Clinical Effect of Neoadjuvant Hierarchical Treatment Based on Chemotherapy

* Inclusion criteria
* Pathologically confirmed to be rectal adenocarcinoma.
* Distance \< 10cm from the end of the tumor to the anal verge found on colonoscopy
* Tumor in stage T3-4N0-2 (pelvic MRI evaluation)
* Patients without distant metastases (such as liver and peritoneum, lungs, aortic lymph nodes)
* Patients with Karnofsky score greater ≥ 70
* WBC \> 3.5 x 109/ml , PLT \> 10 x 109/ml , TBIL\<22.2 umol/l , BUN \<7.14mmol/l , Cr\<132umol/l or Ccr \> 50ml/min (Evaluated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula: Creatinine clearance (male) = {(140 - age) x LBM (kg)} / {plasma creatinine (mg/dl) x 72} ; Creatinine clearance (female) = 0.85 x {(140 - age) x LBM(kg)}/ { plasma creatinine (mg/dl) x 72})
* Patients must sign the informed consent form
* Female subjects must be contraceptive during the trial
* Patients who did not receive any form of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
* No other important related diseases (such as other tumors, severe heart disease and central nervous system diseases, etc.)
* Age must be equal or more than 20 and must be equal or less than 70
* Exclusion criteria
* Previously received radiation therapy, chemotherapy or anti-tumor biological therapy
* Previously received immuno-suppressive therapy
* Participation in interventional clinical trial over the past time
* Suffering from malignant colonic neoplasms simultaneously
* With peripheral neuropathy(above WHO I level)
* Affected cognitive abilities because of neurological or psychiatric abnormalities Including central nervous system metastasis
* Medical history of severe allergies or allergic constitution
* Severe pulmonary or heart disease history
* Female patients who are in pregnancy or lactation and refuse contraception
* Previously with other malignant tumors
* Exit criteria
* Occurrence of bleeding, obstruction, perforation and other complications
* Occurrence of distant metastasis during the period of neoadjuvant therapy
* Adverse reactions, not be tolerated and do not want to continue to receive treatment
* Patients voluntarily quit
* Capecitabine-related Grade 4 Hand-Foot Syndrome