Histology
Adenocarcinoma
CI-CAN-00000403Explore in graph →
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Histology
CI-CAN-00000403Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
841 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTRK2 Fusion + TERT c.-124C.TTERTNTRK21 | ||||||||
| Larotrectinib | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID11278A 53 year old female patient had PTC treated with surgery and multiple brain metastases. TERT c.-124C.T mutation and ETV6::NTRK2 fusion was found in pleural biopsy and cerebellar resection specimens.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35171659 · Park et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK3 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Papillary CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID6474Prasad et al queried the histopathology of 28 Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas (PTCs) from patients ages 6-18 years (20 females, 8 males). None had significant exposure to radiation. 5 / 27 PTCs (18.5%) h… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26784937 · Prasad et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FBXW7 Loss-of-function1 | ||||||||
| Everolimus | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | E | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1628mTOR protein levels were found to underly a circadian 24-hour rhythm regulated by time-dependent Fbxw7-mediated ubiquitination. Survival rates of tumor-bearing mice with everolimus showed time-depende… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24253377 · Okazaki et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FCGR2A H167R1 | ||||||||
| Trastuzumab | HER2-Positive Breast CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID10881325 HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab and chemotherapy from the N9831 clinical trial were analyzed. There was no statistical difference in disease-free survival between tr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24989892 · Norton et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FCGR3A F212V1 | ||||||||
| Trastuzumab | HER2-Positive Breast CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID10871325 HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab and chemotherapy from the N9831 clinical trial were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference in disease-free survi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24989892 · Norton et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGF19 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13269In a retrospective study of 45 patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib, FGF19 copy-number gain (defined as ≥5 copies) was detected in 2/6 (33.3%) patients with complete… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27384874 · Kaibori et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGF19 Overexpression3 | ||||||||
| FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7518In a study with a panel of 40 HCC cell lines and 30 HCC PDX model showed that FGF19 expression is a predictive biomarker for H3B-6527. H3B-6527 is a highly selective covalent FGFR4 inhibitor. PMID 29247039 · Joshi et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Fisogatinib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID7636In a phase 1 trial, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with selective FGFR4 inhibitor, fisogatinib (BLU-554). For dose escalation, 25 patients received 140 to 900 mg fisogatinib once … (full text at CIViC) PMID 31575541 · Kim et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | |||
| FGF3 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID1966FGF3/FGF4 amplification was observed in around 2% of HCCs. Although the sample size was relatively small, FGF3/FGF4 amplification, a poorly differentiated histological type, and multiple lung metastas… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22890726 · Arao et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGF4 Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13273In a retrospective analysis of sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma, FGF3/FGF4 co-amplification was detected in 3 of 10 evaluable tumors from patients with complete or partial responses and in 0… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22890726 · Arao et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR1 Expression1 | ||||||||
| Infigratinib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID800FGFR inhibitor BGJ398 was most effective in a gastric cancer cell line model with high expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2IIIc. PMID 26637881 · Schmidt et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR1 S602F1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID13270Among 45 patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib, one patient whose tumor harbored the FGFR1 S602F kinase-domain mutation achieved a complete response. FGFR1 S602F was … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27384874 · Kaibori et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR2 Amplification3 | ||||||||
| Futibatinib | Triple-Negative Breast CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID11648In a phase 1 multihistology trial of the FGFR1/2/3/4 inhibitor futibatinib, an objective response rate of 13.7% was seen with responses in a broad spectrum of tumors and across a broad spectrum of FGF… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34551969 · Meric-Bernstam et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID11637In a phase 1 multihistology trial of the FGFR1/2/3/4 inhibitor futibatinib, an objective response rate of 13.7% was seen with responses in a broad spectrum of tumors and across a broad spectrum of FGF… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34551969 · Meric-Bernstam et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | |||||
| FGFR2 M538I1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID13271Among 45 patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib, one patient whose tumor harbored FGFR2 M538I achieved a partial response. The same tumor also harbored FGFR4 G665E, pr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27384874 · Kaibori et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR2 Overexpression4 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID6454Only 12/118(10.2%) of patients with type I papillary renal cell carcinoma expressed FGFR2 whereas 37/96 (38.5%) patients with type II papillary renal cell carcinoma(P=0.001). In addition, FGFR2 expre… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27379982 · Tsimafeyeu et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID6456Patients with high FGFR2 expression had an overall survival rate of 72.2,40.6% at 1,3 years (p<0.05) and those with low FGFR2 expression had a 1,3 year survival rate of 92.0,82.8% (p<0.05). The diseas… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20798558 · Harimoto et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | ||||
| FGFR3 G691R1 | ||||||||
| Infigratinib + PD173074Substitutes | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID4870FGFR3 G691R mutations were found in ~5.5% of lung adenocarcinoma patients using NGS and mass-spectrometry. The mutation was further found to transform NIH-3T3 cells and form tumors upon xenotransplant… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27998968 · Chandrani et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR3 K508M1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | D | Does Not Support Oncogenicity | 2 | submitted | EID11798The study analysed the expression of the two splice variants of FGFR3 (FGFR3-IIIb and FGFR3-IIIc/FGFR3-IIIc-KD) in two pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines (Capan-2 and BxPC-3). The FGFR3-IIIc-… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23902722 · Lafitte et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR3 S249C1 | ||||||||
| Infigratinib + PD173074Substitutes | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID4871In this study, 363 lung adenocarcinoma tumors of Indian origin were analyzed using targeted next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry genotyping, and FGFR3 mutations were identified in 20 tumor… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27998968 · Chandrani et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| TACC3 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Futibatinib | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID11638In a phase 1 multihistology trial of the FGFR1/2/3/4 inhibitor futibatinib, an objective response rate of 13.7% was seen with responses in a broad spectrum of tumors and across a broad spectrum of FGF… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34551969 · Meric-Bernstam et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR4 G665E1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID13272Among 45 patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib, one patient whose tumor harbored FGFR4 G665E achieved a partial response. The same tumor also harbored FGFR2 M538I, pr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27384874 · Kaibori et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FGFR4 Overexpression3 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID7520In a xenograft model, FGFR4 overexpressing HCC827 cells exhibited higher resistance to erlotinib. And also, H1975 cells showed resistance to erlotinib. The combination of erlotinib and FGFR1/2/3/4 inh… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31027687 · Quintanal-Villalonga et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib + FexagratinibCombination | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7521In a xenograft model, FGFR4 overexpressing HCC827 cells exhibited higher resistance to erlotinib. And also, H1975 cells showed resistance to erlotinib. The combination of erlotinib and FGFR1/2/3/4 inh… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31027687 · Quintanal-Villalonga et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dovitinib + FGF/VEGF Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, PD173074Substitutes | ||||||||
| FH Deficient2 | ||||||||
| Bevacizumab + ErlotinibCombination | Hereditary Renal Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12939In the open‑label phase II AVATAR trial (NCT01130519), patients with HLRCC‑associated papillary RCC harboring germline FH pathogenic variants (n = 43) received erlotinib plus bevacizumab, with ORR as … (full text at CIViC) PMID 40532152 · Srinivasan et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12940In the open‑label phase II AVATAR trial (NCT01130519), patients with sporadic papillary RCC (n = 40) received erlotinib plus bevacizumab, with ORR as the primary endpoint. They demonstrated a lower OR… (full text at CIViC) PMID 40532152 · Srinivasan et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FLCN c.1285dupC1 | ||||||||
| Everolimus | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | accepted | EID10137A case study showed that the mTOR inhibitor everolimus exhibited a relatively long-term effect in a patient with renal cell carcinoma and a FLCN germline mutation (c. 1285dupC, likely loss of function… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23995526 · Nakamura et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FLCN Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Everolimus | Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID5990In a patient with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome-associated papillary renal cell carcinoma use of everolimus as sixth-line systematic treatment exhibited a relatively long-term effect as compared with the pr… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23995526 · Nakamura et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FLT3 T227M1 | ||||||||
| Sunitinib | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Adverse Response | 3 | accepted | EID1317In 219 patients with mostly Renal Cell Carcinoma and some Gastrointestinal Stromal tumors given sunitinib treatment, FLT3 T227M (rs1933437) was associated with the development of leukopenia. 95% confi… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19667267 · van Erp et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| FOS Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Irbesartan | Colon Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1634A 67-year-old female presents with recurrent metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical and genetic workup showed overexpression of c-JUN and FOS, which presumably signals through the RAA… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27022066 · Jones et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GALNT14 rs96791621 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID10100From October 2015 to April 2019, 103 HCC patients scheduled to receive chemoembolization were screened. Of them, 84 met inclusion criteria and were assigned to TT (TACE) (n = 25), Non-TT (TACE) (n = 3… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34982369 · Chen et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GATA2 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Bortezomib + FasudilCombination | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID301Targeting overactive GATA2-mediated pathways with inhibitors bortezomib and fasudil led to dramatic tumor regression. PMID 22541434 · Kumar et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GNAS c.393T>C1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID2896In this study, Kaplan-Meier curves for tumor progression, development of metastasis, and tumor-related death showed a significant association of the T393C polymorphism with outcome (5-year cancer-spec… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16467086 · Frey et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GNAS Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Palbociclib | Pseudomyxoma Peritonei | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID13146This paper details a prospective single-arm personalized cancer therapy study with n = 16 patients. The disease type was peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis, predominantly of appendiceal origin. Palboc… (full text at CIViC) PMID 39413348 · Weitz et al., 2025 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GNAS R2011 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Pseudomyxoma Peritonei | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1994Significantly shorter median progression-free survival was observed in relapsed pseudomyxoma peritonei patients with GNAS mutations (N=9; 5.3 months) as compared to wild-type (N=6; not reached; p < 0.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27154293 · Pietrantonio et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| GNAS R201H1 | ||||||||
| Radioactive Iodine | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID3045A 79 year old patient with prior 5-year history of Graves' disease presented with follicular thyroid carcinoma. Two mutations NRAS p.Q61K and GNAS p.R201H were detected. The thyroid cancer manifested … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26788326 · Lu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib + LarotrectinibSequential | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID13049This case study reports a 78 year old patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma harboring a GP2::NTRK1 gene fusion characterized by an in-frame rearrangement involving exon 2 of GP2 and exon 8 of NTRK1. … (full text at CIViC) PMID 42412359 · Tazuma et al., 2026 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HAVCR2 Overexpression2 | ||||||||
| PD1 Inhibitor | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID1150In a preclinical study in an immunocompetent mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma, upregulation of alternative immune checkpoints, notably T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3, aka HAVCR2) was observed … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26883990 · Koyama et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody + PD1 InhibitorCombination | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1151In a preclinical study in an immunocompetent mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma, upregulation of alternative immune checkpoints, notably T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3, aka HAVCR2) was observed … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26883990 · Koyama et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HDAC2 Expression1 | ||||||||
| Abexinostat + PazopanibCombination | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID7057In this phase Ib study (NCT01543763), the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor abexinostat was used in combination with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib to evaluate the effect of abexinos… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28221861 · Aggarwal et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HIF1A 3' UTR Polymorphism1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID1031The HIF1A rs2057482 SNP was genotyped in 410 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases and 490 healthy controls. The CC genotype was significantly correlated with PDAC risk (OR = 1.719, 95% CI: 1.293-2.2… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26872370 · Wang et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HIF1A EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Pazopanib | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID1674Immunohistochemical staining for HIF1A was performed on tumor samples from 65 patients that received pazopanib as part of VEG102616, of which 17 were classified as low expression and 48 were classifie… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23881929 · Choueiri et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HMOX1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Sorafenib + SunitinibSubstitutes | Renal Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID829In 66 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, high expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was associated with poor overall response rate (2.6% versus 53.6%, P<0.01), clinical benefit rate (47.4% v… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26309414 · Zheng et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HRAS Q611 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Thyroid Gland Follicular CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID6960Follicular thyroid cancers harboring RAS mutations have limited aggressiveness in the absence of TERT mutations. 2/2 follicular thyroid cancer patients with co-mutations in NRAS (10 Q61R and 1 Q61K) o… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25448848 · Muzza et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HSPB1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Gemcitabine | Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID939HSP27 (HSPB1) expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines was associated with sensitivity to treatment with gemcitabine. PMID 22004109 · Schäfer et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 7 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| submitted |
EID7519In a cell viability assay, FGF19 overexpression in MHCC97L cells prevented cell death against sorafenib. PMID 28069043 · Gao et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC |
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| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 2 |
| submitted |
EID13276Three FGFR2-amplified gastric cancer cell lines showed submicromolar sensitivity to sorafenib in growth-inhibition assays: HSC-43, HSC-39, and KATOIII had IC50 values of 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4 μM, respecti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22890726 · Arao et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC |
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| 3 |
| submitted |
EID6460FGFR1, -2, -3, and -4 were expressed in 5.3%, 11.1%, 3.8%, and 52.7% of HCCs, respectively. Among the development set of 153 patients, FGFR2 positivity in HCC was associated with a significantly short… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25834803 · Lee et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Prognostic | D | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | submitted | EID6466It is clear that patients with FGFR2/Plcγ1/Grb2 relative concentrations as: high/high/low have the poorest prognosis whilst those having FGFR2/Plcγ1/Grb2 as: low/low/high drastically enhances the prog… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26693065 · Timsah et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| HER2-Positive Breast CarcinomaALIAS |
| Predictive |
| D |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID5828ERBB2-positive breast cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-361 and MDA-MB-453 were found to display outlier expression of FGFR4. Targeting FGFR4 in FGFR4 overexpressing ERBB2-positive breast cancer samp… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24124571 · Li et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC |
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