Clinical trial · Interventional
CYP2D6 Genotypes and Breast Cancer Clinical Outcomes in the Indonesian Population
CYP2D6 Genotypes and Breast Cancer Clinical Outcomes in the Indonesian Population (Pengaruh Genotipe CYP2D6 Terhadap Efektivitas Penggunaan Tamoksifen Untuk Pasien Kanker Payudara ER+ Pada Populasi Indonesia)
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Retrieved
- Sep 8, 2026
- Layer
- normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
- Run
- ING-CLINICALTRIALS-20260908-000001
Summary
Brief summary (as posted)
The utilization of tamoxifen is considerably high in Indonesia, with about 170,000 tamoxifen prescriptions filed in 2015. It is metabolized by the enzyme CYP2D6, resulting in its active metabolite, endoxifen, which has been proven to be effective in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Studies showed the CYP2D6 gene has more than 100 variants; some of which are linked with reduced drug activity, while others do not have any pathological implications. The metabolizer profile of these variants is generally grouped into Ultra-rapid, Normal, Intermediate, and Poor Metabolizers (UM, NM, IM, and PM, respectively). In our previous study (NCT04312347), the investigators recruited 150 breast cancer patients who were taking adjusted dose of tamoxifen daily based on their CYP2D6 phenotype. Although the investigators have measured the endoxifen level of the patients with adjusted treatment, the clinical outcomes of the study are not yet conclusive.
Conditions
Conditions (1)
Free-text conditions as registered, with the CancerIndex entity they were reconciled to and the match type.
| Condition (as posted) | Mapped entity | Match | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer | Malignant Breast Neoplasm | CURATED_EXACT | 0.92 |
Interventions
Interventions (1)
| Intervention | Type | Mapped drug | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tamoxifen | Drug | Tamoxifen | ALIAS |
Design
Arms and outcomes
Arms (2)
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- label
- Dose adjustment of tamoxifen
- description
- Following the CPIC guidelines, those identified as Poor Metabolizers (PMs) and Intermediate Metabolizers (IMs) from our previous study are recommended to adjust their tamoxifen dosage to 40 mg per day.
- interventionNames
- Drug: Tamoxifen
- type
- NO_INTERVENTION
- label
- Standard dose of tamoxifen
- description
- Those identified as Normal Metabolizers (NMs) from our previous study remain on tamoxifen 20 mg per day.
Primary outcomes (2)
- measure
- Overall Survival rate
- timeFrame
- 3 year
- description
- The percentage of study participants who are still alive by the end of this study after being diagnosed with breast cancer
Eligibility
Eligibility (as posted)
- Sex
- Female
Show eligibility criteria text
Inclusion Criteria: 1. female 2. diagnosed with ER+ breast cancer 3. have been genotyped and classified as PM and IM in the previous study 4. are recommended by doctor to take tamoxifen 40 mg according to their metabolizer profile 5. have finished the definitive therapy course (surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy). Exclusion Criteria: 1. have other primary cancer aside from breast cancer. 2. those with residual tumor cells/have experienced second primary breast tumor. 3. patients who are recommended by doctor to switch to aromatase inhibitors (AI)
References
Publications (3)
- BACKGROUNDBraal CL, Jager A, Hoop EO, Westenberg JD, Lommen KMWT, de Bruijn P, Vastbinder MB, van Rossum-Schornagel QC, Thijs-Visser MF, van Alphen RJ, Struik LEM, Zuetenhorst HJM, Mathijssen RHJ, Koolen SLW. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Endoxifen for Tamoxifen Precision Dosing: Feasible in Patients with Hormone-Sensitive Breast Cancer. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2022 Apr;61(4):527-537. doi: 10.1007/s40262-021-01077-z. Epub 2021 Nov 17. PMID 34786650
- BACKGROUNDSanchez-Spitman A, Dezentje V, Swen J, Moes DJAR, Bohringer S, Batman E, van Druten E, Smorenburg C, van Bochove A, Zeillemaker A, Jongen L, Los M, Neven P, Gelderblom H, Guchelaar HJ. Tamoxifen Pharmacogenetics and Metabolism: Results From the Prospective CYPTAM Study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Mar 10;37(8):636-646. doi: 10.1200/JCO.18.00307. Epub 2019 Jan 24. PMID 30676859
- BACKGROUNDLu J, Li H, Guo P, Shen R, Luo Y, Ge Q, Shi W, Li Y, Zhu W. The effect of CYP2D6 *10 polymorphism on adjuvant tamoxifen in Asian breast cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 2017 Nov 13;10:5429-5437. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S149197. eCollection 2017. PMID 29180876