Testing the Response to the Anti-cancer Drug, Triapine, in Uterine Cancers Using Markers From the Tissue at the Time of Hysterectomy

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have histologically confirmed uterine corpus serous adenocarcinoma
* Patients must be planned for surgical hysterectomy and operative staging
* Patients must have adequate archival tissue obtained within 8 weeks of step 1 registration OR have sufficient tumor tissue and be willing to undergo an endometrial pipelle biopsy prior to beginning study treatment.
* Patients must have adequate primary tumor volume, as determined by imaging (e.g., computed tomography \[CT\], ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging \[MRI\]) at eligibility screening, to accommodate research specimen collections in addition to clinical pathology evaluation
* Patients must not have received any prior anticancer treatment for endometrial cancer
* Patients must be \>= 18 years old. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of triapine in patients \< 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study
* Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =\< 2 (Karnofsky \>= 60%)
* Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,000/mcL
* Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL
* Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 g/dL
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 3 x institutional ULN
* International normalized ratio (INR) =\< 2
* Creatinine =\< 1.5 x institutional ULN OR glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \>= 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 unless data exists supporting safe use at lower kidney function values, no lower than 30 mL/min/1.73 m\^2
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
* For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated
* Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load
* Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial
* Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better
* Patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test result prior to beginning study treatment
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. Participants with impaired decision-making capacity (IDMC) are not eligible as there is limited likelihood of direct benefit for participants in this study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 4 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) prior to entering the study
* Patients who have not recovered from adverse events due to prior anti-cancer therapy (i.e., have residual toxicities \> grade 1) with the exception of alopecia
* Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents
* Patients who have known brain metastases, as they are not candidates for surgery
* History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to triapine
* Patients receiving any medications or substances that are inhibitors or inducers of triapine, as well as medications known to be associated with methemoglobinemia, are ineligible. Triapine drug interactions have not yet been identified. As part of the enrollment/informed consent procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the patient is considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal product
* Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness
* Patients with psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
* Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are not eligible. Patients at risk for G6PD deficiency must be screened prior to enrollment