Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression and Immune Infiltration in High-risk Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high rate of recurrence (60 to 70%) and progression (20 to 30%) to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The local immunotherapy (intra-vesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT)) reduces significantly the risk of recurrence and progression as compared to observation or to intra-vesical chemotherapy. Systemic immunotherapy with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) or Programmed cell Death 1 (PD1) inhibitors has shown major efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have progressed on platinum-based regimens of chemotherapy, or even in front line setting. In the field of NMIBC, immunotherapy using PD-L1 or PD1 inhibitors is under investigation but the frequency of PD-L1 expression has rarely been precisely described in the different subtypes. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the expression of PD-L1 by different types of NMIBC. The secondary objective is to characterize the immune contexture of NMIBC.

Sex

All

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with histologically documented normal bladder, NMIBC (Ta, T1, CIS) or MIBC stored in the tissue bank.

Samples collected from 2007 to 2011. 3 years follow-up is mandatory to assess the frequency of recurrences and progressions.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of autoimmune disease
* Active tuberculosis
* Prior treatment with CD137 agonists, anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1), or anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibody or pathway-targeting agents