Investigation of the Gut Microbiota in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Two Different Induction Therapies

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female, 65\> =Age (years) \>= 18;
2. Newly diagnosed as AML patients according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification;
3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance status of 0,1,2;
4. Patients will receive standard intensive chemotherapy (7+3) or bcl-2 inhibitor-based targeted therapy;
5. Patients have not received prior therapy for AML (except hydroxycarbamide);
6. Liver function: Total bilirubin lower than 3 upper limit of normal (ULN); Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) lower than 3 ULN; Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) lower than 3 ULN (except extramedullary infiltration of leukemia);
7. Renal function with creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) higher than 30 ml/min;
8. Patients who sign the informed consent must have the ability to understand and be willing to participate in the study and sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Acute promyeloid leukemia;
2. AML with central nervous system (CNS) infiltration;
3. Any history of chronic intestinal affections (Crohn disease, inflammatory bowel disease, gluten intolerance) or gastrointestinal surgery;
4. HIV infection, Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) requiring treatment;
5. Severe and active infection that is difficult to control and cannot tolerate induction therapy;
6. Female who are pregnant, breast feeding or childbearing potential without a negative urine pregnancy test at screen;
7. Antibiotic exposure within 30 days before enrollment (carbapenems and/or tigecycline were not included, penicillin, cephalosporins and quinolones could be included)
8. Patients reject to participate in the study;
9. Patients with severe heart failure (grade 3-4) or patients deemed unsuitable for enrolment by the investigator.