Targeted Therapy in Treating Patients With Incurable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Genetic Mutations

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed incurable non-small cell lung cancer that harbors an activating mutation in EGFR, MET, BRAF, V600E, RET, HER2, translocation in Alk, or translocation in ROS-1
* Patients must be receiving treatment or planning to start treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the activated gene
* Patients may not be receiving the treatment targeting the activated gene as part of a clinical treatment trial other than the Precision Oncology Trial
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-3
* Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
* Aspartate transaminase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\])/alanine transaminase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
* Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately
* Ability to understand and the willingness to sign an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

* Emergent need for palliative radiation
* Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
* Pregnant women are excluded; breastfeeding should be discontinued