Multi-Technology Integrated Total Mesorectal Excision Versus Conventional Total Mesorectal Excision for the Treatment of Middle and Distal Rectal Cancer.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participants must be aged 18 to 75.
2. Histopathological examination of the preoperative biopsy confirms adenocarcinoma.
3. Preoperative MRI shows the tumor\'s lower margin is below the umbilical ligament.
4. High-resolution CT and MRI do not indicate suspicious distant metastasis.
5. Participants\' general condition is acceptable, with an ASA score of ≤3 before surgery.
6. Participants must sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Developing other malignant tumors within 5 years;
2. Multiple primary colorectal tumors;
3. Pregnant or lactating women;
4. Patients with severe mental disorders;
5. Severe intestinal diseases;
6. Poor general condition and uncontrolled comorbidities;
7. Ineligible for laparoscopic surgery;
8. Participating in other clinical trials.