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Variants & evidence
7,756 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TYMS Amplification1 | ||||||||
| Pemetrexed | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID903TYMS copy number was lower in clinical samples responding to pemetrexed in combination with platinum (n=25). The same was found in 17 cell lines. PMID 23645741 · Kasai et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| TYMS Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13313Reduced TYMS expression by shRNA increased fluorouracil cytotoxicity in HCT-116, HT-29, and SW620 colorectal cancer cells, with approximately 3- to 8-fold enhancement of drug sensitivity. PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| TYMS Overexpression3 | ||||||||
| Pemetrexed | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID832mRNA expression of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) in 62 NSCLC patients correlated with response rate to pemetrexed mono- or combination therapy. Response rate with low TYMS expression was 0.29 compared w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26502926 · Chamizo et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID922mRNA levels of TYMS, DHFR and GARFT were assessed (rt-PCR) in 50 patient samples of NSCLC. TYMS mRNA levels were lower in responders compared to non-responders to pemetrexed (1.671 ± 0.844 versus 5.97… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23060591 · Shimizu et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Raltitrexed | Gastric Adenocarcinoma | |||||||
| TYMS RS347430331 | ||||||||
| Methotrexate | Malignant NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Adverse Response | 3 | accepted | EID1843499 children from ALL trials treated with methotrexate were genotyped for 8 SNPs in 5 genes. The TYMS rs34743033 tandem repeat polymorphism was the only significant predictor of stomatitis in a multip… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23652803 · Radtke et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| TYMS Underexpression2 | ||||||||
| Pemetrexed | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID90749 tumor specimens from 268 NSCLC patients treated with pemetrexed were evaluated for expression of TYMS and DHFR by IHC and compared to treatment outcomes. Patients with low TS (≤150) expression had … (full text at CIViC) PMID 21367480 · Chen et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Prostate Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID908Case report of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer and underexpression of TYMS who showed a nonspecified response to pemetrexed for at least 4 months. PMID 24782778 · Russell et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| U2AF1 MUTATION1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Primary MyelofibrosisALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 4 | accepted | EID1262In a large study of patients with primary myelofibrosis evaluating mutations associated with anemia, 457 patients were evaluated for U2AF1 mutations. U2AF1 mutations were significantly associated with… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27058230 · Barraco et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| U2AF1 Q157P/R4 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Diagnostic | B | Does Not Support Positive | 3 | submitted | EID217Age, sex, FAB subtype and karyotypes were not statistically significant between AML patients with U2AF Q157P/R mutations and those who harbor wild type U2AF. PMID 23029227 · Qian et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Myelodysplastic SyndromeCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID400After adjusting for age and cancer stage, presence of U2AF mutation such as Q157P/R is prognostic for poorer survival outcomes in patients with MDS. PMID 23861105 · Wu et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support | ||||
| U2AF1 S34Y/F3 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Diagnostic | B | Does Not Support Positive | 3 | submitted | EID218Age, sex, FAB subtype and karyotypes were not statistically significant between AML patients with U2AF S34Y/F mutations and those who harbor wild type U2AF. PMID 23029227 · Qian et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (prognostic) | Myelodysplastic SyndromeCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID401After adjusting for age and cancer stage, the presence of U2AF mutations such as S34Y/F are prognostic for poorer survival outcomes in patients with MDS. PMID 23861105 · Wu et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support | ||||
| UBE2A Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaCURATED_BROADER | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11994This study reportedly sequenced 1001 DLBCL tumors using whole exome sequencing. They reported 150 recurrently mutated genes. Some concerns about the validity of the results have been expressed in subs… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28985567 · Reddy et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UBR5 Mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Mantle Cell Lymphoma | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID11897Through a meta-analysis of exome and whole genome sequencing data, this study identified 18 genes that were significantly enriched for mutations in MCL including UBR5. This gene has also been reported… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32160292 · Pararajalingam et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UBTF UBTF-TD1 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Acute Myeloid LeukemiaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 5 | submitted | EID12179UBTF tandem duplications frequently found in patients with relapsed AML. PMID 35176137 · Umeda et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UCK2 Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13316shRNA-mediated reduction of UCK2 expression significantly sensitized HCT-116, HT-29, and SW620 colorectal cancer cells to fluorouracil, decreasing IC50 approximately 3- to 6-fold. PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NTRK2 e6::e71 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Osteosarcoma | Oncogenic | C | Does Not Support Oncogenicity | 3 | accepted | EID11697Using next-generation DNA and RNA sequencing, three cases harboring NTRK fusions were identified in a cohort of 113 osteosarcomas (including both primary tumors and metastases). Each of the three case… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32022484 · Ameline et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UGT1A1 UGT1A1*281 | ||||||||
| Belinostat | Malignant NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | A | Supports Adverse Response | 5 | accepted | EID1792The FDA approved package insert for Belinostat recommends dose adjustment for UGT1A1*28 allele homozygotes. PMID 26313268 · Goey et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UGT1A1 UGT1A1*601 | ||||||||
| Belinostat | Malignant NeoplasmALIAS | Predictive | B | Supports Adverse Response | 4 | accepted | EID1795In a phase 1 trial belinostat (400-800mg/m2/24h) was administered to 25 patients in combination with cisplatin and etoposide. Endpoints were associations between genotype of UGT1A1 and pharmacokinetic… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26313268 · Goey et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UGT1A Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Ganetespib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID866Colorectal cancer cell lines were evaluated for response to the HSP90 inhibitor ganetespib. Correlating cell line-specific IC50s with the corresponding gene expression patterns revealed a possible re… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25210794 · Landmann et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UMPS Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID13322shRNA-mediated reduction of UMPS expression increased resistance to fluorouracil by approximately twofold in HCT-116 and SW620 colorectal cancer cells, as measured by increased IC50. PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| UNG Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13319Reduction of UNG expression by shRNA significantly sensitized all three colorectal cancer cell lines to fluorouracil. Across the UNG, NME1, and RRM1 experiments, IC50 decreases ranged from approximate… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| JAK2 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Diagnostic | C | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID7705In B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL), the presence of this fusion is associated with so-called BCR/ABL1 like (Ph-like) subtype of the disease. The USP25-JAK2 fusion is rare; this study involve… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28408464 · Reshmi et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| USP7 mutation1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | Burkitt Lymphoma | Oncogenic | E | Supports Oncogenicity | 3 | submitted | EID11824Described in multiple genome-wide studies of BL PMID 30617194 · Grande et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ABL1 Fusion1 | ||||||||
| (oncogenic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Oncogenic | A | Supports Oncogenicity | 4 | submitted | EID6936The study showed association of the ABL1 fusions with partner genes other than BCR with a specific molecular/genetic subtype of B-lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by the expression signature simil… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25207766 · Roberts et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ABL2 Fusion2 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Diagnostic | A | Supports Positive | 3 | submitted | EID6963The study showed that in B-ALL the the presence of ABL2 fusions with different partner genes is diagnostic for the so-called BCR-ABL1-like (or Philadelphia (Ph)-like) molecular subtype of B-ALL. Ph-l… (full text at CIViC) PMID 25207766 · Roberts et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Imatinib | B Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7250The RCSD1-ABL2 fusion was identified in a 5 yo boy with Ph-like B-ALL and Klinefelter syndrome. Following standard induction therapy the patient had an MRD of 1.2% in bone marrow, and continued to be … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25207766 · Roberts et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| ALK Fusion19 | ||||||||
| Alectinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID1282In this Phase II trial of 87 patients (NCT01871805), alectinib was assayed for safety and efficacy in ALK positive NSCLC that had progressed on crizotinib. Of 69 patients with measurable disease, 35 a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26708155 · Shaw et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID7284In a phase 3 trial, 303 patients with NSCLC with ALK fusion were randomly assigned to alectinib arm (N=152) or crizotinib arm (N=151). PFS was significantly longer with alectinib than with crizotinib … (full text at CIViC) PMID 28586279 · Peters et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma | |||||||
Data updated 6 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| 2 |
| accepted |
EID929In 125 gastric tumors, plasma and tissue mRNA levels of TYMS were lower in the raltitrexed sensitive group compared to the resistant group (p = 0.007 and 0.013, respectively). PMID 22422354 · Shen et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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| 2 |
| accepted |
EID338In patients with AML, those who harbor Q157P/R mutation of U2AF1 do not show a statistically significant difference in complete remission rate compared to those who harbor wild type U2AF1. PMID 23029227 · Qian et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Myelodysplastic SyndromeCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Does Not Support N/A | 2 | accepted | EID339In patients with MDS, those who harbor Q157P/R mutation of U2AF do not show statistical significance in complete remission rate compared to those who harbor wild type U2AF. PMID 23029227 · Qian et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 2 |
| accepted |
EID340In patients with AML, complete remission rates are not different between patients who harbor the U2AF1 S34Y/F mutation and those with wild type U2AF1. PMID 23029227 · Qian et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
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| Predictive |
| A |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| 5 |
| submitted |
EID7533In this phase II study the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of twice daily 600mg alectinib treatment was assessed in 138 patients with advanced NSCLC harboring ALK rearrangements (previously det… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26598747 · Ou et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC |
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| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID7872National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend alectinib for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC who are previously untreated or previously treated with crizotinib, including those with bra… (full text at CIViC) PMID 30030733 · Paik et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID8657A randomized phase 3 trial (J-ALEX) of 207 Japanese ALK-positive NSCLC patients compared the efficacy and safety of alectinib (300mg twice daily) and crizotinib (250mg twice daily) in the first-line s… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28501140 · Hida et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID12012In this global phase 3 trial, 257 patients with ALK-positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer were treated with either alectinib (n = 130) or chemotherapy (n = 127). 93.8 % of the patients who had received … (full text at CIViC) PMID 38598794 · Wu et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1279In this Phase I trial (NCT01588028) in 47 patients, alectinib was assessed for its effectiveness in treating locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC that had progressed or been resistant to … (full text at CIViC) PMID 25153538 · Gadgeel et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1272In this initial report of a single-arm Phase I and II study (JapicCTI-101264) of alectinib (CH5424802), 46 patients with advanced or metastatic ALK-rearranged non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23639470 · Seto et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID1273In this case study of a critically ill 29 year old male nonsmoker with advanced metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC, alectinib (CH5424802), was administered as first line treatment. Where most clinical tria… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26938871 · Yoshida et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Brigatinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID11121The phase III ALTA-1L open-label randomized trial examined 275 NSCLC patients given brigatinib (137 patients) vs crizotinib (138 patients). Patients were ALK fusion positive by an FDA-approved diagno… (full text at CIViC) PMID 32780660 · Camidge et al., 2020 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | rejected | EID1323Development of second generation ALK inhibitors has been underway in order to address resistance to first line treatments such as crizotinib in ALK-rearranged NSCLC. Brigatinib is a potent dual inhib… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26951079 · Wu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID4835In a phase II randomized trial we evaluated two regimens of Brigatinib in Crizotinib-refractory ALK-pos. NSCLC. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to oral Brigatinib 90 mg once daily (arm A) or 180 mg … (full text at CIViC) PMID 28475456 · Kim et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7053A single-arm, open-label, phase 1/2 trial showed that 51 (72% [60-82]) out of 71 patients with crizotinib-treated and crizotinib-naive ALK-rearranged NSCLC responded to the ALK inhibitor, Brigatinib. PMID 27836716 · Gettinger et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Ceritinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID7285In a phase 3 trial, patients with previously treatmented NSCLC with ALK fusion were randomly assigned to ceritinib or chemotherapy. Ceritinib showed a significant improvement in median PFS compared w… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28602779 · Shaw et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11190In a phase 3 trial (ASCEND-4, NCT01828099), a comparison of the selective ALK inhibitor ceritinib (750 mg daily) to chemotherapy (cisplatin or carboplatin plus pemetrexed) in 376 untreated ALK-fusion… (full text at CIViC) PMID 28126333 · Soria et al., 2017 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID1175Updated results from ASCEND-1 trial assessing safety and activity of ceritinib in ALK rearranged locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC. 255 patients were enrolled and received at least one dose of ceri… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26973324 · Kim et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID7535This dose escalation phase 1 study examined the safety and efficacy of ceritinib in 122 NSCLC patients harboring ALK rearrangements (determined by break-apart FISH). Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was d… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24670165 · Shaw et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7546In a phase I study of the efficacy of ceritinib in ALK fusion positive cancer, a single patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma was treated with 750mg daily ceritinb and had a partial response. Du… (full text at CIViC) PMID 24670165 · Shaw et al., 2014 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Crizotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID1187In the Phase I study PROFILE 1001 (NCT00585195), a recommended crizotinib dose of 250 mg twice daily for 28 day cycles was established. Among 1,500 advanced NSCLC patients who were screened for ALK-re… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20979469 · Kwak et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |