Cancer Family
Mesenchymal Cell Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000027Explore in graph →
- NCIt
- C7059
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000027Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
427 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KIT W557_K558del4 | ||||||||
| Sunitinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID4082Patients 11, 69, and 73 from a larger cohort of genotyped patients (n= 78) with imatinib resistant or intolerant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) harbored a primary (pre-imatinib treatment) KIT… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18955458 · Heinrich et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4085In a retrospective study of 1124 sunitinib-treated gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with primary KIT exon 11 mutations (n=143) were associated with decreased progression free surviva… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26772734 · Reichardt et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4083In an in vitro study, patient derived tumor cells expressing KIT W557_K558delWK in-frame deletion mutation (endogenous expression) demonstrated sensitivity to sunitinib treatment. Sensitivity was dete… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16638875 · Prenen et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib + SunitinibSubstitutes | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID4087In an in vitro study, an IL3 independent Ba/F3 cell line expressing KIT W557_K558del primary activating mutation demonstrated sensitivity to sunitinib (IC50: 7 +/- 2nmol/L) and regorafenib (IC50: 30 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25239608 · Garner et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT D820G + KIT W557_K558del2 | ||||||||
| Ponatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID7412Ponatinib possesses potent activity against D820G KIT mutant in preclinical experiments. PMID 25239608 · Garner et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID4165In an in vitro study, a Ba/F3 cell line expressing KIT W557_K558del primary mutation (known to confer sensitivity to regorafenib) and KIT D820G secondary mutation, KIT D820G was associated with decrea… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25239608 · Garner et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT N822K + KIT W557_K558del2 | ||||||||
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID4169In a set of preclinical experiments associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumor, the effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor regorafenib on Ba/F3 cell lines harboring the primary regorafenib-sensi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25239608 · Garner et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Imatinib + SunitinibSubstitutes | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID7414Several preclinical studies tested the effects of various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on Ba/F3 cell lines with primary TKI-sensitizing del 557-558 mutation, which induced IL-3 independent growth… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25239608 · Garner et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT W557R1 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2426Molecular models predict that deletion of a portion of the juxtamembrane domain relieves steric hindrance and results in higher binding affinity for imatinib. PMID 21364689 · Pierotti et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT W557T1 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2431Molecular models predict that deletion of a portion of the juxtamembrane domain relieves steric hindrance and results in higher binding affinity for imatinib. PMID 21364689 · Pierotti et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT W557_V559insC2 | ||||||||
| Sunitinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4460In a phase 1/2 trial of 97 gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with KIT exon 11 mutations (44/77) treated with sunitinib were associated with shorter progression free survival (5.1mo vs.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18955458 · Heinrich et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4461In a retrospective study of 1124 sunitinib-treated gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with primary KIT exon 11 mutations (n=143) were associated with decreased progression free surviva… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26772734 · Reichardt et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Wildtype1 | ||||||||
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID4144This phase II clinical trial of regorafenib (NCT01068769) examined the long term safety and efficacy of regorafenib in patients with metastatic and/or unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIS… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27371698 · Ben-Ami et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Y503_F504insAY1 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2394Patients with exon 9 mutations treated with a higher dose of imatinib (800mg vs. 400 mg daily) experienced improved progression-free survival compared to those treated with the standard dose (HR:0.392… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16624552 · Debiec-Rychter et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Y553D1 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2407Molecular models predict that deletion of a portion of the juxtamembrane domain relieves steric hindrance and results in higher binding affinity for imatinib. PMID 21364689 · Pierotti et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Y553_K558DEL3 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2410Molecular models predict that deletion of a portion of the juxtamembrane domain relieves steric hindrance and results in higher binding affinity for imatinib. PMID 21364689 · Pierotti et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sunitinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4067In a phase 1/2 trial of 97 gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with KIT exon 11 mutations (44/77) treated with sunitinib were associated with shorter progression free survival (5.1mo vs.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18955458 · Heinrich et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | ||
| KIT Y553_W557DELYEVQW1 | ||||||||
| Sunitinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4577In a retrospective study, a Chinese gastrointestinal stromal tumor patient harboring KIT Y553_W557delYEVQW deletion mutation (n=1/2) was associated with improved response to sunitinib treatment after … (full text at CIViC) PMID 23456621 · Gao et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Y570_L576DEL2 | ||||||||
| Sunitinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4586In a phase 1/2 trial of 97 gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with KIT exon 11 mutations (44/77) treated with sunitinib were associated with shorter progression free survival (5.1mo vs.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18955458 · Heinrich et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4587In a retrospective study of 1124 sunitinib-treated gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with primary KIT exon 11 mutations (n=143) were associated with decreased progression free surviva… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26772734 · Reichardt et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KIT Y823D1 | ||||||||
| Imatinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID2919147 patients with advanced, unresectable GISTs were enrolled onto a randomized, phase II clinical study of imatinib (CSTI571-B2222). Specimens from 43 pretreatment and/or imatinib-resistant tumors wer… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16954519 · Heinrich et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LEPR UNDEREXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Meningioma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID1054144 cases (discovery set: N=62 discovery; Independent validation set: N = 82) of meningiomas were analyzed for transcriptional features defining aggressive clinical course (recurrent, malignantly prog… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26894859 · Schmidt et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Infantile FibrosarcomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID8878A mass found at birth in a patient’s left arm became enlarged at age 2 and was resected and characterized as a high-grade spindle cell sarcoma. FISH and RT-PCR did not detect any common sarcoma transl… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30709876 · Bender et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| LPP Fusion + HMGA2 FusionHMGA2LPP1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Liposarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Negative | 4 | accepted | EID7983Both RT-PCR and PCR were used to detect and confirm the presence of fusion transcripts in RNA extracted from the surgical resections of 74 liposarcomas and 98 lipomas. LPP-HMGA2 or HMGA2-LPP fusions w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20332486 · Kubo et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MDM2 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242 | Liposarcoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID5518In 41 patients with postbaseline scans, three patients with liposarcoma achieved a partial response (at 250, 400, and 500 mg), 31 showed stable disease, and eight had progressive disease. In total, 27… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28240971 · Wagner et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ALK Overexpression + MET OverexpressionMETALK1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID7136Since significant ALK and MET expression was only detected in ARMS samples, the effect of crizotinib, an ATP competitive, MET and ALK inhibitor, was evaluated on the growth of RH4 and RH30 ARMS cell l… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26445453 · Megiorni et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MYOD1 L122R12 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID8193This study evaluated forty-nine cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) (17 cases of alveolar RMS, 10 of embryonal RMS, 21 of spindle cell and sclerosing RMS, and a single case of a pleomorphic RMS) for MYOD1… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27562493 · Rekhi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID9532This study evaluated 641 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), enrolled on Children’s Oncology Group trials (1998-2017) and UK malignant mesenchymal tumor and RMS2005 trials (1995-2016), for mutations in 3… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34166060 · Shern et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | ||
| MYOD1 MYOD1 L122R1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | rejected | EID9531This study evaluated 641 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), enrolled on Children’s Oncology Group trials (1998-2017) and UK malignant mesenchymal tumor and RMS2005 trials (1995-2016), for mutations in 3… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34166060 · Shern et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 F617L1 | ||||||||
| Larotrectinib | Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID9592A 58-year-old male with NTRK-fusion positive gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) demonstrated initial response to Larotrectinib but progressed after developing a gatekeeper mutation (TRKC F617L). PMID 30624546 · Hong et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 R248C1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Infantile FibrosarcomaALIAS | Diagnostic | A | Supports Positive | 4 | rejected | EID8331This is the first study showing the ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion in congenital fibrosarcoma (CFS). Using cytogenetic and FISH analyses, a novel t(12;15)(p13;q25) rearrangement was identified in CFS cases (3… (full text at CIViC) PMID 9462753 · Knezevich et al., 1998 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FOXO1 Fusion5 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID7009In a cohort of 171 pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma patients, the PAX3::FOXO1 fusion transcript was detected in 55% of patients with centrally reviewed ARMS. Critically, this fusion, along with the related … (full text at CIViC) PMID 12039929 · Sorensen et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID11684In this study, a total of 147 rhabdomyosarcomas/normal pairs were analyzed, 44 by whole genome sequencing and 103 tumors by whole exome sequencing. 50 cases classified as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma his… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24436047 · Shern et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | |||
| FOXO1 Fusion3 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID7010In a cohort of 171 uniformly treated pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients, 78 patients had alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS). Of ARMS patients, 55% harbored a PAX3-FOXO1 fusion, 22% harbored a PAX… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12039929 · Sorensen et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID11685In this study, a total of 147 rhabdomyosarcomas/normal pairs were analyzed, 44 by whole genome sequencing and 103 tumors by whole exome sequencing. 50 cases classified as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma his… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24436047 · Shern et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | |||
Data updated 14 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
EID4068In a retrospective study of 1124 sunitinib-treated gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, patients with primary KIT exon 11 mutations (n=143) were associated with decreased progression free surviva… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26772734 · Reichardt et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC |
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EID11582This study assessed MYOD1 exon 1 mutations in pediatric and adult sclerosing and spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. 5 sclerosing (2 pediatric and 3 adults) and 11 spindle cell rhabdomyosarcomas (3 pediatr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24824843 · Agaram et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC |
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| (prognostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID11583This study assessed MYOD1 exon 1 mutations in pediatric and adult sclerosing and spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. 5 sclerosing (2 pediatric and 3 adults) and 11 spindle cell rhabdomyosarcomas (3 pediatr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24824843 · Agaram et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID11584This study assessed the clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of MYOD1-mutant rhabdomyosarcoma in a total of 30 cases of which 15 are children. Cases were analyzed for the known MYOD1 exon … (full text at CIViC) PMID 30181563 · Agaram et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID11585This study assessed the clinicopathologic and molecular features of 13 spindle cell (SRMS) and 7 spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas (ScRMS) arising in the head and neck region. Age ranged from … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31949721 · Wang et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID11586This study assessed the clinicopathologic and molecular features of 13 spindle cell (SRMS) and 7 spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas (ScRMS) arising in the head and neck region. Age ranged from … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31949721 · Wang et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID11587This study looked at 26 spindle cell and sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas. 11 were congenital/infantile type diagnosed at birth or within one year of age, 10 of which harbored recurrent fusions involving … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26501226 · Alaggio et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID11588In this study, FISH, targeted DNA, and whole transcriptome sequencing were used to define a better molecular classification of sclerosing and spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. 11 of 26 were congenital/i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26501226 · Alaggio et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID8313This study examined 17 cases of spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (SC/SRMS) for the presence of MYOD1 variants. 12 cases harbored a MYOD-1 mutation, of which 8 cases were homozygous for p.L122R… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30604891 · Tsai et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Spindle Cell/Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | rejected | EID11564This study assessed the clinicopathologic and molecular features of 13 spindle cell (SRMS) and 7 spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas (ScRMS) arising in the head and neck region. Age ranged from … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31949721 · Wang et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID8194This study evaluated forty-nine cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) (17 cases of alveolar RMS, 10 of embryonal RMS, 21 of spindle cell and sclerosing RMS, and a single case of a pleomorphic RMS) for MYOD1… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27562493 · Rekhi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| accepted |
EID11687This study summarizes the evolution of the classification of rhabdomyosarcomas which now includes embryonal, alveolar, spindle cell/sclerosing and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. Genetically, alveolar r… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34958505 · Agaram, 2022 · Open in CIViC |
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| (prognostic) | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID8885In a cohort of 171 uniformly treated pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients, 78 patients had alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS). Of ARMS patients, 55% harbored a PAX3-FOXO1 fusion, 22% harbored a PAX… (full text at CIViC) PMID 12039929 · Sorensen et al., 2002 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BET Inhibitor | Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID70115 PAX3-FOXO1 fusion positive rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines exhibited greater sensitivity to BET bromodomain inhibitors than fusion negative lines and introduction of the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion to fibroblasts… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28446439 · Gryder et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| accepted |
EID11686This study summarizes the evolution of the classification of rhabdomyosarcomas which now includes embryonal, alveolar, spindle cell/sclerosing and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. Genetically, alveolar r… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34958505 · Agaram, 2022 · Open in CIViC |
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