Subtype
Colon Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00004992Explore in graph →
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Subtype
CI-CAN-00004992Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
39 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APC Mutation1 | ||||||||
| JW55 | Colon Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID445Canonical Wnt signaling in colon carcinoma cells with APC mutation was inhibited by JW55 treatment. PMID 22440753 · Waaler et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BIRC7 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Cisplatin | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID661Livin (BIRC7) overexpression in two colon cancer cell lines (RKO and SW620) increased resistance of these cells to cisplatin. siRNA knockdown of Livin rendered the cells more sensitive to cisplatin. T… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23188704 · Ding et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V600E1 | ||||||||
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3776In an in vitro study, WiDr, HT-29 and RKO cell lines expressing BRAF V600E mutation was associated with sensitivity to regorafenib treatment, as compared to Caco-2 and KM12SM cells expressing wild-typ… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26865419 · Takigawa et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V600E + Low1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Colon Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID120725577 colon carcinoma tumors were evaluated for BRAF, KRAS, and mismatch repair status. From those successfully evaluated, 201 had microsatellite instability (MSI or MSI-H) and BRAF V600E, 72 had MSI a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28040692 · Taieb et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CDX2 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 4 | rejected | EID1130In patients with stage II colon cancer, positive CDX2 status was associated with longer overall survival. PMID 26789877 · Boland et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| CIC Loss2 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID5111CIC knockout conferred resistance to trametinib in KRAS G13D (HCT116) and BRAF V600E (HT29) colon cancer cell lines. PMID 28178529 · Wang et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Vemurafenib | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID5112CIC knockout conferred resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF V600E (HT29) colon cancer cells. PMID 28178529 · Wang et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR Amplification + SEPTIN14 FusionSEPTIN14EGFR1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID10913Case report describing a 63-year-old patient with colorectal adenocarcinoma. He started treatment with XELOX and bevacizumab. After findings of disease progression, they changed to bevacizumab and FOL… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32162810 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| EGFR EGFRVIII1 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID11116Case report describing a 63-year-old patient with colorectal adenocarcinoma with disease progression after treatment with XELOX-bevacizumab and bevacizumab-FOLFIRI. After the detection of EGFR aberrat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32162810 · Li et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | C | Supports Oncogenicity | 1 | accepted | EID10506From a retrospective review of 38,095 tumor samples from 33,997 patients using DNA sequencing (MSK-IMPACT) and RNA sequencing (MSK-Fusion panel) identified 87 tumors with NTRK1-3 fusions. Two cases of… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31375766 · Solomon et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | accepted | EID10638From whole exome sequencing of 278 primary colon tumors with stage I-III, 2.5% carried gene fusion. 1.5% of these were positive for kinase fusions including BRAF, NTRK3 and RET gene fusions. These gen… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28512242 · Kloosterman et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 L755S1 | ||||||||
| Lapatinib + Neratinib + TrastuzumabCombination | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1176Colon cancer patient derived xenografts with HER2 mutations are sensitive to HER2 targeted drugs and the greatest tumor reduction was seen with the combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with tras… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26243863 · Kavuri et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 L866M1 | ||||||||
| Lapatinib + Neratinib + TrastuzumabCombination | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1178Colon cancer patient derived xenografts with HER2 mutations are sensitive to HER2 targeted drugs and the greatest tumor reduction was seen with the combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with tras… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26243863 · Kavuri et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 S310F/Y1 | ||||||||
| Lapatinib + Neratinib + TrastuzumabCombination | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1179Colon cancer patient derived xenografts with HER2 mutations are sensitive to HER2 targeted drugs and the greatest tumor reduction was seen with the combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with tras… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26243863 · Kavuri et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 V777L1 | ||||||||
| Lapatinib + Neratinib + TrastuzumabCombination | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1177Colon cancer patient derived xenografts with HER2 mutations are sensitive to HER2 targeted drugs and the greatest tumor reduction was seen with the combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with tras… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26243863 · Kavuri et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ERBB2 V842I1 | ||||||||
| Lapatinib + Neratinib + TrastuzumabCombination | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1174Colon cancer patient derived xenografts with HER2 mutations are sensitive to HER2 targeted drugs and the greatest tumor reduction was seen with the combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with tras… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26243863 · Kavuri et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR2 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Rogaratinib | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7830Rogaratinib (BAY 1163877) treatment was tested in vivo in a cell line-derived model of NCI‐H716 human colon cancer. This model has FGFR2 amplifications and highly elevated FGFR2 mRNA. Mice were trea… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30807645 · Grünewald et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FOS Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Irbesartan | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1634A 67-year-old female presents with recurrent metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical and genetic workup showed overexpression of c-JUN and FOS, which presumably signals through the RAA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27022066 · Jones et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| JAK1 W690*1 | ||||||||
| Pembrolizumab | Colon Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID2981This study finds JAK1 and JAK2 mutation as determinants of primary resistance to PD-1 blockade therapy. Baseline tumors from patients with melanoma and colon cancer who did not respond to PD-1 blockad… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27903500 · Shin et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS A11_G12insGA1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | accepted | EID9331FFPE tumor tissue from 1506 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients was analyzed at codons 12, 13, 61 and 146 by PCR. 672 KRAS mutations were found in 670 patients, and from these, two were inframe inserti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24642870 · Tong et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS Exon 2 Mutation + Low1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Colon Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID120735577 colon carcinoma tumors were evaluated for BRAF, KRAS, and mismatch repair status. From those successfully evaluated, 201 had microsatellite instability (MSI or MSI-H) and BRAF V600E, 72 had MSI a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28040692 · Taieb et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12A1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3717In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12A mutation (n=49) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased dis… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12C1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3981In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12C mutation (n=82) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased dis… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12D1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3960In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12D mutation (n=378) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased di… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12R1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3998In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12R mutation (n=5) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased dise… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12V2 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3931In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G12V mutation (n=213) and treated with cetuximab plus standard chemotherapy were associated with decreased di… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3932In an in vitro study, a SW480 cell line expressing KRAS G12V mutation was associated with sensitivity to regorafenib treatment, as compared to Caco-2 and KM12SM cells expressing wild-type KRAS. Resist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26865419 · Takigawa et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G13D4 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID6974In a two armed Phase II study of 53 patients with molecularly selected G13D mutant, chemotherapy-refractory metastatic CRC, 25 patients were treated with cetuximab monotherapy, and 28 with cetuximab a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27114605 · Segelov et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3896In a phase 3 clinical study,�BRAF wild-type stage III colon cancer patients harboring KRAS G13D mutation (n=220) and treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy were associated with decreased disease-fre… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24687927 · Yoon et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Pan-RAF/MEK Molecular Glue NST-628 | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports | ||||
| KRAS Q22*1 | ||||||||
| Panitumumab | Colon Mucinous Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID1131A 43-year-old female was diagnosed with an adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and received 6-months of adjuvant chemotherapy. After 5 years of completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, the disease relap… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19661358 · Palmirotta et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| MSH3 K383fs1 | ||||||||
| 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxycamptothecin + OxaliplatinSubstitutes | Colon Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9089To assess the effects of MSH3 status on chemosensitivity, MSH3-deficient and MSH3-proficient HCT116 cells were treated with oxaliplatin, SN-38 (irinotecan metabolite), and 5-FU. Parental MSH3-deficien… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23724141 · Park et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NCOA3 Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Anti-PDL1 Therapy + PD-1 Ligand InhibitorSubstitutes | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12626In a retrospective cohort analysis of colon adenocarcinoma treated with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors from the MSKCC ICIs-treated COAD dataset (n = 76; NCOA3-mutant n = 7, NCOA3-wild-type n … (full text at CIViC) PMID 40215778 · Liu et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| POU5F1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Oxaliplatin | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID958OCT4B1 (POU5F1 splice variant) expression reduced sensitivity to oxaliplatin (via P-gp and ABCG2 differential expression) in vitro. PMID 26398480 · Wen et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ALK Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Ceritinib | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID5952Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with STRN-ALK fusion, sporadic microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) and KRAS R164Q received ALK inhibitor ceritinib. After pts received ceritinib perinumb… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26933125 · Yakirevich et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| High1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID13242In a single-center observational study of 102 patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colon cancer receiving standard treatments, high tumor mutational burden (TMB ≥10 mutations/Mb) was a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 39639373 · Di Mauro et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ZEB1 Expression1 | ||||||||
| Oxaliplatin | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID8086The oxaliplatin resistant HCT116/OXA cell line shows increased EMT phenotype, as well as cell invasion and migration ability compared to parental HCT116 cells. The EMT-associated transcription factor … (full text at CIViC) PMID 29151941 · Guo et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ZEB1 Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID8085In a cohort of 118 CC patients, ZEB1 had high expression in 66.9% and low expression in 33.1% of patients by IHC. Median OS was longer in the ZEB1 low expression group (14.0 months, 95% CI 11.63-14.97… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29151941 · Guo et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 11 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
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| submitted |
EID13157In KRAS G13D-mutant HCT116 cells, NST-628 inhibited proliferation, increased apoptosis, and produced durable suppression of phospho-ERK. In HCT116 xenografts, NST-628 suppressed phospho-MEK and phosph… (full text at CIViC) PMID 38588399 · Ryan et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC |
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| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colon Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3897In an in vitro study, a DLD-1 cell line expressing KRAS G13D mutation was associated with sensitivity to regorafenib treatment, as compared to Caco-2 and KM12SM cells expressing wild-type KRAS. Resist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26865419 · Takigawa et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |