Clinical trial · Interventional
Azacitidine, Lenalidomide and DLI as Salvage Therapy for MDS, CMML and sAML Relapsing After Allo-HSCT
Phase-II Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Lenalidomide in Addition to 5-Azacitidine and Donor Lymphocyte Infusions (DLI) for the Treatment of Patients With MDS, CMML or AML Who Relapse After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Retrieved
- Sep 8, 2026
- Layer
- normalized (units and labels harmonized; values unchanged)
- Run
- ING-CLINICALTRIALS-20260908-000001
Summary
Brief summary (as posted)
This is a prospective, open-label, single-arm multi-center phase II study aiming to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the addition of Lenalidomide (investigational drug) to the standard therapy of Azacitidine and DLI (standard of care) as first salvage therapy for relapse of MDS, CMML and AML with MDS-related changes (sAML, with 20%-30% bone marrow blasts, formerly RAEB-T) after allo-SCT. The starting dose of Lenalidomid is 2.5 mg per day for 21 days with a 7 day rest. The study incorporates 2 interim safety analyses after 10 and 20 patients in order to find the optimal and safe dose of Lenalidomide.
Conditions
Conditions (3)
Free-text conditions as registered, with the CancerIndex entity they were reconciled to and the match type.
| Condition (as posted) | Mapped entity | Match | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute | Leukemia | ONTOLOGY_EXACT | 0.85 |
| Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic | Leukemia | ONTOLOGY_EXACT | 0.85 |
| Myelodysplastic Syndromes | Myelodysplastic Syndrome | ALIAS | 0.90 |
Interventions
Interventions (3)
| Intervention | Type | Mapped drug | Match |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azacitidine | Drug | Azacitidine | ALIAS |
| Donor Lymphocyte Infusions | Biological | — | UNRESOLVED |
| Lenalidomide | Drug | Lenalidomide | ALIAS |
Design
Arms and outcomes
Arms (1)
- type
- EXPERIMENTAL
- label
- Lenalidomide + Aza + DLI
- description
- Patients will be included at the time of relapse after first allo-SCT. As standard of care all patients will receive Azacitidine 75 mg/m2/d for 7 days every 28 days for up to 8 cycles and DLIs given after cycle 4, 6 and 8 at a dose of 0.5-1x106CD3/kg (1st DLI), 1-5x106CD3/kg (2nd DLI) and 5-15x106CD3/kg (3rd DLI). As intervention (investigational drug), Lenalidomide will be also started on day 1 for 21 days every 28 days for a maximum of 8 cycles. Starting dose of Lenalidomide 2.5 mg per day for the first 10 patients. If no dose limiting toxicity is identified in a first interim analysis, the next 10 patients will be treated with 5 mg per day. In case of no DLT after a second interim analysis, the remaining 30 patients are envisaged to be treated with 5 mg per day.
- interventionNames
- Drug: Lenalidomide
- Drug: Azacitidine
- Biological: Donor Lymphocyte Infusions
Primary outcomes (3)
- measure
- Number of Participants with Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety
- timeFrame
- 56 months (final analysis, two interim analysis after 10 and 20 patients)
- description
Eligibility
Eligibility (as posted)
- Sex
- All
- Minimum age
- 18 Years
- Maximum age
- 99 Years
Show eligibility criteria text
Inclusion Criteria: * First relapse of de novo or therapy-related MDS, CMML or AML according to WHO classification (revised version 2016) without FLT3 mutation and without known IDH mutation after first allo-SCT (related or unrelated donor with \< 2 HLA mismatches) * Possibility of DLI (no cord blood, no haploidentical donor) * no previous therapy for relapse after allo-SCT * ECOG performance status ≤ 2 at study entry * no active GvHD treated with systemic immunosuppression within 4 weeks before inclusion * no uncontrolled infection at inclusion * Understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent form. * Age 18 years at the time of signing the informed consent form. * Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements. * All females must acknowledge to have understood the hazards and necessary precautions associated with the use of lenalidomide Exclusion Criteria: * Relapse after second allogeneic Transplantation * AML with FLT3 mutation (ITD or TKD) * AML with known IDH mutation (IDH1 or IDH2) * Any previous therapy (chemotherapy, radiation or investigational drugs) administered as therapy for relapse after allo-SCT * previous transplantation with cord blood, an haploidentical donor or a related/unrelated donor with ≥2 HLA mismatches * Active GvHD requiring systemic immunosuppression within the last 4 weeks * Uncontrolled infection * Any serious medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that would prevent the subject from signing the informed consent form. * Pregnant or lactating females * Any condition, including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places the subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study or confounds the ability to interpret data from the study * Impaired renal function (GFR \< 20 ml/min) * Impaired hepatic function * Known hypersensitivity to thalidomide, lenalidomide or any components of the treatment * The development of erythema nodosum if characterized by a desquamating rash while taking thalidomide or similar drugs. * Concurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatments. * Known positive for HIV or infectious hepatitis, type A, B or C. * Neuropathy ≥ grade 2 * Prior history of malignancy other than MDS or AML (except basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast) unless the subject has been free of disease for ≥ 3 years * Participation in another study with ongoing use of unlicensed investigational product from 28 days before study enrollment until the end of the study
References
Publications (3)
- BACKGROUNDSchroeder T, Czibere A, Platzbecker U, Bug G, Uharek L, Luft T, Giagounidis A, Zohren F, Bruns I, Wolschke C, Rieger K, Fenk R, Germing U, Haas R, Kroger N, Kobbe G. Azacitidine and donor lymphocyte infusions as first salvage therapy for relapse of AML or MDS after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Leukemia. 2013 Jun;27(6):1229-35. doi: 10.1038/leu.2013.7. Epub 2013 Jan 14. PMID 23314834
- RESULTSchroeder T, Rachlis E, Bug G, Stelljes M, Klein S, Steckel NK, Wolf D, Ringhoffer M, Czibere A, Nachtkamp K, Dienst A, Kondakci M, Stadler M, Platzbecker U, Uharek L, Luft T, Fenk R, Germing U, Bornhauser M, Kroger N, Beelen DW, Haas R, Kobbe G. Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation with azacitidine and donor lymphocyte infusions--a retrospective multicenter analysis from the German Cooperative Transplant Study Group. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015 Apr;21(4):653-60. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.12.016. Epub 2014 Dec 23. PMID 25540937
- DERIVEDSchroeder T, Stelljes M, Christopeit M, Esseling E, Scheid C, Mikesch JH, Rautenberg C, Jager P, Cadeddu RP, Drusenheimer N, Holtick U, Klein S, Trenschel R, Haas R, Germing U, Kroger N, Kobbe G. Azacitidine, lenalidomide and donor lymphocyte infusions for relapse of myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia after allogeneic transplant: the Azalena-Trial. Haematologica. 2023 Nov 1;108(11):3001-3010. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282570. PMID 37259567