Pelvic Floor Peritoneal Closure to Prevent Postoperative Ileus in Mid-Low Rectal Cancer Surgery

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether closing the pelvic floor peritoneum during laparoscopic radical resection of mid-low rectal cancer can reduce the incidence of postoperative ileus. This study will also assess the impact of pelvic floor peritoneal closure on patient recovery and quality of life after surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Can closing the pelvic floor peritoneum reduce the incidence of ileus within 30 days after surgery in patients with mid-low rectal cancer? 2. What is the impact of pelvic floor peritoneal closure on postoperative complications such as anastomotic leakage and pelvic infection? 3. How do the two surgical approaches differ in their effects on patients' postoperative anal function, urinary function, and quality of life? Researchers will compare two approaches after laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer: closing the pelvic floor peritoneum versus not closing it, to observe which method more effectively prevents postoperative ileus. Participants will: 1. Undergo laparoscopic radical resection with anus preservation for mid-low rectal cancer 2. Receive either pelvic floor peritoneal closure or non-closure treatment based on random assignment 3. Attend regular follow-up visits to evaluate intestinal function recovery and occurrence of complications 4. Complete quality of life questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 scale) at 6 months after surgery

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

75 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 18-75 years
* Pathology: Histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma
* Tumor Location: Mid-low rectal cancer (inferior margin ≤10 cm from anal verge)
* Surgical Procedure: Laparoscopic radical resection with sphincter preservation
* Exclusion of Other Cancers: No concurrent or prior multiple primary malignancies
* Organ Function: Adequate hepatic/renal/cardiopulmonary function
* Informed Consent: Patient/legal guardian comprehends the study and provides written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concurrent or prior history of malignant tumors.
* Miles procedure or Hartmann's operation.
* Intraoperative failure to open the peritoneal reflection.
* Prior pelvic floor surgery.
* Emergency surgery for bowel obstruction.
* Severe hepatic/renal/cardiopulmonary dysfunction, coagulopathy, or underlying diseases contraindicating surgery.
* History of severe psychiatric disorders.
* Pregnancy or lactation.
* Investigator-determined clinical/laboratory contraindications.