IORT on Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

This phase II study investigates the efficacy of IORT for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the addition of IORT, after FOLOFIRINOX-base chemotherapy, and SBRT, increases the 3-year survival rate. A total of 101 patients will be enrolled, and these patients will receive IORT of 10 to 20 Gy, according to the resection status (to the tumor bed after resection, or to the tumor in situ in case of non-resection).

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

80 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* • Biopsy-proven, previously untreated borderline resectable PC, defined according to the NCCN guidelines v1.2019;

  * Age 18-80 years;
  * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1;
  * Adequate bone marrow function (absolute neutrophil count ≥1500 per cubic millimeter; platelet count ≥100.000 per cubic millimeter; hemoglobin level ≥10 g per deciliter), liver function (serum total bilirubin level ≤1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range), and renal function (creatinine clearance ≥50 ml per minute);
  * Ability to understand the characteristics of the clinical trial;
  * Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* • Ampullary, biliary, or duodenal adenocarcinoma; pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the background of an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN), other uncommon pancreatic adenocarcinomas (acinar-cell, squamous, giant-cell osteoclastic-like);

  * Invasive cancer in the last 5 years requiring radiation therapy to the upper abdomen or chemotherapy;
  * Symptomatic heart failure or coronary artery disease;
  * Pregnant or lactating women;
  * Impaired mental state or language problems.

• RESULTPalta M, Willett C, Czito B. The role of intraoperative radiation therapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2014 Apr;24(2):126-31. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2013.11.004. PMID 24635869
• RESULTKrempien R, Roeder F. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in pancreatic cancer. Radiat Oncol. 2017 Jan 10;12(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s13014-016-0753-0. PMID 28069018
• RESULTCai S, Hong TS, Goldberg SI, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Thayer SP, Ferrone CR, Ryan DP, Blaszkowsky LS, Kwak EL, Willett CG, Lillemoe KD, Warshaw AL, Wo JY. Updated long-term outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with intraoperative radiotherapy at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 1978 to 2010. Cancer. 2013 Dec 1;119(23):4196-204. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28329. Epub 2013 Sep 4. PMID 24006012
• RESULTMurphy JE, Wo JY, Ryan DP, Jiang W, Yeap BY, Drapek LC, Blaszkowsky LS, Kwak EL, Allen JN, Clark JW, Faris JE, Zhu AX, Goyal L, Lillemoe KD, DeLaney TF, Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Ferrone CR, Hong TS. Total Neoadjuvant Therapy With FOLFIRINOX Followed by Individualized Chemoradiotherapy for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Phase 2 Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Jul 1;4(7):963-969. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.0329. PMID 29800971
• DERIVEDPaiella S, Malleo G, Simoni N, Micera R, Guariglia S, Cavedon C, Marchegiani G, Esposito A, Landoni L, Casetti L, Tuveri M, Milella M, Secchettin E, Manzini G, Bovo C, De Pastena M, Fontana M, Salvia R, Mazzarotto R, Bassi C. A phase II trial proposal of total neoadjuvant treatment with primary chemotherapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, and intraoperative radiation therapy in borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2021 Feb 16;21(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-07877-7. PMID 33593311