Clinical Trial Protocol for Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Thoracoabdominal Endoscopic Surgery System in Remote Laparoscopic Surgery for Urology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Thoracic Surgery

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years;
* Patients confirmed by investigators eligible for surgeries in urology (e.g., partial nephrectomy (transperitoneal/retroperitoneal), radical prostatectomy, pyeloplasty, etc.), general surgery (e.g., distal/radical total gastrectomy for gastric cancer, radical resection for colorectal cancer, hepatectomy/splenectomy, etc.), gynecology (e.g., radical hysterectomy plus pelvic lymphadenectomy, etc.) and thoracic surgery (e.g., segmental/lobectomy, radical esophagectomy, etc.).
* Subjects voluntarily participate in the clinical trial, and subjects or their guardians give informed consent and sign the informed consent form.
* Willing to cooperate with and complete trial follow-ups and relevant examinations.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Need for emergency surgery (e.g. gastric cancer, colorectal cancer combined with perforation, bleeding, obstruction, etc.);
* With other malignancies or a previous history of other malignancies.
* Preoperative imaging suggests that the tumour has distant metastases.
* The patient has a history of relevant surgery or previous history of other malignancy and is judged by the investigator to be unsuitable for enrolment.
* Severe bleeding tendencies or coagulopathic disorders.
* With long-term use of anticoagulant and anti-platelet drugs (anti-platelet aggregation drugs discontinued less than 1 week prior to surgery), history of bleeding disorders or hematopoietic or coagulation disorders.
* Significant immunodeficiency due to underlying illness (e.g. HIV/AIDS) and/or medication (e.g. systemic corticosteroids).
* Other conditions which, in the opinion of the investigator, make participation in this trial inappropriate.