Melatonin and Risk Of Cardiovascular Events And Malignant Tumors In The Elderly

Cardiovascular diseases and tumors seriously threaten human health. There are many risk factors that affect the occurrence and death of cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors. In addition to genetic and congenital factors, it also includes bad lifestyles, such as smoking, drinking, abnormal metabolism, excessive stress, etc. Many factors such as excessive stress and staying up late can cause abnormal circadian rhythms. The regulation of circadian rhythm is likely to be a key key to the early prevention of cardiovascular diseases and tumors. Melatonin has an important role in regulating the circadian rhythm of the human body. The latest research of our research group confirmed that melatonin can reduce the level of oxidative stress through the retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor alpha (RORα) and thereby inhibit pathological cardiac hypertrophy; melatonin can regulate the polarization and polarization of macrophages RORα receptor stabilizes vulnerable plaque in arteries and prevents plaque rupture. In China, melatonin is widely used in the market as a health product. However, the protective mechanism of melatonin in cardiovascular diseases and tumors is still unclear, and large-scale population intervention studies are still lacking. The level of melatonin in the daytime changes little with age, but the peak at night gradually decreases with age. In people aged 60 and above, the peak of melatonin at night decreased significantly. We speculate that melatonin supplementation may be able to reduce the oxidative damage of mitochondria by maintaining the level of melatonin at night in the body, delay cell decay, and delay this physiological process. Therefore, the project team intends to combine the developed new cardiovascular disease and tumor risk prediction models in the Shanghai elderly cohort established in the early stage, and randomize groups of healthy people in the same risk stratification, according to whether or not to supplement melatonin. There are two cohorts: the melatonin intervention cohort and the parallel control cohort. By observing the efficacy indicators of cardiovascular disease and tumor incidence in the two groups during the follow-up period, it provides evidence-based medical evidence for the future clinical application of melatonin.

Sex

All

Minimum age

60 Years

Maximum age

74 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Queue members;
2. Han nationality;
3. Between 60-74 years old, no gender limit;
4. Women are in menopause;
5. Patients without a history of malignant tumors (except for non-melanoma skin cancer), myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), angina, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention;
6. No mental illness;
7. No history of supplement allergy or supplement allergy;
8. Subjects voluntarily participate in this study, sign an informed consent form, have good compliance, and cooperate with follow-up.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. People who have difficulty swallowing or have known supplementary malabsorption;
2. Have received any other clinical trial treatment within 1 year;
3. The subject has a known, active or suspicious autoimmune disease;
4. The subject has severe infections, including but not limited to infections requiring hospitalization, bacteremia, severe pneumonia, etc.;
5. The subject has used a live attenuated vaccine in the past 30 days;
6. The subject has been taking antidepressant medication before or is taking;
7. Use of anticoagulants at baseline, history of kidney stones, renal failure or dialysis, hypercalcemia, hypoparathyroidism or hyperthyroidism, severe liver disease (cirrhosis), sarcoidosis or other granulomatous diseases, such as Active chronic tuberculosis or Wegener's granulomatosis, dementia, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, sleep apnea syndrome, alcoholism;
8. Situations deemed unsuitable by other researchers.

• BACKGROUNDXu L, Su Y, Zhao Y, Sheng X, Tong R, Ying X, Gao L, Ji Q, Gao Y, Yan Y, Yuan A, Wu F, Lan F, Pu J. Melatonin differentially regulates pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy: Crucial role of circadian nuclear receptor RORalpha signaling. J Pineal Res. 2019 Sep;67(2):e12579. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12579. Epub 2019 Apr 24. PMID 30958896
• BACKGROUNDDing S, Lin N, Sheng X, Zhao Y, Su Y, Xu L, Tong R, Yan Y, Fu Y, He J, Gao Y, Yuan A, Ye L, Reiter RJ, Pu J. Melatonin stabilizes rupture-prone vulnerable plaques via regulating macrophage polarization in a nuclear circadian receptor RORalpha-dependent manner. J Pineal Res. 2019 Sep;67(2):e12581. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12581. Epub 2019 May 14. PMID 31009101
• BACKGROUNDZhao Y, Xu L, Ding S, Lin N, Ji Q, Gao L, Su Y, He B, Pu J. Novel protective role of the circadian nuclear receptor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-alpha in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Pineal Res. 2017 Apr;62(3). doi: 10.1111/jpi.12378. Epub 2017 Feb 22. PMID 27862268
• BACKGROUNDZhao YC, Xu LW, Ding S, Ji QQ, Lin N, He Q, Gao LC, Su YY, Pu J, He B. Nuclear receptor retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha deficiency exacerbates high-fat diet-induced cardiac dysfunction despite improving metabolic abnormality. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2017 Aug;1863(8):1991-2000. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.10.029. Epub 2016 Nov 5. PMID 27825849
• BACKGROUNDHe B, Zhao Y, Xu L, Gao L, Su Y, Lin N, Pu J. The nuclear melatonin receptor RORalpha is a novel endogenous defender against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Pineal Res. 2016 Apr;60(3):313-26. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12312. Epub 2016 Feb 16. PMID 26797926