first-line FOLFOX, second-line FOLFIRI/cetuximab, and third-li… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26546295 · Russo et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
EID12754In this 2023 case study the authors investigate a tumour with biphasic morphology composed of epithelial and spindle cell components, diagnosed in a 29-year-old woman. RT-PCR analysis revealed that th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36803776 · Sugimoto et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 〃 | Gastroblastoma | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | EID12755In this 2019 case study the authors investigate a gastric antral tumor with morphological, immunophenotypic and genotypic features consistent with gastroblastoma in a 79-year-old male. Molecular analy… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31287169 · Castri et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID11454Four patients with MET amplified gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) were treated with crizotinib (250 mg, twice daily). Two patients showed rapid progression, showing growth only 43 and 27 days respectivel… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22042947 · Lennerz et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Crizotinib + VemurafenibCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1588Case report of a patient with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. Combined EGFR and BRAF inhibition (panitumumab and vemurafenib) showed an initial partial response for 4 months. Re-biopsy… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27325282 · Pietrantonio et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Onartuzumab | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID689A case-study describing a patient with MET polysomy, MET over-expression and evidence of autocrine HGF-production (the growth factor ligand of MET). The patient initially achieved a complete response … (full text at CIViC) PMID 22389872 · Catenacci et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Savolitinib | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID7729In a multi-cohort biomarker selected phase 2 study, patients with gastric cancer harboring MET amplification were treated with Savolitinib. Gene alterations were evaluated using tumor samples. MET amp… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31315834 · Lee et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| civic |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID113784 patient-derived cell lines with MET exon 14 skipping mutation were selected from 50 patient derived tumor lines from the SMC Biomarker study. These cell lines tested against SAIT301, a monoclonal an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26375439 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID113804 patient-derived cell lines with MET exon 14 skipping mutation were selected from 50 patient derived tumor lines from the SMC Biomarker study. These cell lines tested against SAIT301, a monoclonal an… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26375439 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |