MIF Involvement in AML

This study is an observational study of MIF involvement in retrospectively and prospectively included adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Standard care samples collected at diagnosis, after one course of treatment, at time of remission controls, and at time of relapse will be used. The first objective is to determine which AMLs have pre-leukemic stem cells that overexpress MIF. Cytogenetic and molecular (NGS) profiling will be performed at diagnosis. Blood and bone marrow plasma, as well as bone marrow mononuclear cells will be collected and stored. The expression of MIF and its receptor (CD74 and CXCR4) will be analysed. Their prognostic value will be also tested. The second objective is to test whether patients in complete remission have persistent pre-leukemic stem cells that overexpress MIF. Blood and bone marrow plasma, bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients in complete remission will be collected. MIF, CD74, and CXCR4 expression by hematopoietic cells at time of diagnosis and remission will be compared to determine which patients have a persistent overexpression/secretion of MIF. In the meantime, the persistence of initiating lesions in complete remission samples will be tested by NGS, digital PCR, FISH, or RT-PCR methods. The third objective is to develop a pre-clinical model to target MIF in immuno-compromised mice (NSG mice) transplanted with primary AML cells and cells with pre-leukemic lesions. TET2 depletion leads to MIF over-expression/secretion by hematopoietic cells and improved multi-lineage NSG-repopulation capacity. MIF inhibitors and anti-MIF antibodies will be tested in these pre-clinical TET2-depleted models. Xenotransplantation of selected primary AML samples and xenotransplantation of TET2 depleted hematopoietic stem cells into NSG mice will be used. The fourth objective is to understand how MIF is deregulated in pre-leukemic stem cells and how the MIF-dependent crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and pre-leukemic stem cells or normal hematopoietic cells works. The molecular mechanisms of MIF overexpression will be analyzed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from normal and leukemic bone marrow, with a focus on cells depleted in TET2 or DNMT3A. To study the cross-talk between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, pre-leukemic stem cells, and bone marrow MSCs, co-culture experiments will be performed using available MSC cell lines and primary MSCs from healthy donors.

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient newly diagnosed with AML in Saint Antoine hospital or Tours University hospital
* Age \> or equal 18 years old,
* Written informed consent signed

Exclusion Criteria:

-Patient without social insurance