VAC Regimen for AML Patients Who Failed to Response to VA Regimen

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with AML who are not suitable for intensive chemotherapy according to the WHO diagnosis: age ≥60 years or age \<60 years but fulfil the following criteria;

1. Age 18 to 59 years;
2. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status score of 2 or 3;
3. Expected survival time ≥3 months;
4. Or fulfilment of severe cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, or renal disease; (A) Presence of a cardiac history of congestive heart failure, or ejection fraction ≤ 50%, or presence of chronic stable angina; (B) Lung carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) ≤ 65%, or first forced expiratory volume (FEV1) ≤ 65%; (C) Moderate hepatic impairment with total bilirubin \> 1.5 to ≤ 3.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN); (D) Creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min to \< 45 mL/min;
5. Not received radiotherapy, treatment regimens other than the VA regimen, or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation within 4 weeks prior to enrolment;
6. Other comorbidities that, in the judgement of the physician, make the administration of intensive chemotherapy unsuitable;
7. Ability to understand and willingness to sign the informed consent for this trial;
8. The patient refuses intensive chemotherapy and has the willingness to accept non-intensive chemotherapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a history of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), including myelofibrosis, thrombocythemia, polycythaemia vera, chronic granulocytic leukemia (CML) with or without BCR-ABL1 translocation, and AML or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with BCR-ABL1 translocation;
2. Patients with FLT3 mutations and who were treated with targeted agents (inclusion is possible if the use of specific targeted agents is discontinued);
3. Patients with less than 50% reduction of blasts after VA regimen;
4. Patients with active CNS involvement;
5. With prior treatment with chidamide;
6. Clinically uncontrolled active infections (including bacterial, fungal or viral infections) and organ hemorrhage;
7. Pregnant or lactating women;
8. Participation in any other clinical trial within 3 months prior to VAC regimen;
9. With other malignant tumours;
10. With uncontrolled mental disorders;
11. Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, makes it inappropriate to participate in this trial.