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Variants & evidence
7,135 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR AR-V71 | ||||||||
| Enzalutamide + GaleteroneSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9549In a clinical study including 38 AR-V7 positive patients treated with Galeterone (19) and Enzalutamide (19), PSA50 response rates is 13% for Galeterone and 42% for Enzalutamide. | civic |
| AREG Expression6 | ||||||||
| Unspecified therapy | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | rejected | EID84747 HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab/docetaxel were retrospectively analyzed for EGFRvIII, EGFR and AREG expression with IHC. 45% of cases expressed high level of AREG. High AREG expression in tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21653686 · Tinhofer et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID788226 cetuximab-treated patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed for mRNA expression (by qPCR) of EGFR and its ligands (EGF, TGFA, AREG and EREG). High AREG mRNA expression in KRAS wild type … (full text at CIViC) PMID 23374602 · Pentheroudakis et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + DocetaxelCombination | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | |||||||
| AR F877L1 | ||||||||
| Apalutamide + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID447Mutations F876L in the ligand binding domain of the androgen receptor confered resistance to enzalutamide and ARN-509, causing these compounds to function as partial agonists in two prostate cancer ce… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23779130 · Joseph et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| Entrectinib | GlioblastomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 1 | submitted | EID12606In the STARTRK-NG Phase 1/2 trial of entrectinib in pediatric patients, with extracranial solid tumors or primary CNS tumors, aged <22 years with relapsed or refractory disease, tumors with fusions… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35395680 · Desai et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Loss3 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma | Oncogenic | B | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID13135Ovarian clear cell carcinoma is a relatively chemotherapy-refractory ovarian cancer subtype with a comparatively stable genome and a well-recognized association with endometriosis, but the somatic alt… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20942669 · Wiegand et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Atezolizumab + Nivolumab + PembrolizumabSubstitutes | Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID6399Treatment with anti-PD-L1 antibody reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival of mice bearing ARID1A-deficient but not ARID1A-wild-type ovarian tumors. ARID1A deficiency contributes to impaired MMR a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 29736026 · Shen et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sorafenib | Malignant Liver Neoplasm | Predictive | ||||||
| ARID1A Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11907This study sequenced 73 DLBCL tumors (34 with matched constitutional DNA) and reported 322 genes they deemed recurrently mutated. Only genes that have been confirmed by other similar studies were adde… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23292937 · Zhang et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Q185*1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Burkitt Lymphoma | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11813Reported as significantly mutated in BL per the cited study. An arbitrarily selected variant from the study is included here. PMID 30617194 · Grande et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Q456*1 | ||||||||
| Dasatinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID4487In an in vitro study, human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 cell line was made to homozygously express ARID1A Q546* via adeno-associated virus-mediated somatic gene targeting. Compared to the paren… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27364904 · Miller et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID1A Underexpression2 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID5676This study included 290 patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma whose tumor tissues were sampled and then analyzed. These samples were then divided according to ARID1A expression after immunohis… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25628030 · Park et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Gastric Neoplasm | Prognostic | D | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID5675In this study, real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays were used in 66 pairs of cancerous and matched adjacent normal tissues. In 43 of those pairs, the expression level of ARID1A was significantly lower… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22808142 · Wang et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ARID2 R1273* (c.3817C>T)1 | ||||||||
| (predisposing) | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Predisposing | D | Supports Predisposition | 3 | submitted | EID8051Mutation of ARID2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is often seen. There is about 6/16 of the truncated mutations found at the C2H2 domain (zinc finger) and about 16/24 mutations show that this domain… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32071245 · Jiang et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR Mutation1 | ||||||||
| Bicalutamide + Cyproterone Acetate + Flutamide + NilutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID1521In a study of 150 patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), 71.3% of cases (n=107) harbored androgen receptor (AR) pathway aberrations. Within the AR mutation cohort, 78… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26000489 · Robinson et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR OVEREXPRESSION2 | ||||||||
| Bicalutamide + LeuprolideCombination | Malignant Salivary Gland NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID6953In this single institution, open-label, single arm, phase II Trial, salivary gland carcinomas, staining positive for androgen receptor expression on IHC (minimum of 1% tumor cells), were treated with … (full text at CIViC) PMID 29211833 · Fushimi et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | Malignant Breast Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID859In-vitro and xenograft studies of response of breast cancer cell lines to PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 showed that sensitivity correlated with expression of the androgen receptor (AR). Reintroductio… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24356815 · Wang et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR Overexpression of AR-V91 | ||||||||
| Abiraterone | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9491In a clinical study including 78 patients with metastatic CRPC, multivariate analyses show that overexpression of AR-V9 is significantly correlated to primary resistance to abiraterone (p = 0.02). PMID 28473535 · Kohli et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR SPLICE VARIANT 71 | ||||||||
| Abiraterone + EnzalutamideSubstitutes | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | rejected | EID1126In 31enzalutamide-treated and 31 abiraterone-treated patients, detectable levels of AR-V7 was associated with resistance in these patients with castration resistant prostate cancer. PMID 25184630 · Antonarakis et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR V1 expression1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | submitted | EID9577In a prospective clinical study including 52 patients, expression of AR-FL or AR-V1 or AR-V3 or AR-V7 or AR-V9 are not significantly associated with PSA response change. However, in a multivariate ana… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31180178 · Sieuwerts et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR V567es expression1 | ||||||||
| Taxane Compound | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 4 | submitted | EID9579In a clinical study including 54 patients treated with taxane, AR-V567es expression is significantly correlated with a response change in PSA (p = 0.04) and a decrease in PFS (p = 0.02). PMID 30301829 · Tagawa et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR V9 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Abiraterone Acetate | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | E | Supports Resistance | 3 | submitted | EID5789Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) often develops after Androgen Deprivation Therapy due to reactivation of transcription of the Androgen Receptor (AR). Transcriptional reactivation can be du… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28473535 · Kohli et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AR W7421 | ||||||||
| Bicalutamide | Prostate Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID448LNCaP-FGC cells with mutations at codon 741 (W741C, W741L) were able to use bicalutamide as an AR agonist, promoting cell growth and increased prostate-specific antigen secretion. PMID 12517791 · Hara et al., 2003 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ASCL1 EXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor | Prognostic | B | Supports Better Outcome | 5 | submitted | EID7055This retrospective study analyzed the role of ASCL1 expression in the overall prognosis of patients with atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. ASCL1 expression was found to correlate with superior 5-year… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25882982 · Torchia et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ASNS Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Asparaginase | Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID953ASNS amplification and expression was associated with resistance to L-asparaginase in ovarian cancer and leukemia cell lines. ASNS silencing increased sensitivity to l-ASP in 2/3 of ovarian cancer cel… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17088436 · Lorenzi et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| TFE3 Fusion7 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID9978Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is characterized by the presence of an unbalanced translocation der(17)t(X;17)(p11;q25). In this 2001 paper, FISH with YAC and cosmid probes was used to localize the… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11244503 · Ladanyi et al., 2001 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 4 | accepted | EID11530In this 2012 paper, the authors assessed potential characteristic markers in 24 alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS cases), age range from 13 to 61 years, and 23 non-ASPS tumors. Nuclear immunoreactivity… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21835426 · Tsuji et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Renal Cell Carcinoma with MiT Translocations | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | ||||
| ASS1 Loss1 | ||||||||
| Carboplatin + Cisplatin + TaxolSubstitutes | Malignant Ovarian Neoplasm | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID5989Preclinical evidence for epigenetic inactivation of ASS1 as a determinant of response to platinum chemotherapy suggesting that silencing of ASS1 contributes to treatment failure and clinical relapse i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19533750 · Nicholson et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ASS1 UNDEREXPRESSION1 | ||||||||
| Chloroquine + PegargiminaseCombination | Sarcoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID598890% out of 700 sarcoma samples (comprising 45 histologies) demonstrated loss or reduction of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 expression. Arginine auxotrophy confers sensitivity to arginine deprivation.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27735949 · Bean et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ASXL1 EXON 12 MUTATION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID1379In patients with de novo AML who received intensive chemotherapy, ASXL1 mutations (N=51) were associated with shorter overall (P<0.001) and event free survival (P=0.012) compared to ASXL1 wild-type (N… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23018865 · Schnittger et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ASXL1 Mutation7 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 5 | accepted | EID1513Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia showed an synergistic mortality rate with ASXL1 and SRSF2 co-mutations such that individual mutations of either ASXL1 or SRSF2 resulted in ~20% probability of surv… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27276561 · Papaemmanuil et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID451In a meta-analysis of six studies totalling 3311 patients with non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia, those with mutations in ASXL1 had worse overall survival than wild-type patients (Hazard ratio 1.86, 95% C… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25308295 · Shivarov et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
| JAK2 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID7671In the study involving 1725 B-ALL patients, 264 were identified by microarray-based algorithm to have a Ph-like expression signature. Next generation sequencing (RNAseq, WGS, and/or WES) performed on … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25207766 · Roberts et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID8095In B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL), the presence of this fusion is associated with so-called BCR/ABL1 like (Ph-like) subtype of the disease. The ATF7IP-JAK2 fusion is rare; in this study inv… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27870571 · Roberts et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ATM A2062V1 | ||||||||
| Doxorubicin | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID2846Primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells were taken from chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, some of whom had prior therapy. The effect of the A2062V variant on ATM expression was tested by weste… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23585524 · Navrkalova et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ATM A2274T1 | ||||||||
| Doxorubicin | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2848In an in vitro study using primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells from patients with mutated (n=8) and wildtype (n=5) ATM, inhibition of cell growth was used as an assay to determine sensiti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23585524 · Navrkalova et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 13 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| 2 |
| accepted |
EID84647 HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab/docetaxel were retrospectively analyzed for EGFRvIII, EGFR and AREG expression with IHC. 45% of cases expressed high level of AREG. High AREG expression in tum… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21653686 · Tinhofer et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC |
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| Crizotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID781Five patients with acquired resistance to crizotinib showed high concentration of amphiregulin in malignant pleural effusions. PMID 23344087 · Kim et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID780A cell line (DFCI076) with EML1-ALK fusion and resistance mutation L1152R showed no response to ALK inhibition with crizotinib or TAE684. There was co-dependancy on AKT and EGFR-signaling and inhibiti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21791641 · Sasaki et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Panitumumab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1020Prospectively planned retrospective biomarker study in archived tumor tissue from 323 patients from the PICCOLO trial (panitumumab plus irinotecan in CRC patients with KRAS wt). Tumors were classified… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26867820 · Seligmann et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| D |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 3 |
| submitted |
EID7328Arid1a-deficiency activates Ang2-dependent angiogenesis and promotes HCC progression. Loss of Arid1a in HCCs confers sensitivity to Ang2 blockade and sorafenib treatment. PMID 29113912 · Hu et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC |
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| 3 |
| rejected |
EID11529Argani, et al. (2001) included eight morphologically distinctive renal cell carcinomas with the t(X;17) translocation as seen in alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), with the distinction that the t(X;17… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28766250 · Ju et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID11531This study by Ju, et al. (2018) consisted of nine cases of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). The age of patients ranged from 7 to 36 years. Total mRNA was extracted from seven of the nine ASPS paraff… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28766250 · Ju et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Renal Cell Carcinoma with MiT Translocations | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID11532Argani, et al. (2001) included eight morphologically distinctive renal cell carcinomas with the t(X;17) translocation as seen in alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), with the distinction that the t(X;17… (full text at CIViC) PMID 11438465 · Argani et al., 2001 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (oncogenic) | Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | accepted | EID9883Goodwin, et al. (2014) presented in vivo study on mice carrying the ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion gene. The results showed that Rosa26-LSL-AT3/CreER mice expressed tumors histological equal to the human’s alveo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25453902 · Goodwin et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Sarcoma | Oncogenic | D | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID9884Ishiguro, et al. (2016) presented in vitro functional study on different cell lines. The ASPSCR1-TFE3 (here referred to as ASPL-TFE3) fusion gene induction of expression resulted in cell cycle arrest … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27673450 · Ishiguro et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Diagnostic |
| B |
| Supports Positive |
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID450Among patients with AML, those with mutations in ASXL1 were more likely to have the AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) subtype. PMID 25412851 · Ohgami et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC |
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| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1378In older patients (>59 years) with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia classified as ELN favorable, multivariate analysis identified ASXL1 mutations (12/99 patients) were associated with low… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22031865 · Metzeler et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Primary MyelofibrosisALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1508An ASXL1 mutation, especially in conjunction with DNMT3A and EZH2 mutations, results in a fourfold increase in resistance to treatment with ruxolitinib and a reduced time to treatment discontinuation … (full text at CIViC) PMID 26124496 · Patel et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Myelodysplastic SyndromeCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | submitted | EID6942In a study of 439 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, patients with ASXL1 mutations (N=63) had worse overall survival than wildtype patients (N=376) (P=0.003 univariate). This difference was also … (full text at CIViC) PMID 21714648 · Bejar et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID449In patients with acute myeloid leukemia, in a univariate analysis those with mutations in ASXL1 had worse overall survival than wild-type. PMID 25412851 · Ohgami et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |