Development and Preliminary Validation of a Perioperative Pulmonary Rehabilitation Nursing System for Patients With Craniocerebral Tumors

Title of Study: A New Nursing System to Help Lung Recovery After Brain Tumor Surgery Why was this study done? After surgery for a brain tumor (craniocerebral tumor), some patients develop lung problems like pneumonia or collapsed lung areas (atelectasis). These problems can slow down recovery, keep patients in the hospital longer, and make them feel worse. Doctors and nurses wanted to find a better way to protect the lungs and help patients breathe easier after surgery. What did the researchers want to find out? They wanted to see if a special, step-by-step nursing system for lung recovery-called the Perioperative Pulmonary Rehabilitation Nursing System (PPRNS) -could reduce lung problems after brain tumor surgery and help patients get back on their feet faster. What was done in the study? Who: 165 patients having brain tumor surgery at one hospital. How: Patients were put into two groups by chance (like flipping a coin): Control group (81 patients): Received regular, standard care after surgery. Intervention group (84 patients): Received the new PPRNS care. This included: Before surgery: Breathing exercises, learning to cough effectively, and nutrition advice. During surgery: Lung-protective methods by the anesthesia team. After surgery: Deep breathing exercises, sitting up and moving early, help clearing mucus from the lungs, and close monitoring. What was measured: The main thing measured was how many patients developed lung problems (like pneumonia) within 14 days after surgery. They also checked lung function, how fast patients recovered (walking, eating, removing tubes), length of hospital stay, and patient satisfaction. What were the main results? Fewer lung problems: Only 4.8% of patients in the new care group developed lung complications, compared to 13.6% in the regular care group. This means the new system cut lung problems by more than half. Better breathing: Patients in the new care group had stronger lung function tests (FVC, PEF) and higher oxygen levels after surgery. Faster recovery: They got off breathing tubes earlier, started walking sooner, cou

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

75 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 to 75 years, inclusive

Preoperative diagnosis of intracranial tumor confirmed by imaging and/or pathology per WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (5th edition), with planned craniotomy for tumor resection (initial or recurrent surgery)

Preoperative assessment confirms ability to cooperate with pulmonary rehabilitation training (adequate consciousness, cognition, and communication for short-term training)

Voluntary participation with written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pre-existing severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD GOLD stages 3-4)

Pre-existing severe interstitial lung disease

Requirement for long-term oxygen therapy

Pneumonia or respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation within one month prior to surgery

Severe cardiac dysfunction (New York Heart Association class III-IV)

Other major organ insufficiency

Severe impairment of consciousness

Inability to follow commands

Language barriers

Life expectancy less than 30 days

Concurrent participation in other interventional studies that could confound pulmonary function outcomes