Axillary Reverse Mapping in Preventing Lymphedema in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Axillary Lymph Node Dissection

Inclusion Criteria:

* Documentation of Disease: cT1-3 patients undergoing axillary surgery who additionally meet one of the following conditions:

  * Clinically node negative patients undergoing mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with possible axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) if SLNB is positive. If ALND is performed during a separate operation, ARM procedure must be repeated. Clinically node negative is defined by i) negative clinical exam and/or ii) negative axillary US and/or iii) negative needle biopsy of sonographically suspicious axillary nodes as applicable to each case.
  * Clinically node positive patients as determined by needle biopsy and planned for ALND regardless of type of breast surgery.
  * Patients will be staged according to the TNM staging system.
* Prior Treatment: No prior axillary surgery except needle biopsy or concurrent SLNB.

  o Prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy is allowed but must be completed at least 2 weeks before registration.
* No prior history of ipsilateral breast cancer (invasive or ductal breast carcinoma in situ \[DCIS\]). Lobular breast carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and benign disease are allowed. (May have neoadjuvant chemotherapy which must be completed 2 weeks before registration).
* No bilateral invasive breast cancer.
* No matted nodes.
* No history of lymphedema of either arm.
* No known allergies blue dyes, including make-up containing blue dye.
* In order to complete the mandatory patient-completed measures, participants must be able to speak and/or read English.
* Female :

Men are excluded from this study because the number of men with breast cancer is insufficient to provide a statistical basis for assessment of effects in this subpopulation of people with breast cancer.

* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2.
* Creatinine: =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN).