The Registry Study of Genetic Alterations of Melanoma in Taiwan

Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive malignancy in skin cancers. Cutaneous melanoma is a rare disease in Taiwan with an incidence rate of around 1/100,000. Acral lentiginous melanoma is the most common subtype and comprises more than half of cutaneous melanoma in Asia including Taiwan but only 1% in Caucasians. In addition, mucosal melanoma accounts for more than 20% of malignancy melanoma in Taiwan but only 1% in Caucasians. Acral and mucosal melanomas have distinct epidemiological, clinical, pathological and genetic features from non-acral melanoma which is commonly seen in Western countries. Comparing with melanoma in Caucasians, Asian melanoma has higher recurrence rate after primary surgery, lower response rate to immunotherapy, and shorter progression-free survival for immunotherapy and targeted therapy leading generally poor survival outcomes regardless stage.

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age \> 18 years old
2. Pathologically confirmed melanoma. (Patients with additional malignancies requiring treatment or follow-up are allowed. Only treatment for melanoma should be recorded).
3. ECOG performance status \< 3
4. Cohort 1(early acral melanoma): melanoma, stage I/II; Cohort 2 (locally advanced acral melanoma): melanoma, stage III, resectable; and Cohort 3 (advanced): unresectable / metastatic melanoma, stage III/IV or recurrent melanoma (unresectable). Staging is based on AJCC Cancer Staging System 8th edition). The patients with advanced melanoma with available comprehensive NGS report are included in cohort 4.
5. Willingness to provide archival or newly obtained tumor tissues for this study proposal
6. Life expectancy more than 3 months -
7. Patients fully understand the protocol with the willingness to have regular follow-up

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Inability to cooperate by providing a complete medical history
2. No available tumor tissues for genetic testing (archived tissue sampling more than 5 years from screening date)
3. Undesirable compliance (Mental status is not fit for further treatment or data collection.)

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• RESULTChang JW, Huang YL, Chang YY, Lo YF, Ho TY, Huang YT, Chen HW, Wu CE. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Was Associated With Favorable Survival Outcomes For Patients With Clinically Node-Negative Asian Melanoma. Cancer Manag Res. 2019 Nov 14;11:9655-9664. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S227837. eCollection 2019. PMID 31814762
• RESULTHayward NK, Wilmott JS, Waddell N, Johansson PA, Field MA, Nones K, Patch AM, Kakavand H, Alexandrov LB, Burke H, Jakrot V, Kazakoff S, Holmes O, Leonard C, Sabarinathan R, Mularoni L, Wood S, Xu Q, Waddell N, Tembe V, Pupo GM, De Paoli-Iseppi R, Vilain RE, Shang P, Lau LMS, Dagg RA, Schramm SJ, Pritchard A, Dutton-Regester K, Newell F, Fitzgerald A, Shang CA, Grimmond SM, Pickett HA, Yang JY, Stretch JR, Behren A, Kefford RF, Hersey P, Long GV, Cebon J, Shackleton M, Spillane AJ, Saw RPM, Lopez-Bigas N, Pearson JV, Thompson JF, Scolyer RA, Mann GJ. Whole-genome landscapes of major melanoma subtypes. Nature. 2017 May 11;545(7653):175-180. doi: 10.1038/nature22071. Epub 2017 May 3. PMID 28467829
• RESULTNewell F, Wilmott JS, Johansson PA, Nones K, Addala V, Mukhopadhyay P, Broit N, Amato CM, Van Gulick R, Kazakoff SH, Patch AM, Koufariotis LT, Lakis V, Leonard C, Wood S, Holmes O, Xu Q, Lewis K, Medina T, Gonzalez R, Saw RPM, Spillane AJ, Stretch JR, Rawson RV, Ferguson PM, Dodds TJ, Thompson JF, Long GV, Levesque MP, Robinson WA, Pearson JV, Mann GJ, Scolyer RA, Waddell N, Hayward NK. Whole-genome sequencing of acral melanoma reveals genomic complexity and diversity. Nat Commun. 2020 Oct 16;11(1):5259. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18988-3. PMID 33067454
• RESULTNewell F, Kong Y, Wilmott JS, Johansson PA, Ferguson PM, Cui C, Li Z, Kazakoff SH, Burke H, Dodds TJ, Patch AM, Nones K, Tembe V, Shang P, van der Weyden L, Wong K, Holmes O, Lo S, Leonard C, Wood S, Xu Q, Rawson RV, Mukhopadhyay P, Dummer R, Levesque MP, Jonsson G, Wang X, Yeh I, Wu H, Joseph N, Bastian BC, Long GV, Spillane AJ, Shannon KF, Thompson JF, Saw RPM, Adams DJ, Si L, Pearson JV, Hayward NK, Waddell N, Mann GJ, Guo J, Scolyer RA. Whole-genome landscape of mucosal melanoma reveals diverse drivers and therapeutic targets. Nat Commun. 2019 Jul 18;10(1):3163. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11107-x.