Biochemical Role of Circulating microRNAs Expression as Diagnostic Markers for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients

Lymphomas are a fairly common malignancy accounting for approximately half of all newly diagnosed hematological neoplasms, and they comprise the sixth most common group of malignancies worldwide in both men and women, With marked geographic variations and affecting more males than females within the age range of 1 to 85 years but peaking within the second decades of life (Oluwasola AO et al., 2011, Roman E et al., 2011 and Jemal A et al., 2010) . Lymphomas have traditionally been classified as either Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) based on the presence or absence of the Reed-Sternberg (RS) cell on histology. (Fitzmaurice C et al., 2017). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHLs) comprise a wide class of lymphoid neoplasms that evolve from the clonal expansion of mature B, T and natural killer (NK) cells in different stages of development (Morton, L.M. et al., 2014 and Schmitz R et al., 2009). NHLs are the most prevalent hematopoietic neoplasms, accounting for approximately 4.3% of all cancer diagnoses (Sant, M. et al., 2010) , Of them, B cell NHL accounts for approximately 30% of all lymphoid neoplasms, followed by HL (8%) and T/NK neoplasms (5%) (Morton, L.M. et al., 2006). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, naturally occurring, noncoding and single-stranded RNA molecules (18, 22 nucleotides) that function as post-transcriptional regulators by directly cleaving target messenger RNA (mRNA) or translational repression (Bartel DP. Et al., 2004). The discovery of miRNA has exposed a new layer of gene expression regulation that affects many physiological and pathological processes of life (Lawrie CH. Et al., 2013). Many abnormal miRNA expression patterns are found in various human malignancies, and certain miRNAs play roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressors (Ling N et al., 2013). Certain miRNAs have been found to characterize various subtypes of NHL and have important roles in B-cell differentiation and lymphomagenesis (Zhang J et al., 2009, Malumbres R et al., 2009, Basso K et al., 2009 and Auer RL et al., 2011). Recently, many studies had shown that tumor cell-specific miRNAs were detectable in the plasma and serum of patients with cancer. Therefore, miRNAs may be served as good biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, and follow up of patients with cancer (Cortez MA et al., 2012).

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

75 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. This study will include patients who have newly diagnosed, histo-pathologically proved Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
2. Age from 18 to 75 years old.
3. anti-neoplastic treatment naïve patients.
4. No associated other malignancies (neither Synchronous nor metachronous) than Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. children below 18 years old or elderly people more than 75 years old
2. patients not newly diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
3. presence of any associated other malignancies than non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

• BACKGROUNDSun CM, Luan CF. Overexpression of microRNA-21 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is associated with disease stage and treatment outcome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Sep;19(18):3397-402. PMID 26439034
• BACKGROUNDJorgensen S, Paulsen IW, Hansen JW, Tholstrup D, Hother C, Sorensen E, Petersen MS, Nielsen KR, Rostgaard K, Larsen MAH, Brown PN, Ralfkiaer E, Homburg KM, Hjalgrim H, Erikstrup C, Ullum H, Troelsen J, Gronbaek K, Pedersen OB. The value of circulating microRNAs for early diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma: A case-control study on historical samples. Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 15;10(1):9637. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66062-1. PMID 32541886
• BACKGROUNDBedewy AML, Elmaghraby SM, Shehata AA, Kandil NS. Prognostic Value of miRNA-155 Expression in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Turk J Haematol. 2017 Aug 2;34(3):207-212. doi: 10.4274/tjh.2016.0286. Epub 2017 Feb 1. PMID 28148469
• BACKGROUNDFang C, Zhu DX, Dong HJ, Zhou ZJ, Wang YH, Liu L, Fan L, Miao KR, Liu P, Xu W, Li JY. Serum microRNAs are promising novel biomarkers for diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol. 2012 Apr;91(4):553-9. doi: 10.1007/s00277-011-1350-9. Epub 2011 Oct 11. PMID 21987025