Cancer Family
Carcinoma
CI-CAN-00000114Explore in graph →
7,369 active trials118 approved drugs1,149 evidence items
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000114Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
2,354 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRAF G466V3 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | rejected | EID12441Several BRAF mutant cell lines were analyzed in response to treatment with increasing concentrations of cetuximab (0-300nM). Cell-growth and impact on signalling was measured: ERK signalling by wester… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28783719 · Yao et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Pan-RAF/MEK Molecular Glue NST-628 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13159In the BRAF G466V-mutant NCI-H1666 model, NST-628 suppressed MAPK signaling without inducing BRAF–CRAF heterodimer formation. NCI-H1666 was also included in a panel of BRAF class II/III-mutant cell li… (full text at CIViC) PMID 38588399 · Ryan et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Vemurafenib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | rejected | EID12439Several BRAF mutant cell lines were treated with vemurafenib, A375 (BRAF V600E) was used as a positive control. Two non-small cell cancer cell lines (H1666 and CAL-12T) containing the BRAF G466V mutat… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28783719 · Yao et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G469A3 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4184In an in vitro study, a PC-9 cell line expressing BRAF G469A mutation demonstrated decreased sensitivity to erlotinib treatment compared to PC-9 cells expressing BRAF wild-type. Sensitivity was determ… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22773810 · Ohashi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Osimertinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 5 | rejected | EID10514PC9 cells harboring an in-frame deletion in exon 19 of the EGFR gene were cultured in the presence of increasing concentrations of osimertinib. Three clones resistant to osimertinib were isolated and … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31502118 · La Monica et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | |||||
| BRAF G469E1 | ||||||||
| Trametinib | Breast Ductal Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID7861Subprotocol R of the NCI-MATCH study tested the MEK inhibitor trametinib in non-V600 BRAF mutant tumors. 32 patients were eligible and received therapy with trametinib. Of these 1 patient had a confir… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31924734 · Johnson et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G469R1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID1938Case report of a patient with NSCLC and BRAF G469R mutation who showed a dramatic response to sorafenib. PMID 26237499 · Sereno et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G469S1 | ||||||||
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9515Non-V600 BRAF mutations occur frequently in NSCLC. BRAF G469S increases kinase activity, as it can induce MEK/ERK activation to higher levels that wild-type BRAF when expressed in HEK293T cells. BEAS-… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28947956 · Noeparast et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G469V2 | ||||||||
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9513Non-V600 BRAF mutations occur frequently in NSCLC. BRAF G469V increases kinase activity, as it can induce MEK/ERK activation to higher levels that wild-type BRAF when expressed in HEK293T cells. BEAS-… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28947956 · Noeparast et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID1939Case report of a patient with HCC and NSCLC (only NSCLC harboring the BRAF G469V mutation). Sorafenib at standard dosage led to a partial response in the primary lesion of the lung, complete response … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27388325 · Casadei Gardini et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G596C2 | ||||||||
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | rejected | EID9514Non-V600 BRAF mutations occur frequently in NSCLC. While BRAF G596C results in impaired kinase activity, it can induce MEK/ERK activation when expressed in HEK293T cells in the presence of RAF1 (CRAF)… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28947956 · Noeparast et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1738Non-V600 BRAF mutations occur in about half of BRAF-mutated lung cancers, and their sensitivity to Dabrafenib and Trametinib is not well documented. In a cohort of 229 NSCLC patients that underwent mo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28947956 · Noeparast et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF G596V1 | ||||||||
| Vemurafenib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID4779In a retrospective study of 35 lung adenocarcinoma patients (chemotherapy previously administered in 86% of patients), a patient harboring a BRAF G596V mutation was associated with partial response to… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26200454 · Gautschi et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF Kinase Domain Duplication1 | ||||||||
| Regorafenib | Acinar Cell CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID12470A 30 year old women with advanced acinic cell tumor of the right parotid gland had her disease progressed after initial systemic chemotherapy, followed by empirical erlotinib hydrochloride therapy. Pr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26562024 · Klempner et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| BRAF V6003 | ||||||||
| Dabrafenib/Trametinib Regimen | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID12797A 63-year-old female patient presented with BRAF V600E-mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Following three surgical resections and a new chemotherapy regimen the patient was diagnosed with lung me… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37900238 · Lee et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Vemurafenib | Cholangiocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID5905Eight patients with BRAF V600 (7 with V600E, 1 with V600 unknown) mutated cholangiocarcinoma received vemurafenib. Only one patients showed partial response and duration of response of this patient wa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26287849 · Hyman et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
| BRAF V600E32 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 5 | accepted | EID80Thyroid nodule with BRAF V600E mutation is highly correlated with papillary thyroid cancer. PMID 24570209 · Crescenzi et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support Poor Outcome | 5 | accepted | EID102Unlike other studies that suggest a poorer outcome, BRAF mutation in this study was not correlated with poorer prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer. PMID 24354346 · Walczyk et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports | ||||
Data updated 1 hour agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| 5 |
| rejected |
EID10515PC9 cells harboring an in-frame deletion in exon 19 of the EGFR gene were cultured in the presence of increasing concentrations of osimertinib. Three clones resistant to osimertinib were isolated and … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31502118 · La Monica et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC |
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| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID1574Patients with BRAF-V600 mutated cancers were identified (n=122) and clinical response to vemurafenib was evaluated. Of the 20 patients with non-small-cell-lung cancer (17 with BRAF V600E, one with BRA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26287849 · Hyman et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
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| 5 |
| accepted |
EID656In patients with papillary thyroid cancer harboring both BRAF V600E and the TERT promotor mutation C228T (N=35), recurrence-free survival is worse than in patients harboring one of these mutations (N=… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25024077 · Xing et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID2137In a study of 102 papillary thyroid cancer patients with a 15 year median follow-up time, those with BRAF V600E mutations had reduced overall survival compared to those with wildtype BRAF (P=0.015, lo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 18682506 · Elisei et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID9170Clinical study including 219 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) to determine a correlation between the BRAF V600E mutation and poor oncological outcome. This study found that 107 of the 219 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 16174717 · Xing et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID105BRAF mutation correlated with poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer in both older (>65 yo) and younger (<65 yo) cohorts. PMID 21594703 · Howell et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID106BRAF V600E is correlated with poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer in a study of 187 patients with PTC and other thyroid diseases. PMID 24396464 · He et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID107V600E is correlated with disease recurrence in both age cohorts (>65 and <65 yo). PMID 21594703 · Howell et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID2503In a meta-analysis of 8 studies, papillary thyroid cancer patients with BRAF V600E mutation had a higher frequency of recurrence and persistent disease compared to those with wildtype BRAF (28.5% vs.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21882184 · Kim et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (oncogenic) | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13014A systematic review and meta-analysis of 34 studies comprising 978 patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) reported a pooled prevalence of BRAF V600E of 33% (95% CI, 26%–40%). When cases with… (full text at CIViC) PMID 39086414 · Behnagh et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13015Targeted next-generation sequencing of 11 anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) with matched normal tissue identified BRAF V600E in 10 of 11 tumors (91%), making BRAF the most frequently mutated gene i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26980298 · Jeon et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | rejected | EID13016Comprehensive genomic profiling of 68 anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) identified BRAF alterations in 10.3% of tumors. BRAF mutations were more common in ATCs with a concurrent or prior papillary … (full text at CIViC) PMID 40674659 · Trivedi et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13011In BRAF V600E-positive murine anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cell lines (TBP-3743, TBPt-3403, and TBPt-3610R), treatment with the BRAF inhibitor PLX4720 decreased ERK phosphorylation and significa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24994118 · Vanden Borre et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13012In an orthotopic mouse model generated using BRAF V600E-positive 8505c anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells, treatment with the selective BRAF V600E inhibitor PLX4720 decreased phospho-ERK1/2 expression… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22202162 · Nehs et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID13013In transgenic mice with thyroid-specific expression of BRAF V600E, Tg-BRAF2 mice developed papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in 14 of 15 animals at 12 weeks and 13 of 14 animals at 22 weeks. These tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 15899815 · Knauf et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Colorectal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 3 | rejected | EID12446Cell growth of several BRAF mutant cell lines were analyzed in response to treatment with increasing concentrations of cetuximab (0-300nM). Cell lines with activating BRAF mutations were insensitive, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 28783719 · Yao et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7761In a phase 2 trial, patients with radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma harboring BRAF mutation were treated with dabrafenib alone or combination with trametinib. 94% patients havd BRAF V… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| Dabrafenib + TrametinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID3017Patients with BRAF V600E-mutant NSCLC (n=57) were enrolled into a phase 2, multicentre, non-randomised, open-label study, administering dabrafenib plus trametinib. The overall response rate was 36/57 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27283860 · Planchard et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID6975Interim analysis of a basket trial evaluating the combination of dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) in previously treated V600E-mutated patients showed 11/16 patients with anap… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29072975 · Subbiah et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID12960In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors evaluated the predictive relevance of the BRAF V600E variant in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) treated with MAPK pathway-targ… (full text at CIViC) PMID 38709445 · Priantti et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Cholangiocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7453In NCI-MATCH trial, patients with advanced solid tumors, lymphoma or multiple myeloma harboring BRAF V600E mutation were treated with dabrafenib and trametinib. Patients with melanoma, thyroid carcino… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7762In a phase 2 trial, patients with radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma harboring BRAF mutation were treated with dabrafenib alone or combination with trametinib. 94% of patients had BRAF… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12957In this retrospective, single-center, real-world study conducted between May 2018 and April 2022, 27 patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) were stratified into three groups: patients with B… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36651156 · da Silva et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12959This multi-institutional retrospective study analyzed 44 patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) treated across three hospitals in Taiwan. BRAF mutation testing was performed in 24 patients (… (full text at CIViC) PMID 36504909 · Chang et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13281In a single-center retrospective study of 10 patients with BRAF V600E-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib, 5/10 patients (50%; 95% CI 24–76%) achieved an objec… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40844731 · Ando et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13282In a single-center retrospective study of 6 patients with BRAF V600E-positive anaplastic thyroid carcinoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib, 4/6 patients (67%; 95% CI 24–94%) achieved an object… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40844731 · Ando et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Cholangiocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID5902Chemotherapy-refractory, metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with CNS involvement and a BRAF V600E mutation had a partial response at 8 weeks to dabrafenib and trametinib combination with complete radiologi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28480077 · Kocsis et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID5903Two cases of patients with BRAF V600E positive, refractory intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma showed excellent clinical and radiographic response to combination dabrafenib and trametinib treatment. One p… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28078132 · Lavingia et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID5904Dabrafenib and trametinib combination showed durable response for a patient with standard chemotherapy and radiation refractory, poorly differentiated, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring BRAF V… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25435907 · Loaiza-Bonilla et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12956A 47-year-old woman with advanced metastatic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) harboring a BRAF V600E mutation, identified by comprehensive genomic profiling of a resected lung metastasis, received c… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27697975 · Agarwal et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12958This single-patient case report describes a 63-year-old woman diagnosed with BRAF V600E-mutated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Following multiple surgical resections, the patient developed recurr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37900238 · Lee et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib/Trametinib Regimen | Thyroid Gland Anaplastic CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID10785An updated analysis of the phase 2 ROAR basket trial evaluating combination dabrafenib and trametinib in 36 BRAF V600E mutated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma patients (16 patients previously described i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35026411 · Subbiah et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |