Cryoablation with or Without Serplulimab in Treating Patients with Stage I-IIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Pathologically diagnosed as primary peripheral non-small cell lung cancer, preoperative staging suggested stage Ia, Ib, or IIa (size≤5 cm, T1-T2N0M0), according to the 9th edition of the TNM classification for lung cancer;
2. Negative driver gene mutation: driver genes were defined as EGFR, ALK, etc;
3. Age ≥18 years old;
4. The ECOG PS score is 0-2;
5. Expected survival ≥3 months;
6. Patients who are considered high-risk for surgery/radiotherapy or refuse surgery/radiotherapy based on multidisciplinary evaluation;
7. Patients who have not received previous immunotherapy with PD-1, PD-L1 or CTLA-4 antibodies;
8. All patients must agree to receive cryoablation (with or without Serplulimab) as an initial therapy and sign a study-specific consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with poor cardiopulmonary function or other comorbidities who cannot tolerate multimode thermal therapy;
2. Patients whose chest CT indicated that the lung lesions could not be reached percutaneously or transbronchially;
3. Severe liver and kidney function and coagulation function abnormalities, platelet count \<70×109/L;
4. Patients who have received other anti-tumor drugs in the past 6 months or have used immune checkpoint inhibitors before;
5. The patient has an uncontrolled disease (including but not limited to active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, arrhythmia, mental illness, etc.);
6. Primary immune deficiency or autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.);
7. Pregnant and lactating women;
8. Long-term use of steroid;
9. Other circumstances considered inappropriate for participation in this study.