Clinical trial · Interventional
The Effect of Breast Cancer and Breast Self-Examination
The Effect of Breast Cancer and Breast Self-Examination Health Education on Awareness, Beliefs and Practices Given to Female Students at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a University in Mogadishu, Somalia
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Retrieved
- Sep 8, 2026
- Layer
- normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
- Run
- ING-CLINICALTRIALS-20260908-000001
Summary
Brief summary (as posted)
Background: Somali women face extremely high mortality and incidence rates for breast cancer (BC). One of the suggested techniques for screening for breast cancer early detection is breast self-examination, or BSE. Studies have revealed that Somalian women, however, lack sufficient understanding and practice about BC and BSE. In this study, female students at a university in Mogadishu, Somalia, had their knowledge, attitudes, health beliefs, and BSE practices evaluated with reference to the effects of health belief model-based health education addressing BC and BSE. Methods: It was conducted as a randomized controlled study on 86 female university students in Mogadishu, Somalia, between September 2021 and June 2022. Randomization was used to assign participants to the intervention group (n = 43) and control group (n = 43). Data were gathered using two instruments: a self-administered questionnaire was the first tool used to gather information on individuals\' sociodemographic and level of awareness about BC and BSE. The health belief model scale is the second instrument. A validated checklist and a modified structured questionnaire were used to gather data. Subsequently, the students in the experimental group took part in the three 90-minute training sessions that made up the program. The control group did not receive any intervention. Three months later, further student data were gathered. Data analysis was performed using IBM-SPSS software version 20, descriptive and inferential statistical tests (T-test, chi-square, repeated measures).
Conditions
Conditions (1)
Free-text conditions as registered, with the CancerIndex entity they were reconciled to and the match type.
| Condition (as posted) | Mapped entity | Match | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breast Carcinoma | Breast Carcinoma | ONTOLOGY_EXACT | 0.98 |
Interventions
Interventions (1)
| Intervention | Type | Mapped drug | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| PowerPoint presentation. | Behavioral | — | UNRESOLVED |
Design
Arms and outcomes
Arms (2)
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- label
- Experimental Group
- description
- The experimental group received various interventions such as group education based on the health belief model, individual counseling, and brochures on screening. The training was given by two study team members in the faculty's conference hall, in the form of a presentation, discussion, and question-answer sessions, with the experimental group divided into two groups, lasting approximately 90 minutes. It was completed in 3 sessions with breaks every 30 minutes. For training hours, free hours when students did not have classes were chosen. For each training group, a member of the study team first gave a presentation on breast cancer and breast screening behaviors and BSE (30 minutes). Then, a film was shown on the BSE practice recommended by the World Health Organization (20 minutes) and training was given on how to perform correct and effective BSE on the breast model (20 minutes).
- interventionNames
- Behavioral: PowerPoint presentation.
- type
- NO_INTERVENTION
- label
- Control Group
- description
- The intervention group within the control group received health education on early diagnosis and prevention of breast cancer once the program was finished for them and all data had been gathered for both groups.
Eligibility
Eligibility (as posted)
- Sex
- Female
- Minimum age
- 18 Years
Show eligibility criteria text
Inclusion Criteria: * Turkish and Somali instructors work together at the faculty and students are given education in Turkish. If students are successful in one year of Turkish preparation, they can then continue to the department of their choice. The population of the research consisted of 500 female students over the age of 18 studying at the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Faculty of Health Sciences in Mogadishu, Somalia. Exclusion Criteria: \-
References
Publications (4)
- RESULTAltunkurek SZ, Hassan Mohamed S. Determine knowledge and belief of Somalian young women about breast cancer and breast self-examination with champion health belief model: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2022 Dec 8;22(1):326. doi: 10.1186/s12911-022-02065-4. PMID 36482433
- RESULTYang S, Li P, Yu L, Liu N, Wang J, Guo P, Zhang X, Zhang W. Breast Cancer Awareness Based on Health Information Literacy and Influential Factors among Female Nursing Students in China. J Cancer Educ. 2022 Jun;37(3):546-554. doi: 10.1007/s13187-020-01844-9. PMID 32876864
- RESULTAndrew Tong JW, Hee MQ. The impact of an online educational game on breast cancer awareness among university female students, Malaysia: a pilot study. BMC Cancer. 2023 Oct 6;23(1):947. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-11427-8. PMID 37803291
- DERIVEDAltunkurek SZ, Yesilyurt E, Hassan Mohamed S. The Effect of Breast Cancer and Breast Self-Examination Health Education on Awareness, Beliefs, and Practices of Female Students at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a University in Somalia. Breast J. 2026;2026(1):e8854280. doi: 10.1155/tbj/8854280. PMID 41885785