Ultrasonic Scalpel vs. Monopolar Electrocautery for D2 Distal Gastric Carcinoma Surgery

Gastric cancer as one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers, radical resection of primary lesions combined with dissection of regional lymph-nodes is acknowledged by surgeons all over the world. By the invented and adopted energy surgical instruments, surgical procedure is safer and easier than before. The newly surgical instruments reduce the post-operative mortality and morbidity combined easy procedures of surgery. As the most popular instruments used in the gastric surgery, ultrasonic scalpel and monopolar electrocautery were received lots of attention and concern. Some studies have shown some advantage of the two instruments, which were they can facilitate the surgical treatment and make the surgery safer and more effective. Although, some small retrospective sample reports claimed that ultrasonic scalpel brought benefit in blood loss, dissection lymph-node intraoperative complications and even postoperative complications. And Korea small sample randomized controlled trail presentation that ultrasonic scalpel can reduced blood loss and surgical duration. However, postoperative complications were with no statistical significance between the two instruments. Cost- effective analysis of the energy instruments is still controversial. Large sample randomized control trail with high quality is needed. By the reasons above, a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted by 9 hospitals from North to South in China aims to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes, when using of the ultrasonic scalpel or monopolar electrocautery in traditional open gastrectomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of ultrasonic scalpel compared with monopolar electrocautery in D2 distal gastrectomy, include, intraoperative parameters, postoperative complications, cost data, and post-operative quality of life.

Sex

All

Minimum age

18 Years

Maximum age

75 Years

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Preoperative endoscopy and biopsy confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, and predictively feasible of traditional open D2 distal gastrectomy;
2. Predictively resectable diseases, of preoperative staging Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) 14th Edition cT2N0M0-T4aN3M0, IB-IIIC, except T4b;
3. Age：≤75 years, or ≥18 years;
4. Without serious disease;
5. Patients without previous history of upper abdominal surgery;
6. WHO performance score \<2;
7. No limit to sexual and race;
8. informed consent required;

Exclusion Criteria:

1. primary lesion cannot be resected in the pattern of transabdominal distal gastrectomy, but for total gastrectomy, Whipple's procedure, or combined organ resection (include the cholecystectomy) or with a transthoracic approach surgery;
2. Patient undergo emergency surgery due to bleeding or perforation;
3. Patients with other gastric malignant diseases, such as lymphoma and stromal tumors, etc;
4. Patients suffering from malignant diseases before the study;
5. Patients with other severe complications cannot tolerate surgery: such as severe heart and lung diseases, heart function below clinical stage 2, uncontrollable hypertension, pulmonary infection, moderate to severe Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, severe diabetes and / or renal insufficiency, severe hepatitis and / or function below the rank of CHILD B grade, and severe malnutrition, etc.
6. Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy which might affect the efficacy observation;
7. Severity mental diseases;
8. After signature the Clinical trial agreement, patients and their agent will quit the trial.

• DERIVEDWu J, Wang H, Yin X, Wang Y, Lu Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xue Y. Normalization weighted combination scores re-evaluate TNM staging of gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on a multicenter database. Int J Surg. 2024 Jan 1;110(1):11-22. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000726. PMID 38000074