A Prospective, Single-center, Single-arm, Pivotal Trial of the Medtronic Hugo™ Robotic Assisted Surgery (RAS) System

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult subjects (22 years old or greater) who are willing to participate and provide informed consent
2. Subjects indicated for a radical prostatectomy or a cholecystectomy

   * Prostatectomy: Male patients requiring radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer (\* Clinically localized prostate cancer is defined as following: biopsy-proven prostate adenocarcinoma, clinical staged as T1-T2N0M0 upon standard imaging findings such as bone scan, MRI, or CT)
   * Cholecystectomy: Patients requiring cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, or gallbladder polyps (\* For gallbladder polyps, only followings will be considered: gallbladder polyps ≥10 mm, enlarging polyps, or symptomatic gallbladder polyps)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient with a considerable risk for laparoscopic surgery (e.g., severe cardiopulmonary diseases which contraindicated to general anesthesia, uncontrolled coagulopathy, etc.)
2. Patients requiring urgent surgery
3. Pregnant or lactating women
4. Patients with either of followings:

   * Prostatectomy: Metastatic prostate cancer or estimated life expectancy less than 10 years
   * Cholecystectomy: Severe liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class C) with portal hypertension, suspicion of gallbladder cancer
5. Previous abdominal surgery (open or laparoscopic) within 2 years before enrollment
6. Concurrent participation in another clinical study that may confound study results
7. Patient has a condition that could compromise study compliance (e.g., mentally incompetent, alcohol or drug abuse) as determined by the investigator
8. Subjects who are considered unsuitable to conduct the trial as determined by the investigator