Clinical trial · Observational
Long-term Outcomes of Ablation, Liver Resection, and Liver Transplant as First-line Treatment for Solitary HCC of 3 cm or Less
Long-term Outcomes of Ablation, Liver Resection, and Liver Transplant as First-line Treatment for Solitary HCC of 3 cm or Less Using an Intention-to-treat Analysis: a Retrospective Cohort Study
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Retrieved
- Sep 8, 2026
- Layer
- normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
- Run
- ING-CLINICALTRIALS-20260908-000001
Summary
Brief summary (as posted)
Curative-intent therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), liver resection (LR), and liver transplantation (LT). Controversy exists in treatment selection for early-stage tumors. We sought to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients who received either RFA, LR, or LT as first-line treatment for solitary HCC ≤ 3cm in an intention-to-treat analysis.
Conditions
Conditions (1)
Free-text conditions as registered, with the CancerIndex entity they were reconciled to and the match type.
| Condition (as posted) | Mapped entity | Match | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | ONTOLOGY_EXACT | 0.98 |
Interventions
Interventions (3)
| Intervention | Type | Mapped drug | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liver resection | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
| Liver transplantation | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
| Radiofrequency ablation | Procedure | — | UNRESOLVED |
Design
Arms and outcomes
Arms (1)
- label
- Solitary HCC <= 3 cm
- description
- Treatment-naive patients with HCC \<= 3 cm
- interventionNames
- Procedure: Radiofrequency ablation
- Procedure: Liver resection
- Procedure: Liver transplantation
Primary outcomes (2)
- measure
- Intention-to-treat (ITT) overall survival
- timeFrame
- Overall (median length of follow up of entire cohort 6.6 years)
- description
- ITT was evaluated from the first treatment modality that was selected for curative intent. In the case of RFA and LR this was recorded as the time of the treatment. In the case of LT, the intention-to-treat was recorded at the time of listing for transplantation. The ITT analysis thus accounted for patients who were placed on the waitlist but dropped out.
- measure
- Disease-free survival (DFS).
- timeFrame
- Overall (median length of follow up of entire cohort 6.6 years)
Eligibility
Eligibility (as posted)
- Sex
- All
- Minimum age
- 18 Years
Show eligibility criteria text
Inclusion Criteria: * Adult (≥18 years) patients * Solitary HCC ≤ 3cm * Receipt of either radiofrequency ablation, liver resection, or listing for a liver transplant * Treatment received between Feb-2000 and Nov-2018 Exclusion Criteria: * Pathology other than hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) * Receipt of prior treatment (i.e., not treatment naive) * Not eligible for all of the three treatments (ablation, liver resection, or liver transplant listing) * Platelet count \<100,000 before treatment * Alpha-1 fetoprotein (AFP) level \> 1000 before treatment * Age \> 70 years * Child-Pugh score C * Esophageal varices grade greater than 2 * Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score before treatment exceeding 15 * Presence of ascites pretreatment * Presence of encephalopathy pretreatment * Spleen size greater than 12 cm
References
Publications (0)
Data not yet available