Structuring of a Lung Cancer Screening Program Including Clinical, Radiological and Biological Phenotyping Useful for the Development of Individualized Risk Prediction Tools: PREVALUNG ETOILE

Inclusion Criteria:

Age 45- 75 years and

* Medical follow-up for a smoking-related pathology :
* atheroma
* chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / emphysema
* history of non evolving cancer \> 5 years among: ENT, lung, breast, cervical, excreto-urinary cervix, excreto-urinary tract, bladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, kidney, chronic myeloid leukemia chronic myeloid leukemia,
* daily smoking for at least 10 years prior to the disease Or

NLST inclusion criteria:

* Age 55 - 74 years
* Cumulative smoking ≥ 30 pack-years
* active or quit for less than 15 years Or

Inclusion criterion in NELSON:

* Age 50-75 years
* Smoking:
* \> 15 cigarettes/D for more than 25 years or
* \> 10 cigarettes /D for more than 30 years
* Active smoking or cessation \< 10 years Or

New American recommendations :

* Age 50 - 80 years
* Smoking ≥20 PA
* Active or weaned \<15 years

Exclusion Criteria:

history of cancer \< 5 years (except carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix, basal cell skin carcinoma basal cell carcinoma of the skin and prostate cancer with undetectable PSA)

* Symptoms of lung cancer (unintentional weight loss \> 7 kg in 1 year, hemoptysis)
* known history of pulmonary nodule with specialized follow-up
* history of pulmonary fibrosis or pulmonary hypertension
* patient under guardianship or curatorship
* active pulmonary parenchymal infection
* severe cardiac or respiratory insufficiency (rest dyspnea)
* patient not affiliated to the social security system (beneficiary or beneficiary's right)
* Patient deprived of liberty
* Performance status (WHO) 2, 3 or 4
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women