Neoadjuvant Interstitial Brachytherapy Using Diffusing Alpha Emitters Radiation Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

* Pathologically confirmed, previously untreated, resectable prostate adenocarcinoma
* Ability to provide tissue sample from the target or its vicinity, either from an archive or undergo another biopsy to provide a fresh sample
* Medically fit for surgery
* Targetable lesion must be technically amenable for complete coverage (including 3-5mm margins) by the DaRT seeds
* Targetable lesion by either PSMA PET-CT according to PERCIST v1.0 OR by multiparametric MRI according RECIST v1.1
* Patients must be willing to undergo imaging before and after treatment with DaRT (prior to surgery)
* Lesion size ≤ 3 cm in the longest diameter
* Age ≥ 18 years old
* ECOG Performance Status Scale ≤ 1
* Subjects' life expectancy is more than 6 months
* WBC ≥ 3500/μl, granulocyte ≥ 1500/μl
* Platelet count ≥ 100,000/μl
* Calculated or measured creatinine clearance ≥ 60 cc/min
* AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 X ULN
* INR \<1.4 for patients not on Warfarin
* Subjects are willing and able to sign an informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

* Documented evidence of distant metastases
* Prior TURP or prostate surgery
* Prior pelvic radiation
* Any prior pelvic malignancy or other malignancy in the last 5 years, except for cured non-melanoma skin cancer
* Inability to undergo MRI (i.e. permanent implanted device incompatible with MRI)
* Known hypersensitivity to any of the components of the treatment.
* Clinically significant cardiovascular disease, e.g. cardiac failure of New York Heart Association classes III-IV, uncontrolled coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, uncontrolled arrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension, or history of myocardial infarction in the last 12 months.
* Any medical or psychiatric illness which in the opinion of the investigator would compromise the patient's ability to tolerate this treatment or interfere with the study endpoints.
* Patients must agree to use adequate contraception (vasectomy or barrier method of birth control) prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation and for 3 months after DaRT implant procedure
* Volunteers participating in another interventional study in the past 30 days which might conflict with the endpoints of this study or the evaluation of response or toxicity of DaRT.
* High probability of protocol non-compliance (in opinion of investigator)
* Subjects not willing to sign an informed consent