Contributions to Hypertension With Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Inclusion Criteria:

* -age 40+ years;
* resting blood pressure \<140/90 mmHg;
* fasted blood glucose \<126 mg/dL;
* testosterone ≥400 ng/dL;
* sedentary to recreationally active;
* nonsmokers;
* healthy as determined by medical history, physical exam, blood and urine chemistries and resting and exercise ECG during a physician supervised graded exercise treadmill test OR recent diagnosis of non-metastatic prostate cancer with plans to undergo androgen deprivation therapy;
* PSA \<4.00 ng/dL if in the non-cancer group;
* Gleason Score ≤7 if in the prostate cancer group;
* no use of medications that might influence cardiovascular function (e.g., antihypertensives, lipid-lowering medications);
* willing and able to be on GnRHagonist and AR inhibitor;
* not taking antioxidant vitamins, corticosteroids, or anti-inflammatory medications, or willing to stop use for four weeks prior to the start of the study;
* not using exogenous sex hormones for at least one year

Exclusion Criteria:

* -acute liver disease;
* chronic kidney disease, serum creatinine \>1.3 mg/dL, macroalbuminuria \>300 mg/g of proteinuria
* pre-existing or active cardiac, renal or hepatic disease, epilepsy or other seizure disorder;
* diabetes, active or chronic infection, disease that affects the nervous system;
* Gleason Score ≥8;
* thyroid dysfunction, defined as ultrasensitive TSH \<0.5 or \>5.0 mU/L, volunteers with abnormal TSH values will be re-considered for participation after follow-up evaluation by the PCP with initiation or adjustment of thyroid hormone replacement;
* tobacco use within the previous 12 months