Cancer Family
Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00000256Explore in graph →
2,775 active trials51 approved drugs626 evidence items
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Cancer Family
CI-CAN-00000256Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
1,304 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS G12A1 | ||||||||
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID3716In a phase 1 clinical trial (NCT01187615) of advanced, chemotherapy-naive, lung adenocarcinoma patients (n=9), a patient with KRAS G12A mutation was reported to have partial response (progression free… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26003007 · Hellmann et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12C25 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | accepted | EID1217In a study of 48 NSCLC patients, those with G12C or G12V mutant KRAS were associated with decreased progression free survival (1.84 months) compared with other KRAS mutants or with wild-type KRAS (3.3… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22247021 · Ihle et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| (diagnostic) | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 2 | accepted | EID227KRAS G12C occur more frequently in women than men. PMID 23014527 · Dogan et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Adagrasib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | |||
| KRAS G12D17 | ||||||||
| (diagnostic) | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Diagnostic | B | Supports Positive | 3 | accepted | EID228KRAS G12D mutation occurs in never smokers significantly more often than in smokers. PMID 23014527 · Dogan et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dabrafenib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID91A 63 year old patient was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and received several treatment regimens over approximately three years, including carboplatin/paclitaxel, erlotinib, pemetrexed/bevacizumab… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23524406 · Rudin et al., 2013 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3951In recurrent lung cancer patients treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, patients with KRAS mutations had a lower frequency of partial response (PR) and… | |
| KRAS G12D + MET Splice Site (c.2888_3028del)METKRAS1 | ||||||||
| Crizotinib | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | submitted | EID11461A 45-year old male (heavy smoker) presented with stage IV NSCLC (moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Sanger sequencing revealed a MET exon 14 splice site mutation (c.2888_3028del) and KRAS G12D … (full text at CIViC) PMID 27257131 · Liu et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12D + TSC1 Loss-of-functionKRASTSC11 | ||||||||
| Sirolimus | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID154Following rapamycin treatment of mice with KrasG12D-induced lung adenocarcinomas, mice with Tsc1 deletion (exon17/18 deletion resulting in frameshift) in the lung exhibit increased overall survival, i… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19966866 · Liang et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12/G131 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib + GefitinibSubstitutes | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID35In 60 patients with NSCLC, Exon 2 KRAS mutations were associated with resistance to the EGFR kinase inhibitors gefitinib or erlotinib (9/38 refractory vs 0/21 sensitive patients; P=0.0201). PMID 15696205 · Pao et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12R2 | ||||||||
| Erlotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3993In a retrospective study of 274 stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (25/55) treated with erlotinib plus chemotherapy were associated with decreas… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16043828 · Eberhard et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3995In a prospective study of 522 European non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (42/307) treated with erlotinib as a second-, third-line or more treatment were associa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22982650 · Cadranel et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12S2 | ||||||||
| Dasatinib | Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4020In an in vitro study, the A549 cell line, which harbors the KRAS G12S mutation, was found to have insensitivity to dasatinib treatment (IC50: 7.4 uM). In in vivo experiments, KRAS G12S expressing A549… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22328973 · Hammerman et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4013In a retrospective study of 274 stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (25/55) treated with erlotinib plus chemotherapy were associated with decreas… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16043828 · Eberhard et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
Data updated 15 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| submitted |
EID13009In the phase II cohort of the KRYSTAL-1 trial, 112 evaluable patients with previously treated advanced KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC were treated with adagrasib monotherapy (600-mg in capsule form twice dail… (full text at CIViC) PMID 35658005 · Jänne et al., 2022 · Open in CIViC |
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| ARS-1620 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID5927in a PDX model of NSCLC G12C-mutant KRAS, this mutation can be selectively targeted by ARS-1620, which represents a new generation of KRASG12C-specific inhibitors. PMID 29373830 · Janes et al., 2018 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Crizotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3980In a non-small cell lung cancer patient with an ALK gene rearrangement and a KRAS G12C co-mutation, KRAS G12C was reported to be resistant to crizotinib treatment. In an in vitro study, a CUTO-1 cell … (full text at CIViC) PMID 22235099 · Doebele et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3983In two lung adenocarcinoma patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement (known to be sensitizing to crizotinib) and KRAS G12C co-mutation, progressive disease in response to 2nd-line crizotinib monotherapy wa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26712101 · Ulivi et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Divarasib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID11652A phase 1 clinical study conducted with Divarasib in a total of 137 patients, of which 60 patients had NSCLC with G12C mutation in the KRAS gene. Confirmed response was noted in 53.4% (95% CI; 39.9 to… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37611121 · Sacher et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Docetaxel + SelumetinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | accepted | EID114283 patients from a phase II trial (docetaxel + placebo or MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib) with KRAS mutant tumors were retrospectively assessed for differences in OS, PFS, ORR and change in tumor size a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26125448 · Jänne et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3976In a retrospective study of 274 stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (25/55) treated with erlotinib plus chemotherapy were associated with decreas… (full text at CIViC) PMID 16043828 · Eberhard et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3977In a prospective study of 522 European non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (42/307) treated with erlotinib as a second-, third-line or more treatment were associa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22982650 · Cadranel et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Gefitinib | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2257In recurrent lung cancer patients treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, patients with KRAS mutations had a lower frequency of partial response (PR) and… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17409929 · Endoh et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Pan-RAF/MEK Molecular Glue NST-628 + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13158In KRAS G12C-mutant NCI-H23 tumor models, NST-628 enhanced the activity of KRAS G12C inhibition. In vivo, NST-628 at 2 mg/kg once daily or sotorasib at 100 mg/kg once daily slowed NCI-H23 tumor growth… (full text at CIViC) PMID 38588399 · Ryan et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sotorasib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | accepted | EID9431The phase II cohort of the CodeBreaK 100 study (NCT03600883) investigated the activity of the KRAS G12C inhibitor sotorasib in previously treated patients with KRAS G12C-mutated non-small cell lung ca… (full text at CIViC) PMID 34096690 · Skoulidis et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7387In a phase I trial, patients with solid tumor harboring KRAS G12C mutation were enrolled. Five out of ten patients with NSCLC showed partial response in this study. PMID 31239544 · Lindsay et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID7455In a phase1 trial, patients with advanced solid tumor harboring KRAS G12C mutation were treated selective KRAS G12C inhibitor AMG 510. Among the 10 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma, 4 patie… (full text at CIViC) | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID9959In a dose escalation study (NCT03600883) of AMG 510 (sotorasib) treatment, four KRAS G12C mutant lung cancer patients were treated with 180 mg (n=3) or 360 mg (n=1) doses. Objective responses were see… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 5 | submitted | EID9958In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to inhibit p-ERK a… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Adagrasib + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID11521Combination of the PAK4 inhibitor KPT9274 and KRASG12C inhibitors in preclinical models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) shows remarkably enhanced anti… (full text at CIViC) PMID 37703579 · Khan et al., 2023 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Afatinib + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9960In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| AMG511 + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9964In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Carboplatin + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9965In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Erlotinib + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 2 | submitted | EID9961In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| RMC-4550 + SotorasibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9962In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Sotorasib + TrametinibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID9963In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRAS G12C tumors and improved the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. AMG 510 was shown to cause synergist… (full text at CIViC) PMID 31666701 · Canon et al., 2019 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Selumetinib + TizaterkibCombination | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID9146In preclinical experiments using the KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC cell line NCI-H358, combination AZD0364 and selumetinib treatment showed synergistic effect as defined by a Loewe score >=5, as well as stro… (full text at CIViC) PMID 33273059 · Flemington et al., 2021 · Open in CIViC | civic |
PMID 17409929 · Endoh et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC
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| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3952In lung cancer patients, KRAS mutations were associated with reduced overall survival compared to patients with wildtype KRAS status (n=195, P=0.009, univariate analysis; risk ratio:1.8, 95% CI:1.1-3.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 10580029 · Nelson et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3953In stage II non-small cell lung cancer patients, KRAS mutations were associated with reduced overall survival compared to wildtype KRAS (13mo vs. 38mo, P=0.03). In patients with surgically resected st… (full text at CIViC) PMID 10080613 · Graziano et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3954Lung adenocarcinoma patients with KRAS mutations experienced reduced disease-free survival (63% vs. 44% , P=0.038) and overall survival (63% vs. n=32% , P=0.002) compared to wildtype KRAS patients. … (full text at CIViC) PMID 2199829 · Slebos et al., 1990 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3949In locally advanced or metastic (stage IIIB or IV) non-small cell lung cancer patients with KRAS mutations, those treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib … (full text at CIViC) PMID 16043828 · Eberhard et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3955In a prospective study of 522 European non-small cell lung cancer patients, patients with a KRAS exon 2 mutation (42/307) treated with erlotinib as a second-, third-line or more treatment were associa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22982650 · Cadranel et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Gefitinib | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2240In recurrent lung cancer patients treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, patients with KRAS mutations had a lower frequency of partial response (PR) and… (full text at CIViC) PMID 17409929 · Endoh et al., 2006 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2241In locally advanced or metastic (stage IIIB or IV) non-small cell lung cancer patients with KRAS mutations, those treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib … (full text at CIViC) PMID 16043828 · Eberhard et al., 2005 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2243In lung cancer patients, KRAS mutations were associated with reduced overall survival compared to patients with wildtype KRAS status (n=195, P=0.009, univariate analysis; risk ratio:1.8, 95% CI:1.1-3.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 10580029 · Nelson et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2244In stage II non-small cell lung cancer patients, KRAS mutations were associated with reduced overall survival compared to wildtype KRAS (13mo vs. 38mo, P=0.03). In patients with surgically resected st… (full text at CIViC) PMID 10080613 · Graziano et al., 1999 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID2245Lung adenocarcinoma patients with KRAS mutations experienced reduced disease-free survival (63% vs. 44% , P=0.038) and overall survival (63% vs. n=32% , P=0.002) compared to wildtype KRAS patients. … (full text at CIViC) PMID 2199829 · Slebos et al., 1990 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Lung Neoplasm | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID2246KRAS mutations have also been observed in biliary tract, bladder, breast, cervix, colon, endometrial, kidney, liver, melanoma, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| KRAS G12D Inhibitor HRS-4642 | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12137Zhou, C., et al. developed a novel KRAS G12D inhibitor, HRS-4642, and found that in preclincial experiments, HRS-4642 effectively reduced tumor growth compared to controls. After preclinical success, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 38942026 · Zhou et al., 2024 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib + SelumetinibCombination | Lung Adenocarcinoma | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | accepted | EID305The use of NVP-BEZ235 in conjunction with ARRY-142886, but not as monotherapy, in a lung cancer mouse model with an inducible KRAS G12D mutation (lox-stop-lox KRAS G12D floxed via inhaled adenoviral C… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19029981 · Engelman et al., 2008 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Setidegrasib | Lung Non-Small Cell CarcinomaCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | submitted | EID12937A phase 1 dose‑escalation and dose‑expansion study in patients with previously treated advanced KRAS p.G12D mutant NSCLC (NCT05382559; n = 203 overall; n = 45 NSCLC treated at the recommended phase 2 … (full text at CIViC) PMID 41879829 · Park et al., 2026 · Open in CIViC | civic |