Streamlining Radioembolization for Small HCC

Inclusion Criteria:

* adults aged \>18 years
* Patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma histologically and/or radiologically (LI-RADS 4 or 5)
* hepatocellular carcinoma 5cm or smaller
* Tumor number is 3 or smaller
* Dysmorphic intratumoral vessel is absent or smaller than 3 mm
* Child-Pugh class A
* ECOG 0 or 1
* the following lab should be met. A. Leukocytes ≥ 1,000/µL and ≤ 20,000/µL B. Hemoglobin ≥ 6.0 g/dL (transfusion allowed to meet this criterion) C. Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL D. Platelet ≥ 40,000/µL E. International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 2.0 for patients not taking anticoagulants F. Aspartate transaminase (AST) ≤ 800 IU/L (i.e., ≤ 20X upper normal limit) G. Alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 800 IU/L (i.e., ≤ 20X upper normal limit) H. Creatinine ≤ 2.5 mg/dL (if patient is receiving hemodialysis, no upper limit of creatinine)
* Patients with a life expectancy of \>3 mo
* Patients who have adequately understood the clinical trial and consented in writing
* Nonpregnant women of childbearing potential

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Hepatic vein invasion on CT/MRI
2. Marked enhancement of portal vein or hepatic vein on arterial phase of CT/MRI
3. Dysmorphic intratumoral vessel ≥3mm
4. Patient with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
5. Patient with bilioenteric anastomosis or biliary stent
6. Patient with centrilobular emphysema or interstitial lung disease
7. main portal vein invasion