Subtype
Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm
CI-CAN-00005874Explore in graph →
1,565 active trials21 approved drugs382 evidence items
- NCIt
- C4978
- DOID
- 9256
- Other
- 1 more code
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Subtype
CI-CAN-00005874Explore in graph →
Variants & evidence
822 evidence items mapped to this entity or its descendants, grouped by molecular profile, then therapy. 50 items per page.
| Therapy | Cancer | Type | Level | Direction · significance | Rating (1–5) | Status | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRAS Q612 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID124In chemotherapy-refractory patients with colorectal cancer, NRAS mutation status (primarily Q61, N=13) was not informative for disease control rate, progression free survival or overall survival follo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID36Chemotherapy-refractory patients with KRAS wt metastatic colorectal cancer harboring NRAS mutation (primarily Q61, n=10) have a significantly lower response rate to cetuximab than patients wildtype fo… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRAS Q61H8 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID3823In a retrospective study of 368 chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, patients with a NRAS mutation (n=13) treated with cetuximab in combination with standard chemotherapy were associa… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + IrinotecanCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID3690One patient participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had a tumor which harbored NRAS Q61H was wildtype for KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA.… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | ||||||||
| NRAS Q61K8 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3833In 11 melanoma patients harboring BRAF mutations, one patient with a Q61K NRAS mutation acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Q61K and/or A146T NRAS mutations have also shown resista… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21107323 · Nazarian et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3834In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + ChemotherapyCombination | ||||||||
| NRAS Q61L5 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab + IrinotecanCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID2181Two patients participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had tumors which harbored NRAS Q61L and were wildtype for KRAS, BRAF and PI… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2179NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm | |||||||
| NRAS Q61R5 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | 2 | accepted | EID2184Five patients participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had tumors which harbored NRAS Q61R and were wildtype for KRAS, BRAF and P… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID3828In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
| NRAS Wildtype1 | ||||||||
| Chemotherapy + PanitumumabCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | A | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID11270In this phase III, randomized, open-label trial, 377 patients with wild-type KRAS exon two were randomized 1:1 to receive panitumumab 6 mg/kg IV on day 1 of each 14-day cycle plus BSC or BSC alone. Th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 27736842 · Kim et al., 2016 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NRG1 Expression1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Resistance | 4 | accepted | EID777NRG1 upregulation or ERBB2 amplification were the main causes of resistance to cetuximab in-vivo and in-vitro in this study. Inhibition of ERBB2/ERBB3 signaling restored cetuximab sensitivity. PMID 21900593 · Yonesaka et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NT5C Decreased RNA expression1 | ||||||||
| Fluorouracil | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 4 | submitted | EID13317Reduced NT5C expression by shRNA significantly increased fluorouracil sensitivity in all three tested colorectal cancer cell lines, with IC50 decreases of approximately 3- to 6-fold. PMID 21449674 · Muhale et al., 2011 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| NT5E Overexpression1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID730CD73 high expression was identified as a potential marker of improved PFS from cetuximab treatment in patients with metastatic CRC. PMID 25520391 · Cushman et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PIK3CA C420R1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID1999One patient participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had a tumor which harbored PIK3CA C420R and was wildtype for KRAS, BRAF and … (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PIK3CA D549N1 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID4053In a retrospective study of 168 chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a PIK3CA mutation (n=26) treated with cetuximab in combination with standard chemotherapy, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| PIK3CA E542K7 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 3 | rejected | EID385The presence of exon 9 (such as E542K) or exon 20 mutations were associated with poorer survival compared to those with wild-type PIK3CA mutation (P = 0.035). PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Aspirin | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2032In a study of 413 patients with colorectal cancer who were taking aspirin since diagnosis, the frequency of PIK3CA mutations was 17% (70/413). In 530 patients with colorectal cancer not using aspirin,… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23094721 · Liao et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
| PIK3CA E545D3 | ||||||||
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | — | submitted | EID4048In metastatic colorectal cancer, the objective tumor response rate to the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab or panitumumab was lower in patients with PIK3CA … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID4049In colorectal cancer patients treated with salvage cetuximab therapy in combination with chemotherapy, PIK3CA mutations were associated with reduced progression-free survival (2.5mo vs. 3.9mo, HR:2.1,… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Panitumumab | Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm | |||||||
| PIK3CA E545G3 | ||||||||
| Aspirin | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2069In a study of 413 patients with colorectal cancer who were taking aspirin since diagnosis, the frequency of PIK3CA mutations was 17% (70/413). In 530 patients with colorectal cancer not using aspirin,… (full text at CIViC) PMID 23094721 · Liao et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2070Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) is composed of an 85kDa regulatory subunit and a 110kDa (p110alpha) catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene represents the catalytic subunit, which u… (full text at CIViC) PMID 9742087 · Klippel et al., 1998 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal Neoplasm | |||||||
| PIK3CA E545K3 | ||||||||
| (prognostic) | Rectal CarcinomaALIAS | Prognostic | B | Supports Poor Outcome | 2 | accepted | EID2106This study examined outcomes of 240 rectum cancer patients treated with total mesorectal excision therapy. Tumor samples were obtained at the time of surgery and genotyped for PIK3CA exon 10 and 21 mu… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19903786 · He et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Aspirin | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2039Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) is composed of an 85kDa regulatory subunit and a 110kDa (p110alpha) catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene represents the catalytic subunit, which u… (full text at CIViC) PMID 9742087 · Klippel et al., 1998 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | |||||||
Data updated 3 hours agoSource updated unknownsource: civic (CC0)
Evidence levels, directions and ratings are those assigned by CIViC curators. "Submitted" items have not completed curation review. This is not treatment guidance.
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| — |
| rejected |
EID2172NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2173In chemotherapy-resistant colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab-based therapy, NRAS mutations were associated with a lower objective response (7.7% vs. 38.1%, odds ratio (OR):0.14, 95% CI:… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2171In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Selumetinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2175NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2176In chemotherapy-resistant colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab-based therapy, NRAS mutations were associated with a lower objective response (7.7% vs. 38.1%, odds ratio (OR):0.14, 95% CI:… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2174In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER |
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Resistance |
| 3 |
| accepted |
EID2189Four patients participating in a large retrospective study of cetuximab in metastatic, treatment refractory colorectal cancer had tumors which harbored NRAS Q61K and were wildtype for KRAS, BRAF and P… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Dactolisib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2194In 11 melanoma patients harboring BRAF mutations, one patient with a Q61K NRAS mutation acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Q61K and/or A146T NRAS mutations have also shown resista… (full text at CIViC) PMID 21107323 · Nazarian et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2195NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2196In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Dactolisib + SelumetinibCombination | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | 3 | accepted | EID2192In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors harboring mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, or PIK3CA and implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the P… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Selumetinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2190NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| D |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| — |
| submitted |
EID2177In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Selumetinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2182NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2180In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| — |
| rejected |
EID2188NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | D | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | submitted | EID2186In 28 out of 40 (70%) metastatic colorectal cancer tumors implanted into mice, the therapeutic combination of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and the PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 resulted in disease stabiliza… (full text at CIViC) PMID 22392911 · Migliardi et al., 2012 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Selumetinib | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Sensitivity Response | — | rejected | EID2185NRAS mutations have also been observed in melanoma and biliary tract, bladder, cervix, liver, lung, myeloid leukemia, ovarian, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer. PMID 17384584 · Schubbert et al., 2007 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Sensitivity Response |
| — |
| submitted |
EID2033Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) is composed of an 85kDa regulatory subunit and a 110kDa (p110alpha) catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene represents the catalytic subunit, which u… (full text at CIViC) PMID 9742087 · Klippel et al., 1998 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Cetuximab | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID4424This was a retrospective study of 691 cetuximab treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Of those, 7 patients harbored PIK3CA E542K (exon 10), were wt for BRAF, NRAS and PIK3CA, and had ind… (full text at CIViC) PMID 20619739 · De Roock et al., 2010 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| 〃 | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | C | Supports Resistance | — | rejected | EID3719In colorectal cancer patients treated with salvage cetuximab therapy in combination with chemotherapy, PIK3CA mutations were associated with reduced progression-free survival (2.5mo vs. 3.9mo, HR:2.1,… (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Cetuximab + PanitumumabSubstitutes | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Supports Resistance | 3 | rejected | EID256The presence of a PIK3CA mutation in exon 9 (such as E542K) or exon 20 were associated with lack of panitumumab or cetuximab response. PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Regorafenib Anhydrous | Malignant Colorectal NeoplasmCURATED_BROADER | Predictive | B | Does Not Support Resistance | 3 | accepted | EID83This was a retrospective analysis of genetic markers in 503 metastatic colorectal cancer patients who participated in the CORRECT phase III trial of regorafenib. PIK3CA mutations were identified in th… (full text at CIViC) PMID 26184520 · Tabernero et al., 2015 · Open in CIViC | civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| submitted |
EID2353In metastatic colorectal cancer, the objective tumor response rate to the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab or panitumumab was lower in patients with PIK3CA … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Predictive |
| C |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| rejected |
EID3723In a retrospective study of 168 chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patients, patients with a PIK3CA mutation (n=26) treated with cetuximab in combination with standard chemotherapy, … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19603024 · Souglakos et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |
| Predictive |
| B |
| Supports Resistance |
| — |
| submitted |
EID3720In metastatic colorectal cancer, the objective tumor response rate to the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab or panitumumab was lower in patients with PIK3CA … (full text at CIViC) PMID 19223544 · Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009 · Open in CIViC |
| civic |