Double-blind Study to Evaluate the PK, Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of MB12 Versus Keytruda® in Stage IV NSCLC

Inclusion Criteria:

Individuals must meet all of the following criteria to be included in the study:

1. Willing and able to provide written informed consent for the study before the initiation of any study-specific procedures.
2. Greater than or equal to 18 years of age at the time of signing the ICF.
3. Body weight ≥50 kg at Screening.
4. Having newly diagnosed stage IV (defined by the eighth edition of the TNM classification) non-squamous NSCLC, without prior systemic treatment for the disease. For those subjects in whom the pleural or pericardial effusion is the only location of metastatic disease, confirmation of its malignant etiology is required.
5. At least 1 radiographically measurable lesion per RECIST version 1.1, locally assessed.
6. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥50%, locally determined by immunohistochemistry, as determined by a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) validated method.
7. Life expectancy of at least 3 months.
8. ECOG performance status of 0 to 1.
9. Adequate hepatic, renal, hematologic, endocrine, and coagulation function, defined as:

   1. Liver function: bilirubin level ≤1.5 × the upper limit of normal (ULN) (≤3 × ULN for subjects with Gilbert's syndrome), albumin level ≥ lower limit of normal (LLN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤2.5 × ULN in subjects without liver metastases or ≤5 × ULN in subjects with liver metastases.
   2. Renal function: serum creatinine level ≤1.5 × ULN, calculated creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min (Cockcroft-Gault formula).
   3. Hematologic function: absolute neutrophil count ≥1.5 × 109/L; platelet count ≥100 × 109/L, hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL.
   4. Endocrine function: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) within normal limits. If TSH is not within normal limits, the subject may still be eligible if T3 and free T4 are within normal limits.
   5. Coagulation: international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤ 1.5 × ULN unless subject is receiving anticoagulant therapy. Subjects on anticoagulant therapy must be on a stable anticoagulation regimen and have an INR not above the target therapeutic range for the 14 days before the first dose of the study drug.
10. Subjects with a negative COVID-19 test (done at the discretion of investigator or per local regulation) within previous 24 hours before randomization. In case of confirmed COVID-19 infection before Screening, documentation of resolution of infection by appropriate laboratory test is required.
11. No history of prior malignancy, except for basal cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or cervical cancer in situ, or has undergone potentially curative therapy without evidence of disease recurrence for 3 years from the start of that therapy.
12. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must either abstain from sexual intercourse or employ highly effective contraception measures during the study and for at least 6 months after the last dose of the study drug. Highly effective measures include 2 forms of contraception. Postmenopausal or surgically sterile women (ie, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy) are eligible. Postmenopausal status is defined as either: amenorrheic for ≥12 months following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatments and without an alternative medical cause; luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels in the postmenopausal range for women under 50 years of age; radiation-induced ovarian ablation with last menses ≥1 year ago; or chemotherapy-induced menopause with a ≥1-year interval since last menses. Female subjects must refrain from donating or banking eggs (ova, oocytes) and retrieving eggs for use during study treatment and for 6 months after the last dose of the study drug.
13. Male subjects, if not surgically sterile, must either abstain from sexual intercourse or employ highly effective contraception (condoms or other barrier forms of contraception) during the study and for at least 6 months after the last dose of the study drug. Male subjects should also avoid semen donation or providing semen for in-vitro fertilization during the above mentioned duration.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Unwilling or unable to comply with scheduled visits, drug administration plan, laboratory tests, or other study procedures and study restrictions.
2. Predominantly squamous cell histology NSCLC. Mixed tumors will be categorized by the predominant cell type; if small cell elements are present, the subject is ineligible.
3. Participation in another clinical trial or treatment with another investigational agent within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives before randomization, whichever is longer.
4. Known actionable mutations for which there is an approved and available therapy.
5. Known central nervous system metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis.
6. Previous systemic steroid therapy (prednisone at a dose of 10 mg or equivalent) within 3 days before the first dose of the study drug or receiving any other form of immunosuppressive medication. Subjects receiving daily steroid replacement therapy (daily prednisone at a dose of 5 to 7.5 mg or equivalent) could be included in the study.
7. Subject who requires any other form of localized or systemic antineoplastic therapy during the study.
8. Prior anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1), anti-PD-L1, anti programmed death-ligand 2 (anti-PD-L2), anti-CD137, or anti cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 therapy (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug that specifically targets co stimulation of T cells or immune checkpoints).
9. Prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, biological therapy, or major surgery within 3 weeks before the first dose of the study drug; have received thoracic radiation therapy of \>30 gray (Gy) within 6 months before the first dose of the study drug. Palliative radiotherapy is allowed if completed \>14 days before the first dose of the study drug.
10. Known history of severe hypersensitivity to another monoclonal antibody.
11. Active autoimmune disease which has required systemic treatment in the last 2 years before the first dose of the study drug (eg, disease modifying agents, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive treatment). Replacement therapy (eg, thyroxine, insulin, or physiological corticosteroid replacement therapy for pituitary or adrenal insufficiency) is not considered a form of systemic treatment.
12. Interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis requiring oral or intravenous steroids.
13. Active infection or a previous infection requiring intravenous systemic treatment within 30 days before the first dose of the study drug.
14. Subject who has received or is about to receive a live virus vaccination within 30 days before the first dose of the study drug. Seasonal flu and COVID-19 vaccines that do not contain live virus are permitted.
15. Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 or HIV-2.
16. Known active tuberculosis or hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen \[HBsAg\] positive) or hepatitis C (hepatitis C antibody positive and hepatitis C virus \[HCV\] RNA positive).
17. Subject who has received a solid organ/tissue allogeneic transplant.
18. Known psychiatric disorders that could interfere with cooperation with study requirements.
19. At the time of signing the ICF, the subject is a regular user (including "recreational use") of any illicit drug or has a recent history (within the past year) of substance abuse (including alcohol).
20. Subject is pregnant or lactating or expecting to conceive during the study or up to 120 days after the last dose of the study drug.
21. Immediate family member who is at the research site or sponsoring staff who is directly involved in this study