Thyroid Artery Goitre Embolization Trial A Pilot Study Investigating Thyroid Artery Embolisation as a Treatment for Large Thyroid Nodules

Inclusion Criteria:

* The participant may enter the study if ALL of the following apply:

  * Adults over 18 years of age willing and able to give informed consent.
  * Symptomatic or cosmetically distressing benign nodular thyroid disease with or without intrathoracic extension and with or without hyperthyroidism. Or auto-immune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease).
  * Single nodular goitre causing local mass effect warranting treatment or multi-nodular goitre
  * TIRADS score 1, 2 and 3 nodules (benign or mildly suspicious) as assessed by ultrasound.
  * FNA confirmed benign disease (x2 FNA Thy2 (benign) result required for TR3 nodules, 1x FNA if nodule classified TR2 or less). FNA performed on most high grade nodule or if equal grade then largest nodule.
  * No enlarged / suspicious neck lymphadenopathy on ultrasound.
  * Patient willing to undergo thyroid nodule embolization in preference to other viable treatment options after discussion with Consultant ENT surgeon and / or Consultant Interventional Radiologist. TAE can also be performed as a bridge to surgery, Radiofrequency ablation or Radioactive iodine. Patients may also be unsuitable or unfit for other treatment options.
  * Patient able to lay on the angiography table flat with one or two pillows, and can lay comfortably with 30 degrees or less of head elevation for a minimum of two hours.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The participant may enter the study if ALL of the following apply:

  * Adults over 18 years of age willing and able to give informed consent.
  * Symptomatic or cosmetically distressing benign nodular thyroid disease with or without intrathoracic extension and with or without hyperthyroidism. Or auto-immune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease).
  * Single nodular goitre causing local mass effect warranting treatment or multi-nodular goitre
  * TIRADS score 1, 2 and 3 nodules (benign or mildly suspicious) as assessed by ultrasound.
  * FNA confirmed benign disease (x2 FNA Thy2 (benign) result required for TR3 nodules, 1x FNA if nodule classified TR2 or less). FNA performed on most high grade nodule or if equal grade then largest nodule.
  * No enlarged / suspicious neck lymphadenopathy on ultrasound.
  * Patient willing to undergo thyroid nodule embolization in preference to other viable treatment options after discussion with Consultant ENT surgeon and / or Consultant Interventional Radiologist. TAE can also be performed as a bridge to surgery, Radiofrequency ablation or Radioactive iodine. Patients may also be unsuitable or unfit for other treatment options.
  * Patient able to lay on the angiography table flat with one or two pillows, and can lay comfortably with 30 degrees or less of head elevation for a minimum of two hours.