Uniform FDG-PET Guided Gradient Dose Prescription to Reduce Late Radiation Toxicity

The objective of the UPGRADE-RT trial is to investigate whether de-escalation of elective radiation dose and introduction of an intermediate dose-level in the treatment of head and neck cancer will results in less radiation sequelae and improved quality of life after treatment whilst the recurrence rate in electively irradiated lymph nodes should not be compromised. The full study protocol can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1200/jco-24-02194

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

80 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Newly diagnosed tumours classified as stage T2-4 N0-2 (TNM 7th edition 2009) located in the larynx, oropharynx or hypopharynx (unknown primary and oral cavity are not eligible)
2. Histopathological diagnosis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the primary tumour
3. Decision for curative intent external beam radiotherapy with elective treatment of the neck made by a multidisciplinary head-and-neck oncology team. The patient must be expected to complete the treatment.
4. Radiotherapy planned to start within 6 weeks from baseline imaging of tumour assessment
5. No distant metastasis (M0) (TNM 7th edition 2009)
6. WHO performance status 0-2
7. ≥ 18 years of age
8. Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Concomitant chemotherapy or EGFR inhibitors for this tumour.
2. Primary tumour of the oral cavity or unknown primary tumour
3. Prior or current anticancer treatment to the head and neck area (e.g. radical attempted or tumour reductive surgery, neo-adjuvant or concomitant chemotherapy, EGFR inhibitors or radiotherapy), except for endoscopic glottic laser micro surgery.
4. Current participation in any other oncologic interventional clinical study for this tumor.
5. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
6. Known or suspected HIV infection.
7. History of previous malignancy within the last 3 years, with the exception of surgically cured carcinoma in situ of the cervix, in situ breast cancer, incidental finding of stage T1a or T1b prostate cancer, basal/squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, and other non-invasive malignancies (e.g. in situ carcinomas)..
8. Any condition (somatic, psychological, familial, sociological or geographical) rendering the patient unable to understand or complete questionnaires.

• RESULTvan den Bosch S, Doornaert PAH, Hoebers FJP, Kreike B, Vergeer MR, Zwijnenburg EM, Cox MC, Hannink G, Dijkema T, Kaanders JHAM; Dutch Head and Neck Society. Clinical Benefit and Safety of Reduced Elective Dose in Definitive Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The UPGRADE-RT Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2025 Aug 10;43(23):2583-2594. doi: 10.1200/JCO-24-02194. Epub 2025 Apr 15. PMID 40233286
• RESULTvan den Bosch S, Cox MC, Doornaert PAH, Hoebers FJP, Kreike B, Vergeer MR, Zwijnenburg EM, Hannink G, Dijkema T, Kaanders JHAM; Dutch Head and Neck Society. Dose de-escalation of elective neck irradiation in head and neck cancer: A secondary analysis of acute toxicity findings from the randomized controlled UPGRADE-RT trial. Radiother Oncol. 2025 Dec;213:111196. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2025.111196. Epub 2025 Oct 5. PMID 41057084
• DERIVEDvan den Bosch S, Dijkema T, Kunze-Busch MC, Terhaard CH, Raaijmakers CP, Doornaert PA, Hoebers FJ, Vergeer MR, Kreike B, Wijers OB, Oyen WJ, Kaanders JH. Uniform FDG-PET guided GRAdient Dose prEscription to reduce late Radiation Toxicity (UPGRADE-RT): study protocol for a randomized clinical trial with dose reduction to the elective neck in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2017 Mar 21;17(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3195-7. PMID 28327089