Clinical Study of Surufatinib Plus Sintilimab Combined With Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

This study aims to explore whether the combination of surufatinib (anti-angiogenic therapy) and sintilimab (PD-1 inhibitor) on the basis of EP regimen can further improve the effective rate and survival time of first-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma, and explore the safety and tolerability of this regimen.

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

To be enrolled in this trial, patients must meet all of the following inclusion criteria:

1. Locally advanced or metastatic gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), hyperproliferative neuroendocrine tumor (NET G3) or mixed neuroendocrino-non-neuroendocrine tumor (MiNEN), as demonstrated by pathology (WHO classification criteria 2019), may also be included;
2. Have not received systematic anti-tumor therapy before;
3. Have received radical treatment in the past and have no treatment interval from the end of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy to relapse for at least 6 months (the end time of the last chemotherapy cycle/the end time of the last radiotherapy);
4. There are measurable lesions defined by the RECIST 1.1 standard;
5. At least 18 years old;
6. ECOG physical condition: 0-1 score;
7. Expected survival of more than 3 months;
8. If the major organs function normally, the following criteria are met:

   1. Blood routine examination: hemoglobin (Hb) ≥90g/L; Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5×10\^9/L; Platelet (PLT) ≥100×10\^9/L; White blood cell count (WBC) ≥3.0×10\^9/L;
   2. Biochemical examination: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤2.5×ULN (tumor liver metastasis, ≤5×ULN); Serum total bilirubin (TBIL) ≤1.5×ULN (Gilbert syndrome subjects, ≤3×ULN); Serum creatinine (Cr) ≤1.5×ULN or creatinine clearance ≥50ml/min;
   3. Coagulation function: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), International Standardized ratio (INR), prothrombin time (PT) ≤1.5×ULN;
9. The subjects voluntarily joined the study, signed the informed consent, and the compliance was good.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with any of the following conditions were excluded from the study:

1. The presence of a serious illness or medical condition, including but not limited to the following:

   1. Known recurrence in situ or metastasis at any other site;
   2. systemic active infection (i.e. infection resulting in body temperature ≥38 ° C);
   3. Clinically significant intestinal obstruction, pulmonary fibrosis, renal failure, liver failure, or symptomatic cerebrovascular disease;
   4. Severe/unstable angina, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV symptomatic congestive heart failure;
   5. Clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding;
   6. Known presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired conventional immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - associated disease, or active hepatitis B or C;
2. Pregnant or lactating women;
3. The researcher considers it inappropriate to enter this study.

• RESULT1.Dasari A, Shen C, Halperin D, Zhao B, Zhou S, Xu Y, et al. Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence,and Survival Outcomes in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors in the United States. JAMAOncol 2017;3:1335-1342 2.Leoncini E, Boffetta P, Shafir M, Aleksovska K, Boccia S, Rindi G. Increased incidence trendof low-grade and high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocrine 2017;58:368-379 3.Nagtegaal ID, Odze RD, Klimstra D, Paradis V, Rugge M, Schirmacher P, et al. The 2019 WHOclassification of tumours of the digestive system. Histopathology 2020;76:182-188 4.Rindi G, Klimstra DS, Abedi-Ardekani B, Asa SL, Bosman FT, Brambilla E, et al. A commonclassification framework for neuroendocrine neoplasms: an International Agency for Research onCancer (IARC) and World Health Organization (WHO) expert consensus proposal. Mod Pathol2018;31:1770-1786 5.中国临床肿瘤学会神经内分泌肿瘤专家委员会. 中国胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤专家共识(2016年版). 临床肿瘤学杂志 2016;21:927-946 6.谭煌英, 娄彦妮, 罗杰, 刘继喜, 贾立群. 胃神经内分泌肿瘤的分型诊断和治疗. 中国医学前沿杂志：电子版 2014:5 7.Moertel CG, Kvols LK, O'Connell MJ, Rubin J. Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas withcombined etoposide and cisplatin. Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variantsof these neoplasms. Cancer 1991;68:227-232 8.Mitry E, Baudin E, Ducreux M, Sabourin JC, Rufié P, Aparicio T, et al. Treatment of poorlydifferentiated neuroendocrine tumours with etoposide and cisplatin. Br J Cancer 1999;81:1351-1355 9.Thomas KEH, Voros BA, Boudreaux JP, Thiagarajan R, Woltering EA, Ramirez RA. CurrentTreatment Options in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma. Oncologist2019;24:1076-1088 10. Zhang P, Li J, Li J, Zhang X, Zhou J, Wang X, et al. Etoposide and cisplatin versusirinotecan and cisplatin as the first-line therapy for patients with advanced, poorly differentiatedgastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: A randomized phase 2 study. Cancer 2020;126Suppl 9:2086-2092 11. Voron T, Colussi O, Marcheteau E, Pernot S, Nizard M, Pointet AL, et al. VEGF-A modulates expression of inhibitory checkpoints on CD8+ T cells in tumors. J Exp Med2015;212:139-148 12. Katoh M. FGFR inhibitors: Effects on cancer cells, tumor microenvironment and wholebody homeostasis (Review). Int J Mol Med2016;38:3-15 13. Xu J, Shen L, Bai C, Wang W, Li J, Yu X, et al. Surufatinib in advanced pancreaticneuroendocrine tumours (SANET-p): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3study. The Lancet Oncology 2020;21:1489-1499 14. Xu J, Shen L, Zhou Z, Li J, Bai C, Chi Y, et al. Surufatinib in advanced extrapancreaticneuroendocrine tumours (SANET-ep): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3study. The Lancet Oncology 2020;21:1500-1512