First-in-Human Study of the GDF-15 Neutralizing Antibody Visugromab (CTL-002) in Patients With Advanced Cancer (GDFATHER)

Main Inclusion Criteria:

* Signed and dated informed consent, and able to comply with the study procedures and any locally required authorization.
* Male or female aged ≥ 18 years.
* Histologically or cytologically confirmed/documented diagnosis of advanced-stage, relapsed/refractory solid tumors in non-curable state as per current clinical knowledge (specific for Germany: who have exhausted all available approved standard treatments) or are not eligible for them anymore).
* Part A: At least one anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment (alone or in combination) and progressed on or relapsed after completion of the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment (with a minimum of 12 weeks of anti-PD1/PD-L1 exposure).
* Part B: (1) bladder cancer, hepatocellular cancer, non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma (cutaneous and mucosal forms, not uveal/ocular) that relapsed on or were primary refractory to prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy with an approved anti-PD-1/PD-L1 compound (with a minimum of 12 weeks of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 exposure; specific for Germany: and have exhausted all available approved standard treatments or are not eligible for them anymore); (2) colorectal cancer (MSS/mismatch-repair competent) and have not received any prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy (Not applicable in Germany); (3) biomarker cohort with mixed solid tumors ("basket" cohort;) that relapsed on or were primary refractory to prior anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy with an approved anti-PD-1/PD-L1 compound and that have exhausted available approved therapies for their disease or do not qualify for them anymore (specific for Germany: and have exhausted all available approved standard treatments or are not eligible for them anymore).
* Biopsy-accessible tumor lesions and willing to undergo triple sequential tumor biopsy (Part A) and dual biopsy (Part B, only for selected cohorts).
* At least 1 radiologically measurable lesion per RECIST V1.1/iRECIST (Part B).
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1.
* Life expectancy \> 3 months as assessed by the Investigator.
* Adequate organ function (bone marrow, hepatic, renal function and coagulation).

Main Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or breastfeeding.
* Any tumor-directed therapy within 21 days before study treatment.
* Treatment with investigational agent within 21 days before study treatment.
* Radiotherapy within 14 days before study treatment.
* Pre-existing arrhythmia, uncontrolled angina pectoris, uncontrolled heart failure (NYHA) Grade IV, any myocardial infarction/coronary event, CNS-ischemic event and any thromboembolic event at any time \< 6 months prior to Screening or presence of any uncontrolled heart failure NYHA Grade III or higher.
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \< 50% measured by echocardiogram or MUGA.
* QTcF \> 450 ms for men or \> 470 ms for women.
* Any active autoimmune disease requiring systemic immunosuppressive treatments. .
* Any history of non-infectious pneumonitis \< 6 months prior to Screening.
* Any active inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis which are generally excluded or active autoimmunthyroiditis present \< 6 months prior to Screening.
* History of CNS disease such as stroke, seizure, encephalitis, or multiple sclerosis (\< 6 months prior to Screening).
* Ongoing immune-related AEs (irAEs) and/or AEs ≥ Grade 2 not resolved from previous therapies except vitiligo, stable peripheral sensory neuropathy up to Grade 2, hair loss, and stable endocrinopathies with substitutive hormone therapy.
* History of or clinical evidence of CNS primary tumors or metastases including leptomeningeal metastases, unless they have been previously treated, demonstrated no progression at least for 3 months before Screening, are asymptomatic and have had no requirement for steroids or enzyme inducing anticonvulsants in the last 14 days before Screening.
* Evidence for active infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), tuberculosis (TB), or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).