Aspirin in Preventing Recurrence of Cancer in Patients With HER2 Negative Stage II-III Breast Cancer After Chemotherapy, Surgery, and/or Radiation Therapy

* Histologic documentation of women or men with node positive, HER2 negative, anatomic stage II or III breast carcinoma and high risk node negative (defined as estrogen receptor \[ER\] and progesterone receptor \[PR\] negative and tumor size \> 2 cm) within one year of diagnosis and free of recurrence; patients with pN1mic are eligible; if neoadjuvant therapy was received, either initial clinical stage (determined by physical and or radiologic examination) or post-operative pathologic stage can be used for eligibility purposes, with the higher stage determining eligibility; histologic documentation of node positivity is required; bilateral breast cancers are allowed, as long as both cancers are HER2 negative and at least one of the cancers meets eligibility
* Any ER/progesterone receptor (PgR) status allowed
* Prior adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy, as determined by the treating physician, is allowed; the last dose of chemotherapy or radiation therapy must be at least 30 days prior to study registration; concurrent hormonal therapy will be allowed
* Regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)/aspirin use at any dose (including baby aspirin) (defined as \>= 5 days per week) is allowed if aspirin and/or NSAIDs are stopped for 30 days prior to study entry and throughout the study period; participants will be encouraged to use acetaminophen for minor pain and fever
* Patients must be enrolled within 1 year after diagnosis
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2
* Patients with a prior history of gastric/duodenal ulcers documented on endoscopy can be enrolled as long as the ulcers did not cause bleeding requiring a blood transfusion/major intervention; for patients who are Helicobacter pylori positive, a course of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment must have been completed
* No history of gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) bleeding requiring a blood transfusion, endoscopic or operative intervention
* No history of any prior stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic)
* No concurrent anticoagulation with warfarin or heparin/heparin analogues, clopidogrel, oral direct thrombin inhibitors, or direct factor XA inhibitors
* No history of atrial fibrillation or myocardial infarction
* No history of grade 4 hypertension, defined as hypertension resulting in life-threatening consequences (e.g., malignant hypertension, transient or permanent neurologic deficit, hypertensive crisis)
* No chronic (duration \> 30 days) daily use of oral steroids
* No known allergy to aspirin
* No prior malignancy of any type (including ductal breast carcinoma in situ \[DCIS\]) within the past 5 years except for current diagnosis of breast cancer, and any prior diagnosis of basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix; patients with a prior history of breast cancer greater than 5 years from study screening may participate in this study
* Concurrent enrollment on a non-chemotherapy treatment trial will be allowed, as long as that trial allows concurrent daily aspirin use