Personalizing Chemotherapy Selection After Surgery for Patients With Stage III Colorectal Cancer Using a Blood Test

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patient must have signed a written informed consent prior to any trial specific procedures. When the patient is physically unable to give their written consent, an impartial witness of their choice, independent from the investigator or the sponsor, can confirm in writing the patient's consent
2. Age ≥18 years and \<80 years (for patients aged \>70 years: G8 geriatric questionnaire score\>14)
3. Histologically confirmed stage III pMMR/MSS colon and high rectum adenocarcinoma (T, N1 or N2, M0) excluding medium and low rectal cancers (≥12 cm from the anal verge by endoscopy and/or above the peritoneal reflection at surgery are still eligible), without gross or microscopic evidence of residual disease after surgery with curative intent.
4. No metastatic disease on CT-Scan and/or liver MRI done within 2 months before inclusion
5. Inclusion planned between 10 days to 6 weeks after surgery
6. ECOG performance status 0-1 (fit to receive FOLFIRINOX therapy)
7. No prior chemotherapy for CRC
8. No prior abdominal or pelvic irradiation for CRC
9. Adequate hematological function: neutrophils ≥1,500 /mm3, platelet count ≥100,000/mm3, hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL (5,6 mmol/L)
10. Total bilirubin ≤1.5 x ULN (upper limit of normal)
11. ASAT and ALAT ≤2.5 x ULN
12. Alkaline phosphatase ≤2.5 x ULN
13. Serum creatinine ≤120 μmol/L or creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min according to Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulae
14. Tumor tissue available at baseline
15. Women of childbearing potential must have negative serum pregnancy test done within 7 days before the start of study treatment
16. Men and women of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception methods for the duration of study treatment and for 6 months after treatment discontinuation
17. Patients must be willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests and other study procedures
18. Patient must be affiliated to a social security system (or equivalent) or according to local regulatory requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Peripheral neuropathy grade ≥1
2. Patients who have received neo-adjuvant treatment.
3. Comorbidity influencing the 3-year patients' survival including clinically relevant cardiovascular disease, such as Ischemic myocardial infarction in the last year and/or unstable ischemic cardiopathy
4. Contra-indication to chemotherapy (inadequate bone marrow, hepatic, renal functions, hypersensitivity to one of the treatments or any of the excipients)
5. Patient must not have received bone marrow transplant
6. Patient must not have received blood transfusion within 3 months before inclusion
7. Participation in another therapeutic trial
8. Partial or complete dihydropyrimidine deshydrogenase (DPD) deficiency.
9. MSI/dMMR tumors
10. Medical history of other concomitant or previous malignant disease, except adequately treated in situ carcinoma of the uterine cervix, basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or cancer in complete remission for ≥ 5 years.
11. Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
12. Patients unwilling or unable to comply with the medical follow-up required by the trial because of geographic, familial social or psychological reasons
13. Persons deprived of their liberty or under protective custody or guardianship.